Review
BibTex RIS Cite
Year 2018, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 11 - 17, 27.12.2018

Abstract

References

  • References
  • 1. Özkara A, Akyıl D, Konuk M. 2016. Pesticides, environmental pollution, and health (Chapter 1), Environmental Health Risk - Hazardous Factors to Living Species, M. L. Larramendy and S. Soloneski (Eds), 3-29.2. Pastor S, Creus A, Parrón T, Cebulska-Wasilewska A, Siffel C, Piperakis S, Marcos R. 2003. Biomonitoring of four European populations occupationally exposed to pesticides: Use of micronuclei as biomarkers, Mutagenesis. 18(3): 249–258.3. WWF, TOXIC CHEMICALS. http://wwf.panda.org/about_our_earth/teacher_ resources/webfieldtrips/toxics/. 4. EUROSTAT, http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/tgm/table.do?tab=table&init=1& plugin=1&language=en&pcode=ten00011.5. Gavrilescu M, Demnerova K, Aamand J, Agathos S, Fava F. 2015. Emerging pollutants in the environment: present and future challenges in biomonitoring, ecological risks and bioremediation, New Biotechnology. 32(1): 147-156.6. Gavrilescu M. 2010. Environmental biotechnology: achievements, opportunities and challenges, Dynamic Biochemistry Process Biotechnology and Molecular Biology. 4:1–36.7. Santos M A. 1990. Managing planet earth: Perspectives on population, ecology, and the law, Bergin and Garvey, Westport Connecticut, Newyork, 44. 8. Delaplane K S. 2000. Pesticide usage in the United States: History, benefits, risks, and trends,” Cooperative Extension Service, The University of Georgia, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Bulletin 1121/Reprinted November, 2000. http://pubs.caes.uga.edu/caespubs/pubs/PDF/B1121.pdf2000.9. Venkatraman P T. 2009. Pathways of organic chemical contamination in ecosystems, Environmental and Ecological Chemistry. 3:85-104. 10. Patra R C, Swarup D. 2000. Effect of lead on erythrocytic antioxidant defense, lipid peroxide level and thiol groups in calves, Research in Veterinary Science. 68:71–74. 11. Ahmed D E. 2007. Environmental pollution and its impact on human and animal health: A review, The Sudan Journal of Veterinary Research. 22: 37-46.12. Borsos E, Makra L, Béczi R, Vitányi B, Szentpéteri M. 2003. Anthropogenic air pollution in the ancient times, Acta Climatologica et Chorologica. 36-37.13. Hong S, Candelone J P, Patterson C C, Boutron C F. 1996. History of ancient copper smelting pollution during Roman and medieval times recorded in Greenland ice, Science. 272: 246–249.14. McNeill J R. 2000. Something new under the sun. An environmental history of the 20th century world, Geographical Review. 90(1): 147-149. 15. Markham A. 1995. A Brief History of Pollution, Earthscan, London. Halliday.16. Davis D L, Bell M L, Fletcher T. 2002. A look back at the London smog of 1952 and the half century since, Environmental Health Perspective. 110:734–735.17. Colborn T, Vom Saal A M, Soto A M.1993. Developmental effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals in wildlife and human, Environmental Health Perspective. 101: 378–384.18. Rhind S M. 2009. Anthropogenic pollutants: a threat to ecosystem sustainability?, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. 364:3391–3401.19. Humphreys D J. 1991. Effects of exposure to excessive quantities of lead on animals, British Veerinary Journal. 147(1): 18-30.20. Popescu F, Ionel I. 2010. Anthropogenic air pollution sources, air quality, A. Kumar, (Ed.), ISBN: 978-953-307-131-2, InTech, Available from: http://www.intechopen.com/books/airquality/ anthropogenic-air-pollution-sources.21. Royal S. 2008. Ground-level ozone in the 21st century: Future trends, impacts and policy implications, Science Policy Report. 22. Ehhalt D, Prather M. 2001. Atmospheric chemistry and greenhouse gases. Climate Change 2001, The Scientific Basis, Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press: 239-287.23. Sitch S, Cox P M, Collins W J, Huntingford C. 2007. Indirect radiative forcing of climate change through ozone effects on the land-carbon sink, Nature. 448:791-794.24. Hadina S, Vucemilo D, Tofant A, Matkovic K. 2001. Effect of ammonia on environment and animal health, Stocarstvo. 55:187-193.25. Persson L, Arvidson A, Lannerstad M, Lindskog H, Morrissey T, Nilsson L, Noel S, Senyagwa J. 2010. Impacts of pollution on ecosystem services for the millennium development goals, Stockholm Environment Institute. 