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Transpersonal Art Therapy Approach As A Field of The Experience of Spiritual Dimension

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 1, 137 - 155, 30.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.58852/dicd.1634475

Öz

The spiritual dimension, which encompasses both the self and the beyond-self, including the integrity of human existence, transcendence, high values and the search for meaning, is an abstract subject that is difficult to research. Art therapy practices, methods and techniques, which provide diagnosis, diagnosis and treatment by expressing the structures of the self through art, shed light on the examination of abstract structures that are difficult to investigate through experience and observation. When the literature is examined, it is seen that there is not enough research on experiencing the spiritual dimension addressed by the transpersonal art therapy approach, and as far as we can determine, it has not been found in our country. The research was conducted by literature review method. The aim of the research is to reflect that the transpersonal art therapy approach, practices, methods and techniques enable experiencing the diversity of the spiritual dimension and can help obtain information by embodying the reflections of the spiritual dimension in individuals. It is also to express that the integration of transpersonal theory with art can offer a field of diagnosis, discovery and experience about higher levels of consciousness and spiritual crises. In addition to these, it is to show that the approach can be an alternative method that can be used by spiritual counselors based on the approaches and research in the literature. In the light of research, it has been determined that this approach, accompanied by expressionist art, can facilitate the realization and experience of reflections of consciousness, aesthetic contemplation, leaps of consciousness, and higher states of consciousness, as well as being a method that can transform personality, transpersonal experiences, and existential crises in a healthy way.

