A Study on Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Cyclamen coum, Colchicum turcicum and Colchicum bornmuelleri Species

Abstract

In this study, antimicrobial effects of Cyclamen coum, Colchicum bornmuelleri and Colchicum turcicum extracts prepared with ethanol against B. subtilis ATCC 6633, E. faecalis ATCC 29212, E. coli ATCC 25922, S. epidermidis ATCC 12228, S.typhimurium ATCC 14028, P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853, C. albicans ATCC 1029 and S. aureus ATCC 29213 microorganism were investigated by using disk diffusion method. In additon, DPPH scavening activities, antioxidant activities and total phenolic content were determined with Folin-Ciocalteu method. It was determined that extracts obtained Cyclamen coum plant showed moderate antifungal activity on Candida albicans. It has been determined that aerial extracts of Colchicum bornmuelleri and Colchicum turcicum plants have antibacterial effects on E. faecalis. These extracts did not showed antibacterial activty on other test microorganisms.The highest and lowest antioxidant activity results (IC50 values) obtained from the extracts were determined as Colchicum turcicum aerial parts 14.2 µg/mL, Colchicum bornmuelleri aerial parts 768,65 µg/mL. When the extracts used in this study were compared with the standart antioxidant ascorbic acid, it was found that the aboveground extracts of C. bornmuelleri and C. turcicum showed high antioxidant activity. The total amounts of phenolic substances was determined as 191,85 mg GA/100g in the extracts obtained from the aerial part of the C. bornmuelleri plant.

Keywords

• Colchicum turcicum,
• Cylamen coum,
• Colchicum bornmuelleri,
• antioxidant

References

1. 1. Ahmad, I. Beg, A.Z. 2001. Antimicrobial and phytochemical studies on 45 Indian medicinal plants against multi-drug resistant human pathogens. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 74: 113–123.
2. 2. Akbulut, S. 2009. Hamsiköy Yöresinde Odun Dışı Bitkisel Ürün Olarak Alchemilla Spp. Ve Colchicum Speciosum’ un Envanteri Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Orman Mühendisliği Bölümü, Doktora Tezi.
3. 3. Albayrak, S. Kaya, O. 2019. Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities of Endemic Astragalus argaeus Boiss. from Turkey. Hacettepe J. Biol. & Chem., 47 (1): 87–97.
4. 4. Azadbakht , M. Khoshvishkaie, E., Davoodi, A., Hosseinimehr, S.J., Azadbakht, M., Emami, S., Jouybari, H.B., Mirzae, F., Ghadiri, K. 2020. Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Acidic-Solvent Extraction of Colchicine from Colchicum kurdicum (Bornm.) Stef. Using Response Surface Methodology, Research Journal of Pharmacognosy ,7(3): 5-13.
5. 5. Ben Yakoub,A.R. Abdehedic, O., Jridic, M.,Elfallehd, W., Nasric, M., Ferchichi,A. 2018. Flavonoids, phenols, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities in variousextracts from Tossa jute leave (Corchorus olitorus L.). Industrial Crops & Products 118: 206–213.
6. 6. Bokov, D. O. Krasikova, M. K., Sergunova, E. V., Bobkova, N. V., TYu, K., Bondar, A, Marakhova A, Morokhina S, Krasnyuk I, Moiseev D. 2020. Pharmacognostic, Phytochemical and Ethnopharmacological Potential of Cyclamen coum Mill. Pharmacognosy Journal, 12(1): 204-212.
7. 7. Brossi, A. 1990. Bioactive Alkaloids. 4. Results of Recent Investigations with Colchicine andPhysostigmine., Journal Of Medicinal Chemistry, 33(9).
8. 8. Çaliş, İ. Yürüker, A., Tanke,r N., Wright, A.D., Sticher, O. 1997. Triterpene Saponins from Cyclamen coum var. coum. Planta Med., 63(2): 166-70.

