Use of allelopathic plant extract with herbicide

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 32 Sayı: 2, 225 - 236, 28.12.2015

Ahmet Serim , Nuran Güzel , İstem Türktemel

Öz

Herbicides are one of the plant protection products that have been discussed due to their adversely effects caused by the usage of them although they have an important role on the sustainability of crop production. Researches on the plant protection practices, such as the development of new herbicide application techniques, the reduction of the application rate, the use of adjuvant, changing herbicide application  time  and  the  use  of   allelopathic  plant  extract,  and the applications based on the results of these research have increased in recent years. The cost of weed control may exceed the economic benefits because a large amount of plant extract is needed to control weeds alone with allelopathic chemicals. Using the mixture of plant extracts with the reduced rate of herbicides is important both to reduce environmental and economic losses and to prevent some problem caused by use of herbicide. The extracts of plants which have got allelopathic character, such as sunflower, sorghum, brassica and rice, are commonly used for this aim. The aim of presented review is to emphasize the efficacy of allelopathic plant extract with herbicide to control weeds and its economical contribution.  

Anahtar Kelimeler

Allelopathy; Herbicide; Plant extract

Allelopatik bitki ekstraktları ile herbisitlerin kullanımı

Öz

Herbisitler, bitkisel üretimin sürdürülmesi için önemli rol oynamalarına karşın hatalı kullanımlarından kaynaklanan sorunlar nedeniyle zaman zaman sorgulanan bitki koruma ürünlerinden biridir. Son yıllarda yeni herbisit uygulama tekniklerinin geliştirilmesi, herbisit dozunun düşürülmesi, yardımcı tarımsal kimyasalların kullanımı, herbisit uygulama zamanının değiştirilmesi ve allelopatik bitki ekstraktlarının kullanılması gibi yabancı ot kontrol yöntemlerine yönelik araştırmalar ve bu araştırmaların sonuçlarına göre de uygulamalar artmaktadır. Yabancı ot mücadelesi sadece allelopatik kimyasallarla yapılmak istendiğinde yüksek hacimlerde bitki ekstraktına ihtiyaç duyulacağı için ekonomik olmaktan çıkabilmektedir. Bitki ekstrakt karışımlarının herbisitlerin düşük dozları ile birlikte kullanılması hem çevresel ve ekonomik zararın azaltılması hem de dayanıklılık gibi herbisit kullanımından kaynaklanan bazı sorunların önüne geçilmesi bakımından önemlidir. Allelopatik özelliğe sahip ayçiçeği, kanyaş, kanola ve çeltik gibi bitkilerin ekstraktları bu amaçla yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu derlemede amaç allelopatik bitki ekstraktları ile herbisit karışımlarının yabancı ot mücadelesindeki etkinliğini ve ekonomik açıdan katkılarını vurgulamaktır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Allelopati; Herbisit; Bitki ekstraktı

Kaynakça

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