Kaynakça

  • Allen, Pat B. Art Is a Way of Knowing. Boston: Shambhala, 1995.
  • Allen, Pat B. “Art Making as Spiritual Path”. Approaches To Art Therapy Theory And Technique Third Edition. Ed. Judith Aron Rubin. 292-306. New York and London:Routledge, 2016.
  • Ayten, Ali. Din Psikolojisi Dine ve Maneviyata Psikolojik Yaklaşımlar. İstanbul: İz Yayınları, 2017.
  • Bella, Kim A. - Serlin, Ilene A. “Expressive and Creative Arts Therapies”. The Wiley‐Blackwell Handbook of Transpersonal Psychology. Ed. Harris L. Friedman - Glenn Hartelius. 529-543. UK:Wiley, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118591277.ch29.
  • Cortright, Brant. Psychotherapy and Spirit: Theory and Practice in Transpersonal Psychotherapy. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1997.
  • Cunningham, P. F. Introduction to Transpersonal Psychology: Bridging Spirit and Science. New York: Routledge. 2022.
  • Farrelly-Hansen, Mimi. Spirituality and Art Therapy: Living the Connection. London ; New York: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 2001.
  • Franklin, Michael - Farrelly-Hansen, Mimi - Marek, Bernie - Swan-Foster, Nora - Wallingford, Sue. “Transpersonal Art Therapy Education”. Art Therapy 17/2 (Ocak 2000), 101-110. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421656.2000.10129507.
  • Franklin, Michael A. “Essence, Art, and Therapy: A Transpersonal View ©”. The Wiley Handbook of Art Therapy. Ed. David E. Gussak - Marcia L. Rosal. 1. Bs. 99-111 USA:Wiley, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118306543.ch10.
  • Frost, Seena B. Soulcollage Evolving: An İntuitive Collage Process For Self-discovery and Community. Santa Cruz, Calif: Hanford Mead Publishers, 2010.
  • Garai, Josef E. “New Horizons of Holistic Healing through Creative Expression”. Art Therapy 1/2 (Mayıs 1984): 76-82. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421656.1984.10758751.
  • Grof, Stanislav - Grof, Christina. Holotropic Breathwork: A New Approach to Self-Exploration and Therapy. Albany, NY: Excelsior Ed, 2010.
  • Grof, C., & Grof, S., "Spiritual emergency: The understanding and treatment of transpersonal crises". International Journal of Transpersonal Studies, 36/2 (2017).
  • Grof, Stanislav. Geleceğin Psikolojisi. çev. Sezer Soner. 1.Baskı. İstanbul: Ray Yayıncılık, 2014.
  • Guest, H. "The Origins of Transpersonal Psychology", British Journal of Psychotherapy,6/1 (2007),62-69.
  • Gürbüz, Sait ve Şahin, Faruk. Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri. Ankara: Seçkin, 5.Basım, 2018.
  • Halprin, Anna - Kaplan, Rachel. Moving Toward Life: Five Decades of Transformational Dance. Hanover: Wesleyan University Press, 1995.
  • Hartelius, Glenn - Caplan, Mariana - Rardin, Mary Anne. “Transpersonal Psychology: Defining the Past, Divining the Future”. The Humanistic Psychologist 35/2 (2007): 135-160. https://doi.org/10.1080/08873260701274017.
  • Hartelius, Glenn - Friedman, Harris L. - Pappas, James D. “The Calling to a Spiritual Psychology: Should Transpersonal Psychology Convert?” The Wiley‐Blackwell Handbook of Transpersonal Psychology. Ed. Harris L. Friedman - Glenn Hartelius. 1. Bs. 44-61. Wiley, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118591277.ch3.
  • Herman, Lisa. “Transpersonal Experience and the Arts: From the Chauvet Cave to Occupy Wall Street”. The Wiley‐Blackwell Handbook of Transpersonal Psychology. Ed. Harris L. Friedman - Glenn Hartelius. 1. Bs. 652-665. USA:Wiley, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118591277.ch37.
  • Horozcu, Ümit. "Psikedelig İlaçlar ve Mistik Deneyim: Mistik Deneyimin Kısa Yolu". İstanbul Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 28 (2013), 141-174.