9. 9. Çoban, Ö.E. Batır, B. 2010. Antioksidan Etkili Bazı Bitki ve Baharatların Gıdalarda Kullanımı, Electronic Journal of Food Technologies 5(2) 7-19. 10. Davis, P.H. 1978 Flora of Turkey and The East Aegean Islands, 6. Cilt, Edinburgh Univ. Press, London, 128–135.
10. 11. De Zoysa, M.H.N. Rathnayake, H., Hewawasam, R.P., Wijayaratne, W.M.D.G.B. 2019. Determination of In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Five Sri Lankan Medicinal Plants against Selected Human Pathogenic Bacteria. Hindawi International Journal of Microbiology
11. 12. Düşen, O.D., 2004. Akdeniz Bölgesi’nde Yayılış Gösteren Colchicum L. (Liliaceae) Cinsine Ait Türlerin Taksonomik Yönden Araştırılması. Akdeniz Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Doktora Tezi.
12. 13. Güner, A., Aslan, S., Ekim, T., Vural, M. ve Babaç, M.T. (edlr.). Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi (Damarlı Bitkiler). Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını. İstanbul .
13. 14. Hanif, M.A. Bhatti, H.N., Jamil, M.S., Anjum, R.S., Jamil, A., Khan, M.M. 2010. Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities of Essential Oils Extracted from Medicinal Plants Using CO2 Supercritical Fluid Extraction Technology Asian Journal of Chemistry, 22(10): 7787-7798. 15. İnceçayır, D. Semerci, A.B., Mustafa, N., Tunç, K. 2019. Catalpa bignonioides Metanolik Çiçek Ekstraktının Biyolojik ve Kimyasal Aktivitesi. Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(2): 230–234.
14. 16. Jaradat, N.A. Al-Masri, M., Hussen, F., Zaid, A.N., Ali, I., Tammam, A., Odeh, D.M., Shakarneh, O.H., Rajabi, A. 2017. Preliminary Phytochemical and Biological Screening of Cyclamen coum a Member of Palestinian Flora. Pharmaceutical Sciences, 23, 231-237.
15. 17. Kılıç,I. Yesiloglu, Y., Bayrak, Y. 2014. Investigation on the Antioxidant Activity of Roots and Stem of Colchicum turcicum L. Asian Journal of Chemistry; 26(1), 5-9.
16. 18. Mammadov, R. Düşen, O., Demir, D.U, Köse, E. 2009. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of extracts from tubers and leaves of Colchicum balansae Planchon. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ,3(10): 767-770.
17. 19. Piluzza, G. Bullitta, S. 2011. Correlations between phenolic content and antioxidant properties in twenty-four plant species of traditional ethnoveterinary use in the Mediterranean area. Pharmaceutical Biology, 49(3): 240–247.
18. 20. Semerci, A.B. Inceçayir, D., Tunç, K., Sağıroğlu, M. 2019. Antimicrobial Activity of Different Flower Extracts. Curr. Pers. MAPs, 2: 53-58.
19. 21. Suica-Bunghez, I.R. Ion, R.M., Teodorescu, S., Sorescu, A.A., Stirbescu, R.M., Stirbescu, N.M. 2017. Fitochemical And Antioxidant Characterization Of autumn Crocus (Colchicum Autumnale) Flowers and Roots Plant Extracts. Journal of Science and Arts, 3 (40), 539-546.
20. 22. Tanrıverdi O, D. 2019. Yalova İli Geofitleri ve Peyzajda Kullanım Olanakları. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Peyzaj Mimarlığı Bölümü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi.
21. 23. Turker, A. U. Usta, C. 2008. Biological screening of some Turkish medicinal plant extracts for antimicrobial and toxicity activities. Natural Product Research, 22 (2):136–146. 24. Yayli, N. Baltaci, C., Zengin, A., Küçükislamoglu, M., Genç, H. 1998. Triterpenoid saponin from Cyclamen coum. Phytochemistry, 48(5): 88, 1-4