Assessment of Gluten-Free Food Sourced Heavy Metal Accumulation for Celiac People

Mustafa Soylak; Ali Duran; Erkan Yılmaz

doi:10.17776/csj.522226

TR EN

Assessment of Gluten-Free Food Sourced Heavy Metal Accumulation for Celiac People

Abstract

This paper shows an evaluation to the study of some heavy metals in certain gluten-free foods for celiac people marketed in Kayseri, Turkey. The concentration values of Cu, Mn, Co, Pb, Cr, Zn, Ni, Cd and Fe in eleven different gluten-free food samples are reported. The determinations were carried out by flame atomic absorption spectrometry after wet digestion method. The average metal concentrations of all the analyzed samples were determined in the range of 0.45-5.12, 1.84-12.2, 1.29-22.5, 0.60-3.01, 0.08-0.18, and 4.61-79.6 mg kg^-1for Cu, Mn, Zn, Ni, Cd and Fe, respectively. The accuracy of the method was confirmed by the analysis of a standard reference material (SRM 1570a Spinach Leaves). Metal pollution index was also calculated to examine the overall heavy metal levels in all analyzed samples. The concentrations of the analyzed metals are equivalent to 7.55-35.3% compared to the daily intake offered by international decision authorities. For this reason, the nutritional quality index for gluten-free food products with respect to all the metals seems to be relatively low.

Keywords

Heavy metals,gluten-free foods,celiac disease,flame atomic absorption spectrometry

References

[1]. Dennis M., Anne R.L., Tara M., Nutritional Considerations of the Gluten-Free Diet, Gastroenterol. Clin. N., 48 (1) (2019) 53-72.
[2]. Melisa J.H., Roxana N.V., Sonia C.S, Eduardo J.M., Roberto G.P., Toxic Trace Element Contents in Gluten-free Cereal Bars Marketed in Argentina, International Journal of Celiac Disease, 3(1) (2015) 12-16.
[3]. Mlyneková Z., Chrenková M., Formelová Z., Cereals and Legumes in Nutrition of People with Celiac Disease, International Journal of Celiac Disease, 2(3) (2014) 105-109.
[4]. Litwinek D., Ziobro R., Gambus H., Sikora M., Gluten Free Bread in a Diet of Celiacs, International Journal of Celiac Disease, 2(1) (2014) 11-16.
[5]. Mehder A.O., Yilmaz E., Sungur A., Soylak M., Alothman Z.A., Assessment of Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb Concentrations in Gluten-free Foods From Saudi Arabia by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry, Atom. Spectrosc., 36 (6) (2015) 254-260.
[6]. Munera-Picazo S., Burló F., Carbonell-Barrachina Á.A., Arsenic Speciation In Rice-Based Food For Adults With Celiac Disease, Food Addit. Contam. A., 31 (8) (2014) 1358-1366.
[7]. Sarı H., Gökdağ H., Kızılkaya A.E., Çölyak Hastalığına Sahip İlkokul Öğrencilerinin Okulda Sosyo-Biyolojik İhtiyaçlarının Karşılanmasinda Yaşadıkları Problemlerin İncelenmesi: Bir Vaka Çalışması Yöntemi, Sosyal Politika Çalışmaları Dergisi. 18 (40) (2018) 121-134.
[8]. Harmancı Ö., Erişkin Yaş Grubunda Çölyak Hastalığının Klinik Özellikleri (Yan Dal Uzmanlık Tezi), Ankara, 2008 (in Turkish).
[9]. Rizzello C.G., Montemurro M., Gobbetti M., Characterization of the Bread Made with Durum Wheat Semolina Rendered Gluten Free by Sourdough Biotechnology in Comparison with Commercial Gluten-Free Products, J. Food Sci., 81(9) (2016) H2263-H2272.
[10]. Gobbetti M., Rizzello C.G., Di Cagno R., De Angelis M., How the sourdough may affect the functional features of leavened baked goods, Food Microbiol., 37 (2014) 30-40.