26. Emberson L D, Ashmore M, Murray F. 2003. Air pollution impact on crops and forests: A global assessment, Imperial College Press. London.27. Raghav M, Eden S, Mitchell K, Witte B. 2013.Water resources research center, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona.28. Stuart M E, Manamsa K, Talbot J C, Crane E J. 2011. Emerging contaminants in groundwater, British Geological Survey Open Report. 29. Kümmerer K. 2009. The presence of pharmaceuticals in the environment due to human use-present knowledge and future challenges, Journal of Environmental Management. 90:2354-66. 30. Pal A, Gin K Y, Lin A Y, Reinhard M. 2010. Impacts of emerging organic contaminants on freshwater resources: Review of recent occurrences, sources, fate and effects, Science of the Total Environment. 408: 6062-6069. 31. Spliid N H, Køppen B. 1998. Occurrence of pesticides in Danish shallow groundwater, Chemosphere. 37(7):1307-1316. 32. Tappe W, Groeneweg J, Jantsch B. 2002. Diffuse atrazine pollution in German aquifers, Biodegradation. 13(1):3-10.33. Richardson M L, Bowron J M. 1985. The fate of pharmaceutical chemicals in the aquatic environment, Journal of Pharmacology. 37:1-12. 34. Barnes K, Kolpin D W, Furlong E T, Zaugg S D, Meyer M T, Barber L B. 2008. A national reconnaissance of pharmaceuticals and other organic wastewater contaminants in the United States- I. groundwater, Science of the Total Environment. 402:192-200. 35. Caracciolo A B, Patrolecco L, Lenola M D, Battaglia A, Grenni P. 2012. Degradation of emerging pollutants in aquatic ecosystems, Chemical Engineeriıng Transactions. 28.36. Verliefde A, Cornelissen E, Amy G, Van der Bruggen B, van Dijk H. 2007. Priority organic micropollutants in water sources in Flanders and the Netherlands and assessment of removal possibilities with nanofiltration, Environmental Pollution. 146:281-289. 37. Godfrey E, Woessner W W, Benotti M J. 2007. Pharmaceuticals in on-site sewage effluent and ground water, Western Montana, Ground Water. 45:263–71. 38. Teijon G, Candela L, Tamoh K, Molina-Díaz A, Fernández-Alba A R. 2010.Occurrence of emerging contaminants, priority substances (2008/105/CE) and heavy metals in treated wastewater and groundwater at Depurbaix facility (Barcelona,Spain), Science of the Total Environment. 408:3584-95. 39. Mishra R K, Mohammad N, Roychoudhury N. 2016. Soil pollution: Causes, effects and control, Van Sangyan. 3(1). 40. Facchinelli A, Sacchi E, Mallen L. 2001. Multivariate statistical and GIS-based approach to identify heavy metal sources in soils, Environmental Pollution. 114:313–24.41. Solgi E, Esmaili-Sari A, Riyahi-Bakhtiari A, Hadipour M. 2012. Soil contamination ofmetals in the three industrial estates, Arak, Iran, Bulletin Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 88:634–638. 42. Chen H M, Zheng C R, Tu C, Zhu Y G. 1999. Heavy metal pollution in soils in China: status and countermeasures, Ambio. 130–144.43. Wang Q R, Dong Y, Cui Y, Liu X. 2001. Instances of soil and crop heavy metal contamination in China, Soil Sediment Contamination. 10:497–510. 44. Wei B G, Yang L S. 2010. A reviewof heavymetal contaminations in urban soils, urban road dusts and agricultural soils from China, Microchemical Journal. 94: 99–107. 45. Li Z, Ma Z, van der Kuijp T J, Yuan Z, Huang L. 2014. A reviewof soil heavy metal pollution frommines in China: Pollution and health risk assessment, Science of the Total Environment. 468(469):843–853. 46. Shayler H, McBride M, Harrison E. 2009. Sources and impacts of contaminants in soils, Cornell Waste Management Institute, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences. 47. Censi P, Spoto S E, Saiano F, Sprovieri M, Mazzola S, Nardone G. 2006. Heavy metals in coastal water systems. A case study from the northwestern Gulf of Thailand, Chemosphere. 64(7):1167-76. 48. Roozbahani M M, Sobhanardakani S, Karimi H, Sorooshnia R. 2015. Natural and anthropogenic source of heavy metals pollution in the soil samples of an industrial complex; a case study, Iranian Journal of Toxicology. 9(29). 49. Nabulo G, Young S D, Black C R. 2010. Assessing risk to human health from tropical leafy vegetables grown on contaminated urban soils, Sciences of Total Environmental. 408:(53): 38–51. 50. Abou-Arab A. 2001. Heavy metal contents in Egyptian meat and the role of detergent washing on their levels, Food and Chemical Toxicology. 39(6):593–599. 