Design, Synthesis, and Thermal Characterization of N,N′-Dibutyl-1,6-Hexanediammonium Based Protic Ionic Liquids for Phase Change Energy Storage Applications

Derya Kahraman Döğüşcü; Hüseyin Akbaş

doi:10.17776/csj.1733240

Design, Synthesis, and Thermal Characterization of N,N′-Dibutyl-1,6-Hexanediammonium Based Protic Ionic Liquids for Phase Change Energy Storage Applications

Abstract

Protic ionic liquids (PILs) based on N,N′-Dibutyl-1,6-hexanediammonium were successfully synthesized using lauric, palmitic, and myristic acids as anionic counterparts for thermal energy storage (TES) materials. The structural characteristics of the resulting PILs were characterized using FT-IR, 1H, and 13C NMR spectroscopy, which confirmed effective proton transfer and the formation of ionic bonds between the cationic and anionic species. Thermal properties, including thermal stability were examined using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The values for the latent heat of fusion were recorded as 69.73, 88.73, and 98.95 kJ/mol for PIL1, PIL2, and PIL3, respectively. Moreover, the synthesized PILs exhibit thermal stability up to around 463.15 K. The synthesized PILs showed strong thermal stability and appropriate phase change temperatures, indicating their suitability as PCMs for TES systems. This study provides insights into the design and development of novel PILs tailored for efficient and sustainable energy storage applications.

Keywords

Protic ionic liquid, Phase change material, Fatty acid

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Chemical Thermodynamics and Energetics, Physical Chemistry (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Derya Kahraman Döğüşcü ^*
0000-0002-6181-5778
Türkiye

Hüseyin Akbaş
0000-0002-3013-9033
Türkiye

Publication Date

December 30, 2025

Submission Date

July 2, 2025

Acceptance Date

October 15, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 46 Number: 4

DOI

https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.1733240

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA93GZ54EB

APA

Kahraman Döğüşcü, D., & Akbaş, H. (2025). Design, Synthesis, and Thermal Characterization of N,N′-Dibutyl-1,6-Hexanediammonium Based Protic Ionic Liquids for Phase Change Energy Storage Applications. Cumhuriyet Science Journal, 46(4), 780-790. https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.1733240

AMA

1.Kahraman Döğüşcü D, Akbaş H. Design, Synthesis, and Thermal Characterization of N,N′-Dibutyl-1,6-Hexanediammonium Based Protic Ionic Liquids for Phase Change Energy Storage Applications. CSJ. 2025;46(4):780-790. doi:10.17776/csj.1733240

Chicago

Kahraman Döğüşcü, Derya, and Hüseyin Akbaş. 2025. “Design, Synthesis, and Thermal Characterization of N,N′-Dibutyl-1,6-Hexanediammonium Based Protic Ionic Liquids for Phase Change Energy Storage Applications”. Cumhuriyet Science Journal 46 (4): 780-90. https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.1733240.

EndNote

Kahraman Döğüşcü D, Akbaş H (December 1, 2025) Design, Synthesis, and Thermal Characterization of N,N′-Dibutyl-1,6-Hexanediammonium Based Protic Ionic Liquids for Phase Change Energy Storage Applications. Cumhuriyet Science Journal 46 4 780–790.

IEEE

[1]D. Kahraman Döğüşcü and H. Akbaş, “Design, Synthesis, and Thermal Characterization of N,N′-Dibutyl-1,6-Hexanediammonium Based Protic Ionic Liquids for Phase Change Energy Storage Applications”, CSJ, vol. 46, no. 4, pp. 780–790, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.17776/csj.1733240.

ISNAD

Kahraman Döğüşcü, Derya - Akbaş, Hüseyin. “Design, Synthesis, and Thermal Characterization of N,N′-Dibutyl-1,6-Hexanediammonium Based Protic Ionic Liquids for Phase Change Energy Storage Applications”. Cumhuriyet Science Journal 46/4 (December 1, 2025): 780-790. https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.1733240.

JAMA

1.Kahraman Döğüşcü D, Akbaş H. Design, Synthesis, and Thermal Characterization of N,N′-Dibutyl-1,6-Hexanediammonium Based Protic Ionic Liquids for Phase Change Energy Storage Applications. CSJ. 2025;46:780–790.

MLA

Kahraman Döğüşcü, Derya, and Hüseyin Akbaş. “Design, Synthesis, and Thermal Characterization of N,N′-Dibutyl-1,6-Hexanediammonium Based Protic Ionic Liquids for Phase Change Energy Storage Applications”. Cumhuriyet Science Journal, vol. 46, no. 4, Dec. 2025, pp. 780-9, doi:10.17776/csj.1733240.

Vancouver

1.Derya Kahraman Döğüşcü, Hüseyin Akbaş. Design, Synthesis, and Thermal Characterization of N,N′-Dibutyl-1,6-Hexanediammonium Based Protic Ionic Liquids for Phase Change Energy Storage Applications. CSJ. 2025 Dec. 1;46(4):780-9. doi:10.17776/csj.1733240

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Design, Synthesis, and Thermal Characterization of N,N′-Dibutyl-1,6-Hexanediammonium Based Protic Ionic Liquids for Phase Change Energy Storage Applications

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