Purely Morphological Mechanisms and Base Formation

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 30 Sayı: 2, 199 - 219, 26.12.2019

Aysun Kunduracı

https://doi.org/10.18492/dad.524923

Cited By: 1

Öz

This study concerns
itself with separationism (Beard, 1995) in Turkish and the need for
separationism in agglutinating languages as well. The study scrutinizes
morphomic (cf. Aronoff, 1994) derivations, which are devoid of semantics. In
the expression okuyucu ‘reader’, for
instance, there is no other (intermediate) meaning than the meaning of the root
oku- (read) and the target meaning of
okuyucu ‘reader: the doer of
reading’. However, the derivative includes one more formal item, -I with the output okuyu-, right before -CI
suffixation. In such formations, morphomic operations, which are motivated
morphologically and/or categorically, but not semantically, take place. The -I suffixation yielding derivatives like okuyu- as above has been misconceived as
a piece of suffixes following it, such as -CI
and -lI, i.e. *-ICI. Importantly however, affixations like -I contributes to understanding the nature of morphology: They
indicate (i) affixations without meaning, (ii) the existence of preforms, and
(iii) morphological base conditions. Morphomic operations, further, challenge
iconicity, which cognitive linguistic models, such as van Langendonck (2007),
are for when criticizing formal linguistics. Morphomic operations show that
grammar cannot depend on purely world concepts.

Anahtar Kelimeler

morphology, base, separationism, nominalization, derivation

Saltbiçim İşlemleri ve Taban Biçimleme

Öz

Bu çalışma Türkçede ayrıklık (separationism, Beard, 1995: anlam ve biçimin ayrı
düzlemselliği) ve ayrıklığın Türkçe gibi bitişimli dillerdeki önemi üzerinedir.
Çalışma, anlam içermeyen saltbiçimsel
(morphomic, Aronoff, 1994) türetimleri incelemektedir. Örneğin okuyucu sözcüğü, kök biçimin (oku-) anlamı ve amaçlanan çıktı anlam
‘okuyucu: okuma eylemini yapan’ dışında bir anlam içermese de, yapı, amaçlanan
anlamla etkileşen -CI eklenmesinden
önce bir biçim daha içermektedir: -I eklenmesi
ile okuyu-. Bu gibi oluşumlarda anlam
güdüsüz biçimsel işlemler devrededir, güdü yalnızca ulamsal ve biçimseldir.
Yukarıda okuyucu’dan önce elde edilen
okuyu- gibi türevlerdeki -I eklenmesi, alanyazınında fark edilmeyerek,
sonrasındaki -CI, -lI gibi eklerle birlikte algılanmıştır:
*-ICI gibi. Oysaki, -I gibi özerk eklenmeler, biçimyapısı
açısından önemlidir: (i) Anlam-biçim ayrıklığını, (ii) bağımlı ön/arabiçimleri
ve (iii) biçimyapısının taban koşullarını ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Saltbiçimsel
işlemler, ayrıca, kimi bilişsel dilbilim modellerinin (örn. van Langendonck, 2007) biçimsel dilbilim
modellerini eleştirirken değindiği görüntüsellik ilkesine de açıkça aykırıdır;
dilin yapısının dünya kavramlarına bağımlı olmadığı,  kendine özgü olduğu anlaşılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

biçimbilim, taban, ayrıklık, adlaşma, türetim

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