51. Liu Y, Li S, Ni Z, Qu M, Zhong D, Ye C. 2016. Fubin Tang pesticides in persimmons, jujubes and soil from China: Residue levels, risk assessment and relationship between fruits and soils, Science of the Total Environment. 542:620–628. 51. Liu Z P. 2003. Lead poisoning combined with cadmium in sheep and horses in the vicinity of non-ferrous metal smelters, Science of the Total Environment. 309:117-126. 52. Fergusson J E. 1990. The Heavy Elements, Chemistry, Environmental Impact and Health Effects. London: Pergamon Press; p. 614. 53. Msaky J J, Calvert R, 1990. Adsorption behavior of copperandzinc in soils: influence of pH on adsorption characteristics, Soil Science. 150(2):513-22. 54. Zhang C, Yu Z, Zeng G. 2014. Effects of sediment geochemical properties on heavy metal bioavailability, Environment International. 73:270-281. 55. Yargholi B, Azimi A A, Baghvand A, Liaghat A M, Fardi G A. 2008. Investigation of cadmium absorption and accumulation in different parts of some vegetables, American-Eurasian Journal Agricultural Environmental Science. 3(3):357-364.56. Żukowska J, Biziuk M. 2008. Methodological evaluation of method for dietary heavy metal intake, Journal of Food Science. 1–9. 57. Zurera-Cosano G, Moreno-Rojas R, Salmeron-Egea J, Pozo Lora R. 1989. Heavy metal uptake from greenhouse border soils for edible vegetables, Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 49(3):307-314. 58. Cambra K, Martínez T, Urzelai A, Alonso E. 1999. Risk analysis of a farm area near a lead- and cadmium-contaminated industrial site, Journal of Soil Contamination. 8(5):527-540. 59. Wegrzyn E, Grzeskiewicz S, Poplawska W, Glod B K. 2006. Modified analytical method for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, using sec for sample preparation and RP-HPLC with fluorescence detection application to different food samples, Acta Chromatographica. 17:233. 60. Moon H B, Kim H S, Choi M, Choi H G. 2010. Intake and potential health risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons associated with sea food consumption in Korea from 2005 to 2007, Archives of Environmental Contamination Toxicology. 58:(1):214–221. 61. Ghasemzadeh-Mohammadi V, Mohammadi A, Hashemi M, Khaksar R, Haratian P. 2012. Micro wave assisted extraction and dispersive liquid–liquid micro extraction followed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry for isolation and determination of polycyclicaromatic hydrocarbons in smoked fish, Journal of Chromatographica A. 1237:30-36. 62. Bansal V, Kim K. 2015. Review of PAH contamination in food products and their health hazards, Environment International. 84:26–38. 63. Motelay-Massei A, Garban B, Tiphagne-Larcher K, Chevreuil M, Ollivon D. 2006. Mass balance for polycyclic aromatic ydrocarbons in the urban water shed of Le Havre (France): transport and fate of PAHs from the atmosphere to the outlet, Water Research. 40:1995–2006.63. Xia Z, Duan X, Tao S. 2013. Pollution level, inhalation exposure and lung cancer risk of ambient atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Taiyuan, China, Environmental Pollution. 173:150–156. 64. Grube A, Donaldson D, Kiely T, Wu L. 2011. Pesticides industry sales and usage: 2006 and 2007 market estimates. Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.64. Oros D R, Ross J R M, Spies R B, Mumley T. 2007. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contamination in San Francisco Bay: a 10-year retrospective of monitoring in an urbanized estuary, Environment Research. 105:101-118. 65. Lozowicka B, Kaczynski P, Paritova A. E. 2014. Pesticide residues in grain from Kazakhstan and potential health risks associated withe xposure to detected pesticides, Food and Chemical Toxicology. 64:238–248.66. Skretteberg L G, Lyran B, Holen B. 2015. Pesticide residues in food of plant origin from SoutheastAsia-A Nordic Project, Food Control. 51:225-235. 67. Malone R W, Ahuja L R, Ma L, DonWauchope R, Ma Q, Rojas K W. 2004. Application of the root zone water quality model (RZWQM) to pesticide fate and transport: An overview, Pest Management Science. 60(3):205-221. 68. Lefrancq M, Imfeld G, Payraudeau S, Millet M. 2013. Kresoximmethyl deposition, driftand run off in a vineyard catchment, Science of the Total Environment. 442:503-508. 69. Scholtz M T, Voldner E, McMillan A C, Van Heyst B J. 2002. A pesticide emission model (PEM).Part I Model development, Atmospheric Environment. 36:5005–5013. 