  • Netzer, Dorit, Hofstra University “Mystical Poetry and Imagination: Inspiring Transpersonal Awareness of Spiritual Freedom”. International Journal of Transpersonal Studies 34/1-2 (01 Ocak 2015): 128-143. https://doi.org/10.24972/ijts.2015.34.1-2.128.
  • Judy, Dwight. “Transpersonal Psychology: Mapping Spiritual Experience”. Religions 2/4 (22 Kasım 2011): 649-658. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel2040649.
  • Jung, C. G. Analitik Psikoloji. çev.Gürol, Ender. 2. basım İstanbul: Payel Yayınları, 2006.
  • Keyes, Margaret Frings. Inward Journey: Art as Therapy. Rev. Ed. La Salle, Ill: Open Court, 1983.
  • Kossak, Mitchell S. “Therapeutic Attunement: A Transpersonal View of Expressive Arts Therapy”. The Arts in Psychotherapy 36/1 (Şubat 2009): 13-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2008.09.003.
  • Malchiodi, Cathy A (ed). Expressive therapies. New York: Guilford Press, 2007.
  • Malchiodi, Cathy A.(ed). Handbook of art therapy. New York: Guilford Press, 2003.
  • Maslow, Abraham H. Dinler,Değerler, Doruk Deneyimler. çev. Sönmez, H. Koray. İstanbul: Kuraldışı, 1996.
  • McNiff, Shaun. Integrating the Arts in Therapy: History, theory, and practice. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas, 2009.
  • Merter, N. Mustafa. Dokuz Yüz Katlı İnsan: Tasavvuf ve Benötesi Psikolojisi (Transpersonal Psikoloji). 10. basım, İstanbul: Kaknüs Yayınları, 2012.
  • Merter, N. Mustafa.Psikolojinin Üçüncü Boyutu: Nefs Psikolojisi ve Rüyaların Dili. İstanbul: Kaknüs Yayınları, 1. Basım, 2014.
  • Moon, Catherine Hyland. Studio Art Therapy Cultivating the Artist Identity in the Art Therapist. London; Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley, 2002.
  • Moon, Gary W. “Spiritual Direction: Meaning, Purpose, and Implications for Mental Health Professionals”. Journal of Psychology and Theology 30/4 (Aralık 2002): 264-275. https://doi.org/10.1177/009164710203000402.
  • Netzer, D. “Mystical poetry and imagination: Inspiring transpersonal awareness of spiritual freedom”. International Journal of Transpersonal Studies, 34,1/2, (2015) 128–143.
  • Nelson, Mary Carroll. Artists of the Spirit: New Prophets in Art and Mysticism. Sonoma, Calif: Arcus Pub. Co, 1994.
  • Rhyne, Janie. The Gestalt art experience. Monterey, Calif: Brooks/Cole Pub. Co, 1973.
  • Rubin, Judith Aron. Introduction to art therapy: sources & resources. New York: Brunner-Routledge, 2010.
  • Sky Hiltunen, S. M. Meditative Vail Painting: A Finnish Creative Arts Therapist’s Transpersonal Journey. Art Therapy, 23/2 (2006) 73–80. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421656.2006.10129641.
  • Somers, Barbara - McCormick, Elizabeth - Fletcher, Karyn. “The Centre for Transpersonal Psychology”. Self & Society 26/5 (Kasım 1998): 29-38. https://doi.org/10.1080/03060497.1998.11085887.
  • Strohl, James E. “Transpersonalism: Ego Meets Soul”. Journal of Counseling & Development 76/4 (Ekim 1998): 397-403. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6676.1998.tb02698.x.
  • Tart, Charles T. States of Consciousness. Authors Guild Backinprint ed. Lincoln, NE: iUniverse, 2000.
  • Tüfekçi, Çiğdem. Transpersonel Psikolojiye Göre Bilinçlilik Aşamaları ve Dini Tecrübe. Bursa: Uludağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 2004.
  • Washburn, Michael. The Ego and the Dynamic Ground: A Transpersonal Theory of Human Development. 2. ed., Rev. Albany, NY: State Univ. of New York Press, 1995.
  • Uysal, Saliha. Transpersonel Psikoloji ve Din. İstanbul:Marmara Üniversitesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 2007.
  • Vaughan, F. “Transpersonal psychotherapy: Context, Content and Process”. Journal of Transpersonal Psychology 11/2, (1979), 101-110.
  • Vaughan, F. “The Transpersonal Perspectıve: A Personal Overvıew”. The Journal of Transpersonal Psychology Vol.14/1 (1982),37-45.

