Kısmı̇ Gölgeleme ve Farklı Kı̇rlı̇lı̇k Koşulları Altında Fotovoltaı̇k Sı̇stemlerde Panel Verı̇mlı̇lı̇ğı̇nı̇n Araştırılması: Deneysel Çalışması
Yıl 2025,
Cilt: 40 Sayı: 2, 301 - 311, 02.07.2025
Hüseyin Erişti
,
Ali Akdağli
,
Elif Baldan
,
Ahmet Sarı
Öz
Elektrik üretiminde fotovoltaik (PV) sistemlerin verimli çalışmasını sağlamak çok önemlidir. Ancak çevresel koşullar veya panellerin bozulması bu üretimi etkilemektedir. Bu makalede, verimliliği etkileyen faktörleri incelemek için tam ışınım ve kısmi gölgelenme koşulları altında yüzey sıcaklığı da termal kamera ile ölçülerek analizler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Farklı kirlilik seviyelerine göre paneller iki farklı koşulda arızalı ve sağlıklı olarak sınıflandırılarak PV panellerin karakteristik eğrileri oluşturulmuştur. Deneysel sonuçlara göre hem tam ışınım hem de kısmi gölgeleme koşullarında su ile yıkanmış temiz panelin diğer panellere göre daha fazla güç ürettiği ve yüzey sıcaklıklarının optimum seviyede olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Bu çalışma, PV panellerin düzenli olarak temizlenmesi ve panel kusurlarının termal kamera ile tespit edilmesinin verimliliği arttırmak için faydalı olduğunu göstermektedir.
Proje Numarası
Mersin University Research Fund in Turkey with Project Number: 2023-1-AP5-4914
Kaynakça
-
1. Meral M.E. & Dinc, F. (2011). A review of the factors affecting operation and efficiency of photovoltaic based electricity generation systems. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 15, 2176-2184.
-
2. Makki, A., Omer, S. & Sabir, H. (2015). Advancements in hybrid photovoltaic systems for enhanced solar cells performance. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 41, 658-684.
-
3. Kumruoğlu, L.C. ve Ateş, S.B. (2022). Türkiye’nin güneş enerjisi potansiyeli ve İskenderun için örnek üretim projeksiyonu. Çukurova Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi, 37(1), 293-305
-
4. Sargunanathan, S., Elango, A. & Mohideen, S.T. (2016). Performance enhancement of solar photovoltaic cells using effective cooling methods: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 64, 382-393.
-
5. Fouad, M.M., Shihata, L.A. & Morgan, E.I. (2017). An integrated review of factors influencing the performance of photovoltaic panels. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 80(May), 1499-1511.
-
6. Pradhan, A. (2017). Analysis of ten external factors affecting the performance of PV system, International Conference on Energy, Communication. Data Analytics and Soft Computing, 3093-3098.
-
7. Dewi, T., Risma, P. & Oktarina, Y. (2019). A review of factors affecting the efficiency and output of a PV system applied in tropical climate. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 258, 012039.
-
8. Aladağ, İ. ve Yanıktepe, B. (2022). Fotovoltaik bir panelin Matlab@Simulink ile modellenmesi ve dış ortam koşullarındaki davranışının incelenmesi. Çukurova Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi, 37(2), 471-481.
-
9. Selbaş, R. ve Çetin, H. (2022). Fotovoltaik güneş santrallerinin verimlerinin değişiminin incelenmesi, International Journal on Engineering, Science and Technology, 6(1), 211-221.
-
10. Açikgöz, H., Korkmaz, D. ve Dandil, Ç. (2022). Fotovoltaik modüllerdeki sıcak noktaların derin öğrenme yöntemleriyle sınıflandırılması. Turkish Journal of Science and Technology, 17(2), 211-221.
-
11. Dhimish, M. & Theristis, M. (2024). Optik photovoltaic hotspots: A mitigation technique and its thermal cycle. Optik, 300, 171627.
