Characterization of Green Synthesized Cadmium Sulfide Nanoparticles Using Morchella esculenta Mushroom
Abstract
In this study, the green synthesis and characterization of cadmium sulfide nanoparticles (CdS NPs) using Morchella esculenta (ME) mushroom extract as a coating and reducing agent were investigated in detail. It was observed that the synthesized CdS nanoparticles have a cubic zinc-blende crystal structure, as confirmed by XRD measurements. The concentration of ME extracts significantly affected particle size; an increase in extract volume led to the formation of smaller nanoparticles (3.63–6.79 nm according to UV-Vis models; 2.29–3.02 nm according to XRD). In addition to the presence of typical Cd-S bonds, FTIR spectra confirmed the role of fungal biomolecules (proteins, polysaccharides) in the coating and stabilization of nanoparticles. At absorption maxima, we observed significant blue shifts (515 nm compared to 453–481 nm for CdS) and broadened band gaps (2.58–2.74 eV) in the UV-Vis spectra, confirming quantum confinement. SEM-EDX analysis revealed that the elements were pure (the ratio of Cd to S was 1:1) and that the shape of the nanoparticles corresponded to the sizes observed in the XRD/UV-Vis data. This study presents a straightforward and eco-friendly process for creating CdS nanoparticles smaller than 5 nm.
Keywords
CdS nanoparticles, Green synthesis, Morchella esculenta, Mushroom
Ethical Statement
This study was conducted in accordance with relevant ethical guidelines. The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
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