Spiritüel Boyutu Deneyim Alanı Olarak Transpersonal Sanat Terapisi Yaklaşımı

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 1, 137 - 155, 30.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.58852/dicd.1634475

Öz

İnsan varlığının bütünlüğünü, aşkınlığını, yüksek değerlerini, anlam arayışını içeren hem benliği hem de ben ötesini kapsayan spiritüel boyut, araştırılması zor olan soyut bir konudur. Benliğin yapılarını sanat eşliğinde dışa vurarak tanı, teşhis ve sağaltım sağlayan sanat terapisi uygulama, yöntem ve teknikleri, araştırılması zor olan soyut yapıların deneyim ve gözlem yoluyla incelenmesine ışık tutmaktadır. Literatüre bakıldığında, transpersonal sanat terapisi yaklaşımıyla ele alınan spiritüel boyutu deneyimlemeye yönelik araştırmaların yeterli sayıda yapılmadığı görülmüş, ülkemizde ise tespit edebildiğimiz kadarıyla rastlanmamıştır. Araştırma, literatür tarama yöntemiyle yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın amacı, transpersonal sanat terapisi yaklaşımının, uygulama, yöntem ve tekniklerinin spiritüel boyutun çeşitliliğini deneyimlemeyi sağladığını, spiritüel boyutun bireylerdeki yansımalarını somutlaştırarak bilgi elde etmeye yardımcı olabileceğini yansıtmaktır. Ayrıca transpersonal teorinin sanatla bütünleşmesinin, bilincin yüksek seviyeleri ve spiritüel krizler hakkında tanı, keşif ve deneyim alanı sunabileceğini ifade etmektir. Bunlara ek olarak yaklaşımın manevi danışmanlar tarafından kullanılabilecek alternatif bir yöntem olabileceğini literatürdeki yaklaşım ve araştırmalardan hareketle göstermektir. Araştırmalar ışığında bu yaklaşımın dışavurumcu sanat eşliğiyle bilinç yansımalarını, estetik tefekkürü, bilinç sıçramalarını, yüksek bilinç hallerini fark etmeyi ve deneyimlemeyi kolaylaştırabileceğinin yanı sıra kişiliği, kişi ötesi deneyimleri ve varoluşsal krizleri sağlıklı şekilde dönüştürülebilen bir yöntem olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Etik Beyan