[11]. Melisa J.H., Sonia C.S., José M.C., Eduardo J.M., Roberto G.P., Trace element concentrations in commercial gluten-free amaranth bars, Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization, 9(3) (2015) 426-434.
[12]. Halina G., Dorota P., Florian G., Paulina W., Rafał Z., Mickowska B., Sikora M., Nutritional and dietary value of gluten-free rolls enriched in amaranth flour, Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research, 4(2) (2010) 126-130.
[13]. Santino O., Diana A., Maria R., Salvatore B., Claudia L., Francesca D.G., Determination of trace elements in gluten-free food for celiac people by ICP-MS, Microchem. J., 116 (2014) 163-172.
[14]. Yalçın G., Trace Element Content and Antioxidant Capacity of Gluten-Free Snacks Produced for Coeliac Disease Patients, Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal, 21(3) (2017) 598-602.
[15]. EC, Commission Regulation (EC) No 1881/2006 of 19 December 2006 setting maximum levels for certain contaminants in foodstuffs, Off. J. Eur. Union L364 (2006) 0005-0024.
[16]. FAO/WHO, Food Balance Sheet, http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/FBS 2007.
[17]. Pourreza N., Naghdi T., Silicon carbide nanoparticles as an adsorbent for solid phase extraction of lead and determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 20 (5) (2014) 3502-3506.
[18]. Saracoglu S., Soylak M., Cabuk D., Topalak Z., Karagozlu Y., Determination of some trace elements in food and soil samples by atomic absorption spectrometry after coprecipitation with holmium hydroxide, J. AOAC Int., 95 (2012) 892-896.
[19]. Bressy F.C., Brito G.B., Barbosa I.S., Teixeira L.S.G., Korn M.G.A., Determination of trace element concentrations in tomato samples at different stages of maturation by ICP OES and ICP-MS following microwave-assisted digestion, Microchem. Journal., 109 (2013) 145-149.
[20]. Nardi E.P., Evangelista F.S., Tormen L., Pierre T.D.S., Curtius A.J., de Souza S.S., Jr F.B., The use of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for the determination of toxic and essential elements in different types of food samples, Food Chem.,112 (3) (2009) 727-732.
[21]. Erbas Z., Karatepe A., Soylak M., Heavy metal contents of play dough, face and finger paint samples sold in turkish markets, Talanta 170 (2017) 377-383.
[22]. Beccaloni E., Vanni F., Beccaloni M., Carere M., Concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, lead and zinc in homegrown vegetables and fruits: estimated intake by population in an industrialized area of Sardinia, Italy, Microchem. J., 107 (2013) 190-195.
[23]. Radwan M.A., Salama A.K., Market basket survey for some heavy metals in Egyptian fruit and vegetables, Food Chem. Toxicol., 44 (2006) 1273-1278.
[24]. Ysart G., Miller P., Crews H., Robb P., Baxter M., De L'Argy C., Lofthouse, S., Sargent C., Harrison N., Dietary exposure estimates of 30 elements from the UK total diet study, Food Add. Contam., 16 (1999) 391-403.
[25]. Orecchio S., Papuzza V., Levels, fingerprint and daily intake of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in bread baked using wood as fuel, J. Hazard. Mater., 164 (2-3) (2009) 876-883.
[26]. SternB. R., Essentiality and toxicity in copper health risk assessment: overview, update and regulatory considerations, J. Toxicol. Env. Heal. A, 73(2-3) (2010) 114-127.
[27]. Enjalbert F., Lebreton P., Salat, O., Effects of copper, zinc and selenium status on performance and health in commercial dairy and beef herds: retrospective study, J. Anim. Physiol. An. N., 90(11‐12) (2006) 459-466.
[28]. Barceloux D.G., Barceloux D., Copper, Journal of toxicology: clinical Toxicology, 37(2) (1999) 217-230.
[29]. Fraga C.G., Relevance, essentiality and toxicity of trace elements in human health, Mol. Aspects Med., 26(4-5) (2005) 235-244.
[30]. Milne D.B., Johnson P. E., Assessment of copper status: effect of age and gender on reference ranges in healthy adults, Clin. Chem., 39(5) (1993) 883-887.
[31]. Maggio A., Orecchio S., Barreca S., Review on chemical composition of gluten-free food for celiac people, Integr Food Nutr Metab, 6 (1) (2019) 1-11.
[32]. Brasilian Ministry of Health, Ministério da Saúde, Secretaria de Vigilância Sanitária. Portaria. Diário Oficial da República Federativa do Brasil, 685 (1998).
[33]. World Health Organization [WHO], Quality Directive of Potable Water. WHO, Geneva 197 (1994).
[34]. National Research Council, Food, Nutrition Board, National Academy of Sciences Recommended Dietary Allowances, 10th edn. Washington, DC: National Academy Press (1989).
[35]. Walsh C.T., Sandstead H.H., Prasad A.D.S., Newberne P.M., Fraker P.J., Zinc: health effects and research priorities for the 1990s, Environ. Health Persp., 102 (1994) 5-46.
[36]. Anonymous Regulation of setting maximum levels for certain conta minants in foodstuffs Turkish Official Gazette, 24908 (2002).
[37]. Barceloux D.G., Barceloux, D., Nickel, Journal of Toxicology: Clinical Toxicology, 37(2) (1999) 239-258.
[38]. Denkhaus E., Salnikow K., Nickel essentiality, toxicity, and carcinogenicity, Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hemat., 42(1) (2002) 35-56.
[39]. Piscator M., Dietary exposure to cadmium and health effects: impact of environmental changes, Environ. Health Persp., 63 (1985) 127.
[40]. Klaassen C.D., Liu J., Diwan B.A., Metallothionein protection of cadmium toxicity, Toxicol. Appl. Pharm., 238(3) (2009) 215-220.
[41]. Nawrot T.S., Staessen J.A., Roels H.A., Munters E., Cuypers A., Richart T., Vangronsveld, J., Cadmium exposure in the population: from health risks to strategies of prevention, Biometals, 23(5) (2010) 769-782.
[42]. Es’haghi Z., Khalili M., Khazaeifar A., Rounaghi, G.H., Simultaneous extraction and determination of lead, cadmium and copper in rice samples by a new pre-concentration technique: Hollow fiber solid phase microextraction combined with differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry, Electrochim. Acta, 56(9) (2011) 3139-3146.
[43]. Allen L. H. Anemia and iron deficiency: effects on pregnancy outcome, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 71(5) (2000) 1280-1284.
[44]. Tenenbein M., Kowalski S., Sienko A., Bowden D.H., Adamson I.Y.R., Pulmonary toxic effects of continuous desferrioxamine administration in acute iron poisoning, The Lancet, 339 (8795) (1992) 699-701.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

