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                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>jlr</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Dilbilim Araştırmaları Dergisi</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                            <issn pub-type="ppub">1300-8552</issn>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2587-0939</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Dilbilim Derneği</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18492/dad.1083233</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Language Studies</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Dil Çalışmaları</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <article-title>A Morpho-pragmatic  Classification of Turkish TAM Markers</article-title>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <trans-title-group xml:lang="tr">
                                    <trans-title>Türkçe Görünüş/Kip/Zaman Biçimbirimlerinin Biçim-kullanımsal Sınıflandırması</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8829-5680</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Kuram</surname>
                                    <given-names>Kadri</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Bartın Üniversitesi</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20221231">
                    <day>12</day>
                    <month>31</month>
                    <year>2022</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>33</volume>
                                        <issue>2</issue>
                                        <fpage>145</fpage>
                                        <lpage>171</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20220305">
                        <day>03</day>
                        <month>05</month>
                        <year>2022</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20220922">
                        <day>09</day>
                        <month>22</month>
                        <year>2022</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 1990, Dilbilim Araştırmaları Dergisi</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>1990</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Dilbilim Araştırmaları Dergisi</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <abstract><p>This article reviews eight TAM (Tense/Aspect/Mood) markers of Turkish regarding their pragmatic functions. Its main argument is that three aspectuo-temporal situations and nominal predication present an environment where multiple markers compete for expression and that the choice of marker depends on pragmatics. Perfective past viewpoint has four competing markers:  mIştI,  DI,  mIş and  mIştIr.  mIştI and  DI contrast in that -mIştI marks shared knowledge while -DI marks the speaker’s epistemic primacy.  mIş, on the other hand, only indicates that the speaker does not hold epistemic primacy. It is void of any assumptions regarding the addressee’s epistemic position. -mIştIr is the marker of choice if the speaker and the speech community share the knowledge of the past event and impose primacy over the addressee. Such a pragmatic classification allows us to treat the other markers competing for continuous aspect, iterative aspect, and nominal predication. These are -Ar and -yor with verbal predicates, and -DIr and -∅ with nominal predicates.</p></abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <trans-abstract xml:lang="tr">
                            <p>Bu çalışma Türkçedeki sekiz Görünüş/Kip/Zaman belirleyicisini kullanımbilimsel işlevleri açısından incelemektedir. Çalışmanın temel iddiası üç görünüş-zamansal durumun ve adcıl yüklemlemenin birden fazla belirleyicinin mümkün olduğu bir bağlam oluşturduğu ve bu durumlarda seçimin kullanımbilimsel olarak yapıldığıdır. Bitmişlik geçmiş zaman durumunun dört belirleyicisi bulunmaktadır. Bunlar  mIştI,  DI,  mIş ve  mIştIr ekleridir.  mIştI ve -DI karşıtlığında  mIştI paylaşılan bilgiyi işaretlerken -DI konuşucunun bilgisel önceliğini göstermektedir. -mIş ise sadece konuşucunun bilgisel önceliğe sahip olmadığını göstermektedir. Bu ek dinleyicinin bilgisel konumu açısından herhangi bir varsayım işaretlememektedir.  mIştIr ise konuşucunun geçmiş olayla ilgili bilgiyi konuşucu topluluğuyla paylaştığı ve dinleyici karşısında bu iki katılımcının birlikte bilgisel önceliğe sahip olduğu durumlarda kullanılmaktadır. Bu kullanımsal sınıflandırma ayrıca sürme ve tekrar etme görünüşü ile adcıl yüklemlemede de görülmektedir. Bu durumlarda ekler eylemcil yüklemlerde -Ar ve -yor, adcıl yüklemlerde ise -DIr ve -∅ ekleridir.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                            <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Turkish evidentiality</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  epistemic primacy</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  shared knowledge</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  intersubjectivity</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  complex epistemic perspective</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                        
                                                                            <kwd-group xml:lang="tr">
                                                    <kwd>tanıtsallık</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  bilgisel öncelik</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  paylaşılan bilgi</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  kişilerarasılık</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  karmaşık bilgisel perspektif</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                            </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
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