<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
        "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.4/JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article  article-type="research-article"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                    <journal-id></journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">1304-8899</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Çukurova Üniversitesi</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35379/cusosbil.1685080</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Marketing (Other)</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Pazarlama (Diğer)</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>CHALLENGES IN THE TRANSITION TO AI IN HOTEL OPERATIONS FROM MANAGERIAL PERSPECTIVE</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <article-title>YÖNETİCİ PERSPEKTİFİNDEN OTEL FAALİYETLERİNDE YAPAY ZEKÂYA DÖNÜŞÜM SORUNLARI</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8884-6072</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Yiğit Tekinçay</surname>
                                    <given-names>Merve Sema</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>AKDENİZ ÜNİVERSİTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9949-1417</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Akgün</surname>
                                    <given-names>Abdullah</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>AKDENİZ ÜNİVERSİTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20260428">
                    <day>04</day>
                    <month>28</month>
                    <year>2026</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>35</volume>
                                                            
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20250428">
                        <day>04</day>
                        <month>28</month>
                        <year>2025</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20251113">
                        <day>11</day>
                        <month>13</month>
                        <year>2025</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2013, Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2013</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                                                                <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>Artificial intelligence (AI)-supported applications in accommodation businesses have the potential to enhance operational efficiency and reduce costs. However, this transformation process remains limited in hotel enterprises in Turkey, and especially managers are lagging behind in adapting business processes to AI. This study aims to identify the challenges to AI adoption in hotel enterprises from the perspective of decision-making managers. Conducted using a phenomenological design, the research involved in-depth interviews with 33 department managers working in accommodation businesses in the province of Antalya, selected through maximum variation sampling. The data obtained were analysed using thematic analysis with the aid of MAXQDA 24 software. The findings indicate that factors such as AI’s lack of social skills, communication challenges, performance limitations, guest resistance and lack of acceptance, employee adaptation issues, employment concerns, and infrastructure deficiencies are more decisive in the transformation process than technical or cost-related issues. By focusing on the experiences of managers, the study contributes to understanding the institutional dynamics of AI transformation and offers strategic recommendations for industry stakeholders.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <abstract><p>Konaklama işletmelerinde yapay zekâ destekli uygulamalar, operasyonel verimliliği artırma ve maliyetleri düşürme potansiyeline sahiptir. Türkiye’deki otel işletmelerinde bu dönüşüm süreci sınırlı düzeydedir ve özellikle yöneticiler iş süreçlerini yapay zekâya dönüştürmekte geç kalmaktadır. Bu çalışma, karar verici yöneticilerin bakış açısından, otel işletmelerinde yapay zekâya geçişin önündeki sorunları belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Fenomenolojik desenle yürütülen araştırmada, maksimum çeşitlilik örneklemesi ile Antalya ilindeki konaklama işletmelerinde görev yapan 33 departman yöneticisiyle derinlemesine görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler MAXQDA 24 programı kullanılarak tematik analiz yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Bulgular, yapay zekânın sosyal beceri eksikliği, iletişim sorunları, performans sınırlılıkları, misafirlerin benimsememesi, misafir kabulü, çalışan adaptasyonu, istihdam sorunları ve altyapı yetersizliklerinin dönüşüm sürecinde teknik/maliyet sorunlarından daha belirleyici olduğu yönündedir. Çalışma, yöneticilerin deneyimlerini merkeze alarak yapay zekâ dönüşümünün kurumsal dinamiklerini anlamaya ve sektöre yönelik stratejik çözüm önerileri sunmaya katkı sağlamaktadır.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                                                                                <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Yapay zekâ</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Yapay zekâ dönüşümü</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Yapay zekâ uygulamaları</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Kurumsal dönüşüm</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                                                                        <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>Artificial intelligence</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  AI transformation</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Artificial intelligence applications</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Organizational transformation</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                                                        </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Akgün, A. (2024). Robotic solutions for the challenges of human labor: Managers perspective. Advances in Hospitality and Tourism Research (AHTR), 12(1), 93-116. https://doi.org/10.30519/ahtr.1294251</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Aslantürk, E. ve Erdem, A. (2021). Teknoloji kullanımına yönelik tutumun otellerde robot kabul edilebilirliği üzerine etkisi. Journal of Global Tourism and Technology Research, 2(2), 102-115.