70. Dich J, Zahm S H, Hanberg A, Adami H O. 1997. Pesticides and cancer, Cancer Causes & Control. 8(3):420–443. 71. Bressa G, Sisti E, Cima F. 1997. PCBs and organochlorinated pesticides in eel (Anguilla anguilla L.) from the Po Delta, Marine Chemistry. 58(3):261–266. 72. Kolpin D W, Barbash J E, Gilliom R J. 1998. Occurrence of pesticides in shallow groundwater of the United States: Initial results from the National Water-Quality Assessment Program, Environmental Science and Technology, 32(5):558–566. 73. Ouyang W, Cai G, Huang W, Hao F. 2016.Temporal-spatialloss of diffuse pesticide and potential risks for water quality in China, Science of the Total Environment. 541:551–558. 74. Tsakiris I N, Goumenou M, Tzatzarakis M N. 2015. Risk assessment for children exposed to DDT residues in various milk types from the Greek market, Food and Chemical Toxicology. 75:156–165. 75. Shoiful A, Fujita H, Watanabe I, Honda K. 2013. Concentrations of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) residues in food stuffs collected from traditional markets in Indonesia, Chemosphere. 90:1742–1750. 76. Larson S J, Capel P D, Majewski M S. 1997. Pesticides in surface waters-distribution, trends, and governing factors, In: Series of Pesticides in Hydrologic System. Gilliom RJ (ed.). AnnArborPress, Chelsea, Michigan, p. 3. 77. Brewer R. 1979. Principles of Ecology, Saunders College Publishing Philadelphia. 249-258. 78. Arias-Estevez M, Lopez-Periago E, Martinez-Carballo E, Simal-Gandara J, Mejuto J C, Garcia-Rio L. 2008. Themobility and degradation of pesticides in soils and the pollution of ground water resources, Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment. 123:247–260. 79. Mandrich L. 2014. Endocrine disrupters: the hazards for human health, Cloning & Transgenesis. 3:1.80. Mostafalou S, Abdollahi M. 2013. Pesticides and human chronic diseases: Evidences, mechanisms, and perspectives, Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. 268:157–177. 81. Merhi M, Raynal H, Cahuzac E, Vinson F, Cravedi J P, Gamet-Payrastre L. 2007. Occupational exposure to pesticides and risk of hematopoietic cancers: Meta analysis of case-control studies, Cancer Causes & Control. 18:1209–1226. 82. Akyıl D, Özkara A, Erdoğmuş S F, Eren Y, Konuk M, Sağlam E. 2015.Micronucleus assay in human lymphocytes after exposure to Alloxydim sodium herbicide in vitro, Cytotechnology. 67:1059–1066. 83. Hoi P V, Mol A P J, Oosterveer P. 2013. State governance of pesticides use and trade in Vietnam, Wageningen Journal of Life Sciences. 67:19–26. 84. Akyıl D, Özkara A, Erdoğmuş S F, Eren Y, Konuk M, Sağlam E. 2015. Evaluation of cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of benodanil by using Allium and micronucleus assays, Drug and Chemical Toxicology. 3:1–6. 85. Eren Y, Erdoğmuş S F, Akyıl D, Özkara A. 2014. Mutagenic and cytotoxic activities of benfuracarb insecticide, Cytotechnology. 1–7. 86. Özkara A, Akyıl D, Eren Y, Erdoğmuş S F, Konuk M, Sağlam E. 2015.Assessment of cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of pyracarbolid by Allium test and micronucleus assay, Drug and Chemical Toxicology. 38(3):337–341. 87. Eddleston M, Phillips M R. 2004. Self poisoning with pesticides, BMJ Public Health. 328:42-44. 88. Gunnell M, Eddleston M, Phillips M R, Konradsen F. 2007. The global distribution of fatal pesticide self-poisoning: Systematic review, BMC Public Health. 7:357.

Environmental Pollution and the Effects of the Pollutants on the Ecosystem

Year 2018, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 11 - 17, 27.12.2018

Abstract




Abstract




One of the
greatest problems that the world is facing today is that of environmental
pollution
, increasing with every passing year and causing grave and
irreparable damage to the earth. Pollutants emerge from various anthropogenic
sources in ecosystem and are distributed throughout environmental matrices.
There are different types of pollutant e.g. heavy metal, pesticides, industrial
compounds, personal care products, poisonous gases and PAHs. These pollutants
may be mobile and persistent in water, air, soil and sediments even at low
concentrations.
Pollution must be taken
seriously, as it has a negative effect on natural elements that are an absolute
need for life to exist on earth, such as water and air. For these reasons, t
he purpose of
this publication is to explain types of pollutions and the effects of the pollutants on the ecosystem.