-
12. Yanilmaz, S., Türkoğlu, M. ve Aslan, M. (2024). Güneş enerjisi santrallerinde YOLO algoritmaları ile hotspot kusurlarının tespiti. Fırat Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 36(1), 121-132.
-
13. Numan, A.H., Hussein, H.A. & Dawood, Z.S. (2021). Hot spot analysis of photovoltaic module under partial shading conditions by using IR-imaging technology. Engineering and Technology Journal, 39(9), 1338-1344.
-
14. Salazar, A.M. & Macabebe, E.Q.B. (2016). Hotspots detection in photovoltaic modules using Infrared Thermography. MATEC Web of Conference, 70.
-
15. Suzuki, R., Kawamura, H., Yamanaka, S., Kawamura, H., Ohno, H. & Naito, K. (2002). Loss factors affecting power generation efficiency of a PV module. Conference Record of the Twenty-Ninth IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, 1557-1560.
-
16. Khan, J.A., Tang, S., Ji, B., Khan, F., Khan, M.A., Khalil, U.K. & Ullah, I. (2024). A fuzzy classification method based on rules learning for shaded and unshaded hotspot faults on photovoltaic modules. Journal of Cleaner Production, 449(November 2023), 141785.
-
17. Tantekin, A. & Özdil, N.F. (2022). Energy analysis in a solar house with building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) system. Cukurova University Journal of the Faculty of Engineering, 37(3), 685-697.
-
18. Saleem, A., Rashid, F. & Mehmood, K. (2016). The efficiency of solar PV system. Proceedings of 2nd International Multi-Disciplinary Conference, 19, 20.
-
19. Taşkin, O. (2019). Kusurlu güneş panelinde (PV) verimlerin ölçülmesi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi, 24(1), 289-298.
-
20. Saleem, A., Iqbal, A., Hayat, M.A., Panjwani, M.K., Mangi, F.H. & Larik, R.M. (2020). The effect of environmental changes on the efficiency of the PV system. Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 18(1), 558-564.
-
21. Koca, Y.B. (2025). Fuzzy logic-based simulation and modelling of grid integration renewable energy systems for sustainable energy. NOHU J. Eng. Sci., 14(1), 080-089.
Investigation of Panel Efficiency in Photovoltaic Systems Under Partial Shading and Different Pollution Conditions: An Experimental Study
Yıl 2025,
Cilt: 40 Sayı: 2, 301 - 311, 02.07.2025
Hüseyin Erişti
,
Ali Akdağli
,
Elif Baldan
,
Ahmet Sarı
Öz
PV systems are very important to ensure the efficient operation of photovoltaic (PV) systems in electricity generation. However, environmental conditions or degradation of the panels affect this production. In this paper, in order to investigate the factors affecting the efficiency, the surface temperature under full irradiation and partial shading conditions is measured with a thermal camera and analyses are performed. According to pollution levels, the panels are classified as defective and healthy in two different conditions and characteristic curves of PV panels are generated. According to the experimental results, it is observed that in both full irradiation and partial shading conditions, the clean panel washed with water produces more power than the other panels and the surface temperatures are at the optimum level. This study shows that regular cleaning of PV panels and detection of panel defects by thermal imaging camera are beneficial to increase the efficiency.
Destekleyen Kurum
Mersin University
Proje Numarası
Mersin University Research Fund in Turkey with Project Number: 2023-1-AP5-4914
Teşekkür
This work was supported by Mersin University Research Fund in Turkey with Project Number: 2023-1-AP5-4914
Kaynakça
-
1. Meral M.E. & Dinc, F. (2011). A review of the factors affecting operation and efficiency of photovoltaic based electricity generation systems. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 15, 2176-2184.
-
2. Makki, A., Omer, S. & Sabir, H. (2015). Advancements in hybrid photovoltaic systems for enhanced solar cells performance. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 41, 658-684.