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Baykal, M. ve Yazıcı Ayyıldız, A. (2022). Otel yöneticileri ve misafirleri perspektifinden dijitalleşme. GSI Journals Serie A: Advancements in Tourism, Recreation and Sports Sciences (ATRSS), 5(2), 307-324. https://doi.org/10.53353/atrss.1097060</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Belanche, D., Casaló, L. V., Flavián, C. ve Schepers, J. (2020). Service robot implementation: A theoretical framework and research agenda. The Service Industries Journal, 40(3-4), 203-225. https://doi.org/10.1080/02642069.2019.1672666</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Belanche, D., Casaló, L. V. ve Flavián, C. (2021). Frontline robots in tourism and hospitality: Service enhancement or cost reduction? Electronic Markets, 31(3), 477-492. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12525-020-00432-5</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Braun, V. ve Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Calvaresi, D., Ibrahim, A., Calbimonte, J. P., Schegg, R., Fragniere, E. ve Schumacher, M. (2021). The evolution of chatbots in tourism: A systematic literature review. W. Wörndl, C. Koo, ve J. L. Stienmetz (Eds.), Information and communication technologies in tourism 2021 (s. 3–16). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65785-7_1</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Cheng, X., Xue, T., Yang, B. ve Ma, B. (2023). A digital transformation approach in hospitality and tourism research. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 35(8), 2944-2967. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-06-2022-0679</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref9">
                        <label>9</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Çolak, O. ve Karakan, H. İ. (2021). Akıllı otel uygulamaları ve bu uygulamalar hakkında yönetici görüşleri: Gaziantep ili örneği. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 42, 168-184. https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.744680</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref10">
                        <label>10</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Demir, Ç. (2021). Konaklama işletmelerinin iş süreçlerinde yapay zekâ teknolojileri ve akıllı otel uygulamaları: Avantajlar ve dezavantajlar. Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, 9(1), 203-219. https://doi.org/10.21325/jotags.2021.785</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref11">
                        <label>11</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Drexler, N. ve Lapré, V. B. (2019). For better or for worse: Shaping the hospitality industry through robotics and artificial intelligence. Research in Hospitality Management, 9(2), 117-120. https://doi.org/10.1080/22243534.2019.1689701</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref12">
                        <label>12</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Etçi, F., Yılmaz, M. ve Karamustafa, K. (2024). Turizm işletmelerinde yapay zekâ uygulamaları: Fırsatlar ve kısıtlılıklar. Journal of Tourism &amp; Gastronomy Studies, 12(4), 2441-2468.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref13">
                        <label>13</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Filieri, R., D’Amico, E.,Destefanis, A., Paolucci, E. ve Raguseo, E. (2021). Artificial intelligence (AI) for tourism: An European-based study on successful AI tourism start-ups. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 33(11), 4099-4125. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-02-2021-0220</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref14">
                        <label>14</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Go, H., Kang, M. ve Suh, S. C. (2020). Machine learning of robots in tourism and hospitality: Interactive technology acceptance model (iTAM)–cutting edge. Tourism Review, 75(4), 625-636. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-02-2019-0062</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref15">
                        <label>15</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Gürsoy, D., Chi, O. H., Lu, L. ve Nunkoo, R. (2019). Consumers acceptance of artificially intelligent (AI) device use in service delivery. International Journal of Information Management, 49, 157-169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2019.03.008</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref16">
                        <label>16</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Gürsoy, M. N. ve Çalhan, H. (2024). Konaklama sektöründe dijital teknolojiler üzerine bir değerlendirme. Selçuk Turizm ve Bilişim Araştırmaları Dergisi, (6), 1-20.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref17">
                        <label>17</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Huang, A., Chao, Y., de la Mora Velasco, E., Bilgihan, A. ve Wei, W. (2021). When artificial intelligence meets the hospitality and tourism industry: an assessment framework to inform theory and management. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights, 5(5), 1080-1100. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTI-01-2021-0021</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref18">
                        <label>18</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ivanov S. (2019). Ultimate transformation: How will automation technologies disrupt the travel, tourism and hospitality industries? Zeitschrift für Tourismuswissenschaft, 11(1), 25–43. https://doi.org/10.1515/tw-2019-0003</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref19">