References

  • References
  • 1. Özkara A, Akyıl D, Konuk M. 2016. Pesticides, environmental pollution, and health (Chapter 1), Environmental Health Risk - Hazardous Factors to Living Species, M. L. Larramendy and S. Soloneski (Eds), 3-29.2. Pastor S, Creus A, Parrón T, Cebulska-Wasilewska A, Siffel C, Piperakis S, Marcos R. 2003. Biomonitoring of four European populations occupationally exposed to pesticides: Use of micronuclei as biomarkers, Mutagenesis. 18(3): 249–258.3. WWF, TOXIC CHEMICALS. http://wwf.panda.org/about_our_earth/teacher_ resources/webfieldtrips/toxics/. 4. EUROSTAT, http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/tgm/table.do?tab=table&init=1& plugin=1&language=en&pcode=ten00011.5. Gavrilescu M, Demnerova K, Aamand J, Agathos S, Fava F. 2015. Emerging pollutants in the environment: present and future challenges in biomonitoring, ecological risks and bioremediation, New Biotechnology. 32(1): 147-156.6. Gavrilescu M. 2010. Environmental biotechnology: achievements, opportunities and challenges, Dynamic Biochemistry Process Biotechnology and Molecular Biology. 4:1–36.7. Santos M A. 1990. Managing planet earth: Perspectives on population, ecology, and the law, Bergin and Garvey, Westport Connecticut, Newyork, 44. 8. Delaplane K S. 2000. Pesticide usage in the United States: History, benefits, risks, and trends,” Cooperative Extension Service, The University of Georgia, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Bulletin 1121/Reprinted November, 2000. http://pubs.caes.uga.edu/caespubs/pubs/PDF/B1121.pdf2000.9. Venkatraman P T. 2009. Pathways of organic chemical contamination in ecosystems, Environmental and Ecological Chemistry. 3:85-104. 10. Patra R C, Swarup D. 2000. Effect of lead on erythrocytic antioxidant defense, lipid peroxide level and thiol groups in calves, Research in Veterinary Science. 68:71–74. 11. Ahmed D E. 2007. Environmental pollution and its impact on human and animal health: A review, The Sudan Journal of Veterinary Research. 22: 37-46.12. Borsos E, Makra L, Béczi R, Vitányi B, Szentpéteri M. 2003. Anthropogenic air pollution in the ancient times, Acta Climatologica et Chorologica. 36-37.13. Hong S, Candelone J P, Patterson C C, Boutron C F. 1996. History of ancient copper smelting pollution during Roman and medieval times recorded in Greenland ice, Science. 272: 246–249.14. McNeill J R. 2000. Something new under the sun. An environmental history of the 20th century world, Geographical Review. 90(1): 147-149. 15. Markham A. 1995. A Brief History of Pollution, Earthscan, London. Halliday.16. Davis D L, Bell M L, Fletcher T. 2002. A look back at the London smog of 1952 and the half century since, Environmental Health Perspective. 110:734–735.17. Colborn T, Vom Saal A M, Soto A M.1993. Developmental effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals in wildlife and human, Environmental Health Perspective. 101: 378–384.18. Rhind S M. 2009. Anthropogenic pollutants: a threat to ecosystem sustainability?, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. 364:3391–3401.19. Humphreys D J. 1991. Effects of exposure to excessive quantities of lead on animals, British Veerinary Journal. 147(1): 18-30.20. Popescu F, Ionel I. 2010. Anthropogenic air pollution sources, air quality, A. Kumar, (Ed.), ISBN: 978-953-307-131-2, InTech, Available from: http://www.intechopen.com/books/airquality/ anthropogenic-air-pollution-sources.21. Royal S. 2008. Ground-level ozone in the 21st century: Future trends, impacts and policy implications, Science Policy Report. 22. Ehhalt D, Prather M. 2001. Atmospheric chemistry and greenhouse gases. Climate Change 2001, The Scientific Basis, Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press: 239-287.23. Sitch S, Cox P M, Collins W J, Huntingford C. 2007. Indirect radiative forcing of climate change through ozone effects on the land-carbon sink, Nature. 448:791-794.24. Hadina S, Vucemilo D, Tofant A, Matkovic K. 2001. Effect of ammonia on environment and animal health, Stocarstvo. 55:187-193.25. Persson L, Arvidson A, Lannerstad M, Lindskog H, Morrissey T, Nilsson L, Noel S, Senyagwa J. 2010. Impacts of pollution on ecosystem services for the millennium development goals, Stockholm Environment Institute. 26. Emberson L D, Ashmore M, Murray F. 2003. Air pollution impact on crops and forests: A global assessment, Imperial College Press. London.27. Raghav M, Eden S, Mitchell K, Witte B. 2013.Water resources research center, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona.28. Stuart M E, Manamsa K, Talbot J C, Crane E J. 2011. Emerging contaminants in groundwater, British Geological Survey Open Report. 