-
3. Kumruoğlu, L.C. ve Ateş, S.B. (2022). Türkiye’nin güneş enerjisi potansiyeli ve İskenderun için örnek üretim projeksiyonu. Çukurova Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi, 37(1), 293-305
-
4. Sargunanathan, S., Elango, A. & Mohideen, S.T. (2016). Performance enhancement of solar photovoltaic cells using effective cooling methods: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 64, 382-393.
-
5. Fouad, M.M., Shihata, L.A. & Morgan, E.I. (2017). An integrated review of factors influencing the performance of photovoltaic panels. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 80(May), 1499-1511.
-
6. Pradhan, A. (2017). Analysis of ten external factors affecting the performance of PV system, International Conference on Energy, Communication. Data Analytics and Soft Computing, 3093-3098.
-
7. Dewi, T., Risma, P. & Oktarina, Y. (2019). A review of factors affecting the efficiency and output of a PV system applied in tropical climate. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 258, 012039.
-
8. Aladağ, İ. ve Yanıktepe, B. (2022). Fotovoltaik bir panelin Matlab@Simulink ile modellenmesi ve dış ortam koşullarındaki davranışının incelenmesi. Çukurova Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi, 37(2), 471-481.
-
9. Selbaş, R. ve Çetin, H. (2022). Fotovoltaik güneş santrallerinin verimlerinin değişiminin incelenmesi, International Journal on Engineering, Science and Technology, 6(1), 211-221.
-
10. Açikgöz, H., Korkmaz, D. ve Dandil, Ç. (2022). Fotovoltaik modüllerdeki sıcak noktaların derin öğrenme yöntemleriyle sınıflandırılması. Turkish Journal of Science and Technology, 17(2), 211-221.
-
11. Dhimish, M. & Theristis, M. (2024). Optik photovoltaic hotspots: A mitigation technique and its thermal cycle. Optik, 300, 171627.
-
12. Yanilmaz, S., Türkoğlu, M. ve Aslan, M. (2024). Güneş enerjisi santrallerinde YOLO algoritmaları ile hotspot kusurlarının tespiti. Fırat Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 36(1), 121-132.
-
13. Numan, A.H., Hussein, H.A. & Dawood, Z.S. (2021). Hot spot analysis of photovoltaic module under partial shading conditions by using IR-imaging technology. Engineering and Technology Journal, 39(9), 1338-1344.
-
14. Salazar, A.M. & Macabebe, E.Q.B. (2016). Hotspots detection in photovoltaic modules using Infrared Thermography. MATEC Web of Conference, 70.
-
15. Suzuki, R., Kawamura, H., Yamanaka, S., Kawamura, H., Ohno, H. & Naito, K. (2002). Loss factors affecting power generation efficiency of a PV module. Conference Record of the Twenty-Ninth IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, 1557-1560.
-
16. Khan, J.A., Tang, S., Ji, B., Khan, F., Khan, M.A., Khalil, U.K. & Ullah, I. (2024). A fuzzy classification method based on rules learning for shaded and unshaded hotspot faults on photovoltaic modules. Journal of Cleaner Production, 449(November 2023), 141785.
-
17. Tantekin, A. & Özdil, N.F. (2022). Energy analysis in a solar house with building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) system. Cukurova University Journal of the Faculty of Engineering, 37(3), 685-697.
-
18. Saleem, A., Rashid, F. & Mehmood, K. (2016). The efficiency of solar PV system. Proceedings of 2nd International Multi-Disciplinary Conference, 19, 20.
-
19. Taşkin, O. (2019). Kusurlu güneş panelinde (PV) verimlerin ölçülmesi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi, 24(1), 289-298.
-
20. Saleem, A., Iqbal, A., Hayat, M.A., Panjwani, M.K., Mangi, F.H. & Larik, R.M. (2020). The effect of environmental changes on the efficiency of the PV system. Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 18(1), 558-564.
-
21. Koca, Y.B. (2025). Fuzzy logic-based simulation and modelling of grid integration renewable energy systems for sustainable energy. NOHU J. Eng. Sci., 14(1), 080-089.