                        <label>19</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ivanov, S. (2020). The impact of automation on tourism and hospitality jobs. Information Technology &amp; Tourism, 22, 205-215. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40558-020-00175-1</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref20">
                        <label>20</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ivanov, S. ve Webster, C. (2017, 19-21 Ekim). Adoption of robots, artificial intelligence and service automation by travel, tourism and hospitality companies – a cost-benefit analysis. International Scientific Conference “Contemporary tourism – traditions and innovations”, Sofya, Bulgaristan.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref21">
                        <label>21</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ivanov, S. ve Webster, C. (2020). Robots in tourism: A research agenda for tourism economics. Tourism Economics, 26(7), 1065-1085. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354816619879583</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref22">
                        <label>22</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">İnce, E. ve Başer, M. Y. (2023). Turizm sektöründe hizmet robotlarının kullanımı: İşverenler üzerinde nicel bir araştırma. Seyahat ve Otel İşletmeciliği Dergisi, 20(3), 459-475. https://doi.org/10.24010/soid.1261414</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref23">
                        <label>23</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kafa, N., Arıca, R. ve Sönmez Gök, N. (2020). Akıllı turizm araç ve uygulamalarına ilişkin turizm işletmesi yöneticilerinin görüşleri: Eskişehir üzerine nitel bir araştırma, İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 12(3), 2774-2787. https://doi.org/10.20491/isarder.2020.1007</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref24">
                        <label>24</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Karataş, Z. (2017). Sosyal bilim araştırmalarında paradigma değişimi: Nitel yaklaşımın yükselişi. Türkiye Sosyal Hizmet Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1(1), 68-86.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref25">
                        <label>25</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kılıçhan, R. ve Yılmaz, M. (2020). Artificial intelligence and robotic technologies in tourism and hospitality industry. Erciyes Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 50, 353-380. https://doi.org/10.48070/erusosbilder.838193</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref26">
                        <label>26</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Koo, B., Curtis, C. ve Ryan, B. (2021). Examining the impact of artificial intelligence on hotel employees through job insecurity perspectives. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 95, 102763. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102763</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref27">
                        <label>27</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kuckartz, U. ve Rädiker, S. (2019). Analyzing qualitative data with MAXQDA. Springer International Publishing.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref28">
                        <label>28</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Li, J. J., Bonn, M. A. ve Ye, B. H. (2019). Hotel employee&#039;s artificial intelligence and robotics awareness and its impact on turnover intention: The moderating roles of perceived organizational support and competitive psychological climate. Tourism Management, 73, 172-181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2019.02.006</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref29">
                        <label>29</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Lu, L., Cai, R. ve Gursoy, D. (2019). Developing and validating a service robot integration willingness scale. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 80, 36-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2019.01.005</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref30">
                        <label>30</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Lukanova, G. ve Ilieva, G. (2019). Robots, artificial ıntelligence and service automation in hotels. S. Ivanov ve C. Webster (Eds.), Robots, Artificial Intelligence, and Service Automation in Travel, Tourism, and Hospitality (s.157-183). Emerald. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78756-687-320191009</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref31">
                        <label>31</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Manthiou, A., Klaus, P., Kuppelwieser, V. G. ve Reeves, W. (2021). Man vs machine: Examining the three themes of service robotics in tourism and hospitality. Electronic Markets, 31(3), 511-527. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12525-020-00434-3</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref32">
                        <label>32</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Mariani, M. ve Borghi, M. (2021). Customers’ evaluation of mechanical artificial intelligence in hospitality services: A study using online reviews analytics. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 33(11), 3956-3976. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-06-2020-0622</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref33">
                        <label>33</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">McCartney, G. ve McCartney, A. (2020). Rise of the machines: Towards a conceptual service-robot research framework for the hospitality and tourism industry. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 32(12), 3835-3851. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-05-2020-0450</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref34">