29. Kümmerer K. 2009. The presence of pharmaceuticals in the environment due to human use-present knowledge and future challenges, Journal of Environmental Management. 90:2354-66. 30. Pal A, Gin K Y, Lin A Y, Reinhard M. 2010. Impacts of emerging organic contaminants on freshwater resources: Review of recent occurrences, sources, fate and effects, Science of the Total Environment. 408: 6062-6069. 31. Spliid N H, Køppen B. 1998. Occurrence of pesticides in Danish shallow groundwater, Chemosphere. 37(7):1307-1316. 32. Tappe W, Groeneweg J, Jantsch B. 2002. Diffuse atrazine pollution in German aquifers, Biodegradation. 13(1):3-10.33. Richardson M L, Bowron J M. 1985. The fate of pharmaceutical chemicals in the aquatic environment, Journal of Pharmacology. 37:1-12. 34. Barnes K, Kolpin D W, Furlong E T, Zaugg S D, Meyer M T, Barber L B. 2008. A national reconnaissance of pharmaceuticals and other organic wastewater contaminants in the United States- I. groundwater, Science of the Total Environment. 402:192-200. 35. Caracciolo A B, Patrolecco L, Lenola M D, Battaglia A, Grenni P. 2012. Degradation of emerging pollutants in aquatic ecosystems, Chemical Engineeriıng Transactions. 28.36. Verliefde A, Cornelissen E, Amy G, Van der Bruggen B, van Dijk H. 2007. Priority organic micropollutants in water sources in Flanders and the Netherlands and assessment of removal possibilities with nanofiltration, Environmental Pollution. 146:281-289. 37. Godfrey E, Woessner W W, Benotti M J. 2007. Pharmaceuticals in on-site sewage effluent and ground water, Western Montana, Ground Water. 45:263–71. 38. Teijon G, Candela L, Tamoh K, Molina-Díaz A, Fernández-Alba A R. 2010.Occurrence of emerging contaminants, priority substances (2008/105/CE) and heavy metals in treated wastewater and groundwater at Depurbaix facility (Barcelona,Spain), Science of the Total Environment. 408:3584-95. 39. Mishra R K, Mohammad N, Roychoudhury N. 2016. Soil pollution: Causes, effects and control, Van Sangyan. 3(1). 40. Facchinelli A, Sacchi E, Mallen L. 2001. Multivariate statistical and GIS-based approach to identify heavy metal sources in soils, Environmental Pollution. 114:313–24.41. Solgi E, Esmaili-Sari A, Riyahi-Bakhtiari A, Hadipour M. 2012. Soil contamination ofmetals in the three industrial estates, Arak, Iran, Bulletin Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 88:634–638. 42. Chen H M, Zheng C R, Tu C, Zhu Y G. 1999. Heavy metal pollution in soils in China: status and countermeasures, Ambio. 130–144.43. Wang Q R, Dong Y, Cui Y, Liu X. 2001. Instances of soil and crop heavy metal contamination in China, Soil Sediment Contamination. 10:497–510. 44. Wei B G, Yang L S. 2010. A reviewof heavymetal contaminations in urban soils, urban road dusts and agricultural soils from China, Microchemical Journal. 94: 99–107. 45. Li Z, Ma Z, van der Kuijp T J, Yuan Z, Huang L. 2014. A reviewof soil heavy metal pollution frommines in China: Pollution and health risk assessment, Science of the Total Environment. 468(469):843–853. 46. Shayler H, McBride M, Harrison E. 2009. Sources and impacts of contaminants in soils, Cornell Waste Management Institute, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences. 47. Censi P, Spoto S E, Saiano F, Sprovieri M, Mazzola S, Nardone G. 2006. Heavy metals in coastal water systems. A case study from the northwestern Gulf of Thailand, Chemosphere. 64(7):1167-76. 48. Roozbahani M M, Sobhanardakani S, Karimi H, Sorooshnia R. 2015. Natural and anthropogenic source of heavy metals pollution in the soil samples of an industrial complex; a case study, Iranian Journal of Toxicology. 9(29). 49. Nabulo G, Young S D, Black C R. 2010. Assessing risk to human health from tropical leafy vegetables grown on contaminated urban soils, Sciences of Total Environmental. 408:(53): 38–51. 50. Abou-Arab A. 2001. Heavy metal contents in Egyptian meat and the role of detergent washing on their levels, Food and Chemical Toxicology. 39(6):593–599. 51. Liu Y, Li S, Ni Z, Qu M, Zhong D, Ye C. 2016. Fubin Tang pesticides in persimmons, jujubes and soil from China: Residue levels, risk assessment and relationship between fruits and soils, Science of the Total Environment. 542:620–628. 51. Liu Z P. 2003. Lead poisoning combined with cadmium in sheep and horses in the vicinity of non-ferrous metal smelters, Science of the Total Environment. 309:117-126. 52. Fergusson J E. 1990. The Heavy Elements, Chemistry, Environmental Impact and Health Effects. London: Pergamon Press; p. 614. 