Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Lavandula spica L essential oil from Algeria

Abstract

Lavandula spica L, a species within the Lamiaceae family, is a plant native to Algeria, widely recognized and utilized for various purposes. The study aimed to determine the chemical composition of the essential oil and its antibacterial evaluation. Chemical composition of the essential oil extracted from L. spica collected in the Batna province was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The extraction yielded 1.2 ± 0.044 %, with 5 main components identified, namely: Santolina triene, Borneol, Camphor, 4,7-Dimethyl-4,4a,5,6 tetrahydrocyclopenta(c)pyran-1,3-dione and Eucalyptol, the composition is revealed different from those documented in other studies. The essential oil exhibited a markedly different chemical profile from those commonly reported in the literature, characterized by the absence of linalool and a low level of 1,8-cineole (7.7%), both typically described as major constituents. Conversely, borneol, santolina triene, and 4,7-dimethyl-4,4a,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta(c)pyran-1,3-dione were present at unusually high concentrations, despite generally being reported as minor components. The findings suggested a distinct chemotype unprecedentedly reported. The antimicrobial activity of the essential oil was assessed against three bacterial strains: Escherichia coli (ATCC) 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC) 49619, and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC) 29213 using Disk diffusion method. The antibacterial activity was moderate against E. coli (ATCC) 25922 and S. aureus (ATCC) 29213, and weak against P. aeruginosa (ATCC) 49619. the findings were in agreement with similar reported studies despite the difference in the phytochemical composition of the oils.

Keywords

• Lavandula spica L
• essential oil
• GC/MS
• antibacterial activity.

Ethical Statement

The authors declared no conflict of interest.

Cezayir'den Elde Edilen Lavandula spica L. Bitkisinin Esansiyel Yağının Kimyasal Bileşimi ve Antibakteriyel Aktivitesi

Abstract

Lamiaceae familyasına ait bir tür olan Lavandula spica L., Cezayir'e özgü, yaygın olarak bilinen ve çeşitli amaçlarla kullanılan bir bitkidir. Bu çalışma, uçucu yağının kimyasal bileşimini ve antibakteriyel değerlendirmesini belirlemeyi amaçlamıştır. Batna bölgesinde toplanan L. spica'dan elde edilen uçucu yağın kimyasal bileşimi, gaz kromatografisi-kütle spektrometresi (GC-MS) kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Ekstraksiyon sonucunda %1.2 ± 0.044 oranında uçucu yağ elde edilmiş olup, 5 ana bileşen tanımlanmıştır: Santolina trien, Borneol, Kafur, 4,7-Dimetil-4,4a,5,6 tetrahidrosiklopenta(c)piran-1,3-dion ve Ökaliptol. Bileşim, diğer çalışmalarda belgelenenlerden farklıdır. Uçucu yağ, literatürde yaygın olarak bildirilenlerden belirgin şekilde farklı bir kimyasal profil sergilemiştir; bu profil, linalool'ün yokluğu ve düşük düzeyde (%7.7) 1,8-sineol içermesiyle karakterize edilir; her ikisi de tipik olarak ana bileşenler olarak tanımlanır. Bunun aksine, borneol, santolina trien ve 4,7-dimetil-4,4a,5,6-tetrahidrosiklopenta(c)piran-1,3-dion, genellikle küçük bileşenler olarak rapor edilmelerine rağmen, alışılmadık derecede yüksek konsantrasyonlarda mevcuttu. Bulgular, daha önce rapor edilmemiş farklı bir kemotipin varlığını düşündürmektedir. Uçucu yağın antimikrobiyal aktivitesi, disk difüzyon yöntemi kullanılarak üç bakteri suşuna karşı değerlendirilmiştir: Escherichia coli (ATCC) 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC) 49619 ve Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC) 29213. Antibakteriyel aktivite, E. coli (ATCC) 25922 ve S. aureus (ATCC) 29213'e karşı orta düzeyde, P. aeruginosa (ATCC) 49619'a karşı ise zayıf düzeydeydi. Bulgular, yağların fitokimyasal bileşimindeki farklılığa rağmen, benzer şekilde raporlanmış çalışmalarla uyumluydu.

Keywords

• Lavandula spica L
• uçucu yağ
• GC/MS
• antibakteriyel aktivite.

Ethical Statement

Yazarlar herhangi bir çıkar çatışması olmadığını beyan ederler.

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