-

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Mustafa Soylak
0000-0002-1017-0244
Türkiye

Ali Duran This is me
0000-0002-6260-2424
Türkiye

Erkan Yılmaz ^*
0000-0001-8962-3199
Türkiye

Publication Date

March 22, 2019

Submission Date

February 4, 2019

Acceptance Date

February 19, 2019

Published in Issue

Year 2019 Volume: 40 Number: 1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.522226

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA69BS87AN

APA

Soylak, M., Duran, A., & Yılmaz, E. (2019). Assessment of Gluten-Free Food Sourced Heavy Metal Accumulation for Celiac People. Cumhuriyet Science Journal, 40(1), 61-68. https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.522226

AMA

1.Soylak M, Duran A, Yılmaz E. Assessment of Gluten-Free Food Sourced Heavy Metal Accumulation for Celiac People. CSJ. 2019;40(1):61-68. doi:10.17776/csj.522226

Chicago

Soylak, Mustafa, Ali Duran, and Erkan Yılmaz. 2019. “Assessment of Gluten-Free Food Sourced Heavy Metal Accumulation for Celiac People”. Cumhuriyet Science Journal 40 (1): 61-68. https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.522226.

EndNote

Soylak M, Duran A, Yılmaz E (March 1, 2019) Assessment of Gluten-Free Food Sourced Heavy Metal Accumulation for Celiac People. Cumhuriyet Science Journal 40 1 61–68.

IEEE

[1]M. Soylak, A. Duran, and E. Yılmaz, “Assessment of Gluten-Free Food Sourced Heavy Metal Accumulation for Celiac People”, CSJ, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 61–68, Mar. 2019, doi: 10.17776/csj.522226.

ISNAD

Soylak, Mustafa - Duran, Ali - Yılmaz, Erkan. “Assessment of Gluten-Free Food Sourced Heavy Metal Accumulation for Celiac People”. Cumhuriyet Science Journal 40/1 (March 1, 2019): 61-68. https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.522226.

JAMA

1.Soylak M, Duran A, Yılmaz E. Assessment of Gluten-Free Food Sourced Heavy Metal Accumulation for Celiac People. CSJ. 2019;40:61–68.

MLA

Soylak, Mustafa, et al. “Assessment of Gluten-Free Food Sourced Heavy Metal Accumulation for Celiac People”. Cumhuriyet Science Journal, vol. 40, no. 1, Mar. 2019, pp. 61-68, doi:10.17776/csj.522226.

Vancouver

1.Mustafa Soylak, Ali Duran, Erkan Yılmaz. Assessment of Gluten-Free Food Sourced Heavy Metal Accumulation for Celiac People. CSJ. 2019 Mar. 1;40(1):61-8. doi:10.17776/csj.522226

As of 2026, Cumhuriyet Science Journal will be published in six issues per year, released in February, April, June, August, October, and December

Assessment of Gluten-Free Food Sourced Heavy Metal Accumulation for Celiac People

Çölyak Hastaları için Glütensiz Gıda Kaynaklı Ağır Metal Birikiminin Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Keywords

Assessment of Gluten-Free Food Sourced Heavy Metal Accumulation for Celiac People

Abstract

Keywords

References

Details

Primary Language

Subjects

Journal Section

Authors

Publication Date

Submission Date

Acceptance Date

Published in Issue

DOI

IZ

Cite