Avrupa’da Kara Ölüm Ve Dönem Kronikleri

Yıl 2011, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 1, 139 - 164, 01.03.2011

Yrd. Doç. Dr. T. Tolga Gümüş

Öz

: This paper discusses the black death perspectives of three chronicles The first part of the paper briefly outlines the socio economic impact of the black death Afterwards this study investigates Jean de Venette’s chronicle of On the Progress of the Black Death The paper emphasizes the astronomical and religious causes of the black death Then the paper discusses Marchione di Coppo Stefani’s Cronaca Fiorentina Rerum İtalicarum Scriptores The study suggests that the negative impact of the black death to the society was not limited to the deaths caused by the black death but some sort of social discomfort pushed people to death Lastly Jean Froissart emphasizes the chaotic situation of the post plague society and the relationship between the black death and the peasant revolts are discussed

Anahtar Kelimeler

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AVRUPA’DA KARA ÖLÜM VE DÖNEM KRONİKLERİ

Öz

Bu çalışmada üç özel dönem kroniğinin On dördüncü yüzyılda Batı Avrupa’da ortaya
çıkan ‘Kara ölüm’e bakış açıları değerlendirilmektedir. Araştırmanın ilk bölümünde
‘Kara Ölümün’ sosyo-ekonomik etkileri kısaca özetlenmiştir. Daha sonra ‘Büyük
Salgın’ın Jean de Venette’in On the Progress of the Black Death isimli eserinde Kara
Ölümün ortaçağ bakış açısı içinden ortaya sürdüğü ‘astronomik’ ve ‘dinsel’ nedenleri
incelenmektedir. Bunu takiben Marchione di Coppo Stefani’nin Cronaca fiorentina.
Rerum Italicarum Scriptores isimli eserinde Kara ölümün toplum üzerinde yarattığı
olumsuz durumun toplumu nasıl daha da kötü hale getirdiği irdelenmekte kara ölümden
yaşanan can kayıplarının sadece hastalığın kendisinden kaynaklanmadığı, bir tür
toplumsal huzursuzluğun insanları ölüme terk ettiği vurgulanmaktadır. Son olarak Jean
Froissart, Kara Ölüm sonrası toplumun içinde bulunduğu kaotik durumu vurgulamakta
ve Avrupa köylü ayaklanmalarıyla kara ölüm arasındaki ilişki incelenmektedir.

Kaynakça

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