                        <label>34</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Mingotto, E., Montaguti, F. ve Tamma, M. (2021). Challenges in re-designing operations and jobs to embody AI and robotics in services. Findings from a case in the hospitality industry. Electronic Markets, 31(3), 493-510. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12525-020-00439-y</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref35">
                        <label>35</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Pillai, R. ve Sivathanu, B. (2020). Adoption of AI-based chatbots for hospitality and tourism. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 32(10), 3199-3226. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-04-2020-0259</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref36">
                        <label>36</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Prentice, C., Dominique Lopes, S. ve Wang, X. (2020). The impact of artificial intelligence and employee service quality on customer satisfaction and loyalty. Journal of Hospitality Marketing &amp; Management, 29(7), 739-756. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2020.1722304</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref37">
                        <label>37</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Rädiker, S. ve Kuckartz,U. (2020). Focused Analysis of Qualitative Interviews with MAXQDA. MAXQDA Press.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref38">
                        <label>38</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Samala, N., Katkam, B. S., Bellamkonda, R. S. ve Rodriguez, R. V. (2022). Impact of AI and robotics in the tourism sector: a critical insight. Journal of tourism futures, 8(1), 73-87. https://doi.org/10.1108/JTF-07-2019-0065</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref39">
                        <label>39</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Samara, D., Magnisalis, I. ve Peristeras, V. (2020). Artificial intelligence and big data in tourism: A systematic literature review. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology, 11(2), 343- 67. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTT-12-2018-0118</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref40">
                        <label>40</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Subaşı, M. ve Okumuş, K. (2017). Bir araştırma yöntemi olarak durum çalışması. Atatürk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 21(2), 419-426.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref41">
                        <label>41</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Şen, E. ve İrge, N. T. (2021). Çalışanların değişime dirençlerinin örgütsel çevikliğe etkisinde personel güçlendirmenin aracı rolü. Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 20(43), 119-148. https://doi.org/10.35408/comuybd.878640</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref42">
                        <label>42</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Tussyadiah, I. (2020). A review of research into automation in tourism: Launching the annals of tourism research curated collection on artificial ıntelligence and robotics in tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 81: 102883. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2020.102883</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref43">
                        <label>43</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Türkmen Akbulut, B. ve Mesci, M. (2022). Dijital dönüşüme karşı işgören tutumlarının incelenmesi: Alanya&#039;da otel işletmeleri üzerine bir araştırma. Balikesir University Journal of Social Sciences Institute, 25(48), 527-542. https://doi.org/10.31795/baunsobed.1130142</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref44">
                        <label>44</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Vatan, A. ve Doğan, S. (2021). What do hotel employees think about service robots? A qualitative study in Turkey. Tourism Management Perspectives, 37: 100775. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2020.100775</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref45">
                        <label>45</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Wirtz, J., Patterson, P. G., Kunz, W. H., Gruber, T., Lu, V. N., Paluch, S. ve Martins, A. (2018). Brave new world: Service robots in the frontline. Journal of Service Management, 29(5), 907-931. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOSM-04-2018-0119</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref46">
                        <label>46</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Yağmur, Y., Demirel, A. ve Kılıç, G. D. (2024). Top quality hotel managers&#039; perspectives on smart technologies: An exploratory study. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights, 7(3), 1501-1531. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTI-09-2022-0457</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref47">
                        <label>47</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Yalçın, H. (2022). Bir araştırma deseni olarak fenomenoloji. Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 22(Özel Sayı 2), 213-232.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref48">
                        <label>48</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Yeşil, A. (2018). Örgütlerde değişimin önemi ve değişim yönetimi üzerine kavramsal bir değerlendirme. Uluslararası Akademik Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(5), 307-323.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref49">
                        <label>49</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Yıldız, S. (2017). Sosyal bilimlerde örnekleme sorunu: Nicel ve nitel paradigmalardan örnekleme kuramına bütüncül bir bakış. Kesit Akademi Dergisi, (11), 421-442.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