53. Msaky J J, Calvert R, 1990. Adsorption behavior of copperandzinc in soils: influence of pH on adsorption characteristics, Soil Science. 150(2):513-22. 54. Zhang C, Yu Z, Zeng G. 2014. Effects of sediment geochemical properties on heavy metal bioavailability, Environment International. 73:270-281. 55. Yargholi B, Azimi A A, Baghvand A, Liaghat A M, Fardi G A. 2008. Investigation of cadmium absorption and accumulation in different parts of some vegetables, American-Eurasian Journal Agricultural Environmental Science. 3(3):357-364.56. Żukowska J, Biziuk M. 2008. Methodological evaluation of method for dietary heavy metal intake, Journal of Food Science. 1–9. 57. Zurera-Cosano G, Moreno-Rojas R, Salmeron-Egea J, Pozo Lora R. 1989. Heavy metal uptake from greenhouse border soils for edible vegetables, Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 49(3):307-314. 58. Cambra K, Martínez T, Urzelai A, Alonso E. 1999. Risk analysis of a farm area near a lead- and cadmium-contaminated industrial site, Journal of Soil Contamination. 8(5):527-540. 59. Wegrzyn E, Grzeskiewicz S, Poplawska W, Glod B K. 2006. Modified analytical method for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, using sec for sample preparation and RP-HPLC with fluorescence detection application to different food samples, Acta Chromatographica. 17:233. 60. Moon H B, Kim H S, Choi M, Choi H G. 2010. Intake and potential health risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons associated with sea food consumption in Korea from 2005 to 2007, Archives of Environmental Contamination Toxicology. 58:(1):214–221. 61. Ghasemzadeh-Mohammadi V, Mohammadi A, Hashemi M, Khaksar R, Haratian P. 2012. Micro wave assisted extraction and dispersive liquid–liquid micro extraction followed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry for isolation and determination of polycyclicaromatic hydrocarbons in smoked fish, Journal of Chromatographica A. 1237:30-36. 62. Bansal V, Kim K. 2015. Review of PAH contamination in food products and their health hazards, Environment International. 84:26–38. 63. Motelay-Massei A, Garban B, Tiphagne-Larcher K, Chevreuil M, Ollivon D. 2006. Mass balance for polycyclic aromatic ydrocarbons in the urban water shed of Le Havre (France): transport and fate of PAHs from the atmosphere to the outlet, Water Research. 40:1995–2006.63. Xia Z, Duan X, Tao S. 2013. Pollution level, inhalation exposure and lung cancer risk of ambient atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Taiyuan, China, Environmental Pollution. 173:150–156. 64. Grube A, Donaldson D, Kiely T, Wu L. 2011. Pesticides industry sales and usage: 2006 and 2007 market estimates. Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.64. Oros D R, Ross J R M, Spies R B, Mumley T. 2007. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contamination in San Francisco Bay: a 10-year retrospective of monitoring in an urbanized estuary, Environment Research. 105:101-118. 65. Lozowicka B, Kaczynski P, Paritova A. E. 2014. Pesticide residues in grain from Kazakhstan and potential health risks associated withe xposure to detected pesticides, Food and Chemical Toxicology. 64:238–248.66. Skretteberg L G, Lyran B, Holen B. 2015. Pesticide residues in food of plant origin from SoutheastAsia-A Nordic Project, Food Control. 51:225-235. 67. Malone R W, Ahuja L R, Ma L, DonWauchope R, Ma Q, Rojas K W. 2004. Application of the root zone water quality model (RZWQM) to pesticide fate and transport: An overview, Pest Management Science. 60(3):205-221. 68. Lefrancq M, Imfeld G, Payraudeau S, Millet M. 2013. Kresoximmethyl deposition, driftand run off in a vineyard catchment, Science of the Total Environment. 442:503-508. 69. Scholtz M T, Voldner E, McMillan A C, Van Heyst B J. 2002. A pesticide emission model (PEM).Part I Model development, Atmospheric Environment. 36:5005–5013. 70. Dich J, Zahm S H, Hanberg A, Adami H O. 1997. Pesticides and cancer, Cancer Causes & Control. 8(3):420–443. 71. Bressa G, Sisti E, Cima F. 1997. PCBs and organochlorinated pesticides in eel (Anguilla anguilla L.) from the Po Delta, Marine Chemistry. 58(3):261–266. 72. Kolpin D W, Barbash J E, Gilliom R J. 1998. Occurrence of pesticides in shallow groundwater of the United States: Initial results from the National Water-Quality Assessment Program, Environmental Science and Technology, 32(5):558–566. 73. Ouyang W, Cai G, Huang W, Hao F. 2016.Temporal-spatialloss of diffuse pesticide and potential risks for water quality in China, Science of the Total Environment. 