Sirkadiyen Ritmin Oluşmasında Anne Sütünün Rolü

Abstract

Sirkadiyen ritim bireyin 24 saatlik zaman dilimindeki uyku ve uyanıklık döngüsü, açlık ve tokluk, kortizol, melatonin, büyüme hormonu gibi bazı hormonların salgılanması, ısı regülasyonu, gen ekspresyonları, metabolik sistemlerin de dâhil olduğu biyokimyasal, fizyolojik ve davranışsal ritimlerin tekrarını ifade eder. Uyku-uyanıklık döngüsü en temel sirkadiyen ritimdir. Başlıca rol oynayan hormonlar kortizol ve melatonindir. Kortizol organizmada sabah saatlerinde salınır ve sirkadiyen ritmi başlatır. Sirkadiyen ritim yaş, cinsiyet, hormonlar, ışık, uyku ve beslenme gibi faktörlerden etkilenebilmektedir. Yaşamın ilk yıllarında anne sütü sirkadiyen ritmin oluşmasında rol oynar. Gündüz salgılanan anne sütünün laktoz oranı yüksektir, bebek için enerji oluşumu sağlamakta, bebeğin öğrenme yetisini geliştirmekte ve susuzluk hissini gidermektedir. Gece salgılanan anne sütünde laktoz konsantrasyonu düşük iken yağ ve melatonin konsantrasyonları yüksektir. Sağılmış süt ile besleme yönteminde uyku-uyanıklık döngüsünün devamı için sütün sağıldığı zaman dilimi ile bebeğin beslendiği zaman dilimi aynı olmalıdır.

Keywords

• anne sütü
• sirkadiyen ritim
• kortizol

The Role of Breast Milk in the Formation of Circadian Rhythm

Abstract

Circadian rhythm refers to the repetition of biochemical, physiological and behavioral rhythms, including the individual's sleep and wakefulness cycle in a 24-hour period, hunger and satiety, secretion of some hormones such as cortisol, melatonin and growth hormone, temperature regulation, gene expressions and metabolic systems. The sleep-wake cycle is the most basic circadian rhythm. The hormones that play a major role are cortisol and melatonin. Cortisol is released in the organism in the morning hours and initiates the circadian rhythm. Circadian rhythm can be affected by factors such as age, gender, hormones, light, sleep and nutrition. In the first years of life, breast milk plays a role in the formation of circadian rhythm. Breast milk secreted during the day has a high lactose content, provides energy for the baby, improves the baby's learning ability and quenches the feeling of thirst. While the lactose concentration is low in breast milk secreted at night, the fat and melatonin concentrations are high. In the expressed milk feeding method, the time period during which the milk is expressed and the time period during which the baby is fed should be the same in order to maintain the sleep-wake cycle.

Keywords

• breast milk
• circadian rhythm
• cortisol

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