541:551–558. 74. Tsakiris I N, Goumenou M, Tzatzarakis M N. 2015. Risk assessment for children exposed to DDT residues in various milk types from the Greek market, Food and Chemical Toxicology. 75:156–165. 75. Shoiful A, Fujita H, Watanabe I, Honda K. 2013. Concentrations of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) residues in food stuffs collected from traditional markets in Indonesia, Chemosphere. 90:1742–1750. 76. Larson S J, Capel P D, Majewski M S. 1997. Pesticides in surface waters-distribution, trends, and governing factors, In: Series of Pesticides in Hydrologic System. Gilliom RJ (ed.). AnnArborPress, Chelsea, Michigan, p. 3. 77. Brewer R. 1979. Principles of Ecology, Saunders College Publishing Philadelphia. 249-258. 78. Arias-Estevez M, Lopez-Periago E, Martinez-Carballo E, Simal-Gandara J, Mejuto J C, Garcia-Rio L. 2008. Themobility and degradation of pesticides in soils and the pollution of ground water resources, Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment. 123:247–260. 79. Mandrich L. 2014. Endocrine disrupters: the hazards for human health, Cloning & Transgenesis. 3:1.80. Mostafalou S, Abdollahi M. 2013. Pesticides and human chronic diseases: Evidences, mechanisms, and perspectives, Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. 268:157–177. 81. Merhi M, Raynal H, Cahuzac E, Vinson F, Cravedi J P, Gamet-Payrastre L. 2007. Occupational exposure to pesticides and risk of hematopoietic cancers: Meta analysis of case-control studies, Cancer Causes & Control. 18:1209–1226. 82. Akyıl D, Özkara A, Erdoğmuş S F, Eren Y, Konuk M, Sağlam E. 2015.Micronucleus assay in human lymphocytes after exposure to Alloxydim sodium herbicide in vitro, Cytotechnology. 67:1059–1066. 83. Hoi P V, Mol A P J, Oosterveer P. 2013. State governance of pesticides use and trade in Vietnam, Wageningen Journal of Life Sciences. 67:19–26. 84. Akyıl D, Özkara A, Erdoğmuş S F, Eren Y, Konuk M, Sağlam E. 2015. Evaluation of cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of benodanil by using Allium and micronucleus assays, Drug and Chemical Toxicology. 3:1–6. 85. Eren Y, Erdoğmuş S F, Akyıl D, Özkara A. 2014. Mutagenic and cytotoxic activities of benfuracarb insecticide, Cytotechnology. 1–7. 86. Özkara A, Akyıl D, Eren Y, Erdoğmuş S F, Konuk M, Sağlam E. 2015.Assessment of cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of pyracarbolid by Allium test and micronucleus assay, Drug and Chemical Toxicology. 38(3):337–341. 87. Eddleston M, Phillips M R. 2004. Self poisoning with pesticides, BMJ Public Health. 328:42-44. 88. Gunnell M, Eddleston M, Phillips M R, Konradsen F. 2007. The global distribution of fatal pesticide self-poisoning: Systematic review, BMC Public Health. 7:357.
There are 2 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Collection
Authors

Arzu Özkara

Dilek Akyıl

Publication Date December 27, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 11 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Özkara, A., & Akyıl, D. (2018). Environmental Pollution and the Effects of the Pollutants on the Ecosystem. Turkish Journal of Scientific Reviews, 11(2), 11-17.
AMA Özkara A, Akyıl D. Environmental Pollution and the Effects of the Pollutants on the Ecosystem. Turk.Bilimsel Derleme Derg. December 2018;11(2):11-17.
Chicago Özkara, Arzu, and Dilek Akyıl. “Environmental Pollution and the Effects of the Pollutants on the Ecosystem”. Turkish Journal of Scientific Reviews 11, no. 2 (December 2018): 11-17.
EndNote Özkara A, Akyıl D (December 1, 2018) Environmental Pollution and the Effects of the Pollutants on the Ecosystem. Turkish Journal of Scientific Reviews 11 2 11–17.
IEEE A. Özkara and D. Akyıl, “Environmental Pollution and the Effects of the Pollutants on the Ecosystem”, Turk.Bilimsel Derleme Derg., vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 11–17, 2018.
ISNAD Özkara, Arzu - Akyıl, Dilek. “Environmental Pollution and the Effects of the Pollutants on the Ecosystem”. Turkish Journal of Scientific Reviews 11/2 (December 2018), 11-17.
JAMA Özkara A, Akyıl D. Environmental Pollution and the Effects of the Pollutants on the Ecosystem. Turk.Bilimsel Derleme Derg. 2018;11:11–17.
MLA Özkara, Arzu and Dilek Akyıl. “Environmental Pollution and the Effects of the Pollutants on the Ecosystem”. Turkish Journal of Scientific Reviews, vol. 11, no. 2, 2018, pp. 11-17.
Vancouver Özkara A, Akyıl D. Environmental Pollution and the Effects of the Pollutants on the Ecosystem. Turk.Bilimsel Derleme Derg. 2018;11(2):11-7.