yok

Destekleyen Kurum

yok

Teşekkür

yok

Kaynakça

  • Allen, Pat B. Art Is a Way of Knowing. Boston: Shambhala, 1995.
  • Allen, Pat B. “Art Making as Spiritual Path”. Approaches To Art Therapy Theory And Technique Third Edition. Ed. Judith Aron Rubin. 292-306. New York and London:Routledge, 2016.
  • Ayten, Ali. Din Psikolojisi Dine ve Maneviyata Psikolojik Yaklaşımlar. İstanbul: İz Yayınları, 2017.
  • Bella, Kim A. - Serlin, Ilene A. “Expressive and Creative Arts Therapies”. The Wiley‐Blackwell Handbook of Transpersonal Psychology. Ed. Harris L. Friedman - Glenn Hartelius. 529-543. UK:Wiley, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118591277.ch29.
  • Cortright, Brant. Psychotherapy and Spirit: Theory and Practice in Transpersonal Psychotherapy. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1997.
  • Cunningham, P. F. Introduction to Transpersonal Psychology: Bridging Spirit and Science. New York: Routledge. 2022.
  • Farrelly-Hansen, Mimi. Spirituality and Art Therapy: Living the Connection. London ; New York: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 2001.
  • Franklin, Michael - Farrelly-Hansen, Mimi - Marek, Bernie - Swan-Foster, Nora - Wallingford, Sue. “Transpersonal Art Therapy Education”. Art Therapy 17/2 (Ocak 2000), 101-110. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421656.2000.10129507.
  • Franklin, Michael A. “Essence, Art, and Therapy: A Transpersonal View ©”. The Wiley Handbook of Art Therapy. Ed. David E. Gussak - Marcia L. Rosal. 1. Bs. 99-111 USA:Wiley, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118306543.ch10.
  • Frost, Seena B. Soulcollage Evolving: An İntuitive Collage Process For Self-discovery and Community. Santa Cruz, Calif: Hanford Mead Publishers, 2010.
  • Garai, Josef E. “New Horizons of Holistic Healing through Creative Expression”. Art Therapy 1/2 (Mayıs 1984): 76-82. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421656.1984.10758751.
  • Grof, Stanislav - Grof, Christina. Holotropic Breathwork: A New Approach to Self-Exploration and Therapy. Albany, NY: Excelsior Ed, 2010.
  • Grof, C., & Grof, S., "Spiritual emergency: The understanding and treatment of transpersonal crises". International Journal of Transpersonal Studies, 36/2 (2017).
  • Grof, Stanislav. Geleceğin Psikolojisi. çev. Sezer Soner. 1.Baskı. İstanbul: Ray Yayıncılık, 2014.
  • Guest, H. "The Origins of Transpersonal Psychology", British Journal of Psychotherapy,6/1 (2007),62-69.
  • Gürbüz, Sait ve Şahin, Faruk. Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri. Ankara: Seçkin, 5.Basım, 2018.
  • Halprin, Anna - Kaplan, Rachel. Moving Toward Life: Five Decades of Transformational Dance. Hanover: Wesleyan University Press, 1995.
  • Hartelius, Glenn - Caplan, Mariana - Rardin, Mary Anne. “Transpersonal Psychology: Defining the Past, Divining the Future”. The Humanistic Psychologist 35/2 (2007): 135-160. https://doi.org/10.1080/08873260701274017.
  • Hartelius, Glenn - Friedman, Harris L. - Pappas, James D. “The Calling to a Spiritual Psychology: Should Transpersonal Psychology Convert?” The Wiley‐Blackwell Handbook of Transpersonal Psychology. Ed. Harris L. Friedman - Glenn Hartelius. 1. Bs. 44-61. Wiley, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118591277.ch3.
  • Herman, Lisa. “Transpersonal Experience and the Arts: From the Chauvet Cave to Occupy Wall Street”. The Wiley‐Blackwell Handbook of Transpersonal Psychology. Ed. Harris L. Friedman - Glenn Hartelius. 1. Bs. 652-665. USA:Wiley, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118591277.ch37.
  • Horozcu, Ümit. "Psikedelig İlaçlar ve Mistik Deneyim: Mistik Deneyimin Kısa Yolu". İstanbul Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 28 (2013), 141-174.
  • Netzer, Dorit, Hofstra University “Mystical Poetry and Imagination: Inspiring Transpersonal Awareness of Spiritual Freedom”. International Journal of Transpersonal Studies 34/1-2 (01 Ocak 2015): 128-143. https://doi.org/10.24972/ijts.2015.34.1-2.128.
  • Judy, Dwight. “Transpersonal Psychology: Mapping Spiritual Experience”. Religions 2/4 (22 Kasım 2011): 649-658. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel2040649.
  • Jung, C. G. Analitik Psikoloji. çev.Gürol, Ender. 2. basım İstanbul: Payel Yayınları, 2006.
  • Keyes, Margaret Frings. Inward Journey: Art as Therapy. Rev. Ed. La Salle, Ill: Open Court, 1983.
  • Kossak, Mitchell S. “Therapeutic Attunement: A Transpersonal View of Expressive Arts Therapy”. The Arts in Psychotherapy 36/1 (Şubat 2009): 13-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2008.09.003.
  • Malchiodi, Cathy A (ed). Expressive therapies. New York: Guilford Press, 2007.
  • Malchiodi, Cathy A.(ed). Handbook of art therapy. New York: Guilford Press, 2003.
  • Maslow, Abraham H. Dinler,Değerler, Doruk Deneyimler. çev. Sönmez, H. Koray. İstanbul: Kuraldışı, 1996.
  • McNiff, Shaun. Integrating the Arts in Therapy: History, theory, and practice. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas, 2009.
  • Merter, N. Mustafa. Dokuz Yüz Katlı İnsan: Tasavvuf ve Benötesi Psikolojisi (Transpersonal Psikoloji). 10. basım, İstanbul: Kaknüs Yayınları, 2012.
  • Merter, N. Mustafa.Psikolojinin Üçüncü Boyutu: Nefs Psikolojisi ve Rüyaların Dili. İstanbul: Kaknüs Yayınları, 1. Basım, 2014.
  • Moon, Catherine Hyland. Studio Art Therapy Cultivating the Artist Identity in the Art Therapist. London; Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley, 2002.
  • Moon, Gary W. “Spiritual Direction: Meaning, Purpose, and Implications for Mental Health Professionals”. Journal of Psychology and Theology 30/4 (Aralık 2002): 264-275. https://doi.org/10.1177/009164710203000402.
  • Netzer, D. “Mystical poetry and imagination: Inspiring transpersonal awareness of spiritual freedom”. International Journal of Transpersonal Studies, 34,1/2, (2015) 128–143.
  • Nelson, Mary Carroll. Artists of the Spirit: New Prophets in Art and Mysticism. Sonoma, Calif: Arcus Pub. Co, 1994.
  • Rhyne, Janie. The Gestalt art experience. Monterey, Calif: Brooks/Cole Pub. Co, 1973.
  • Rubin, Judith Aron. Introduction to art therapy: sources & resources. New York: Brunner-Routledge, 2010.
  • Sky Hiltunen, S. M. Meditative Vail Painting: A Finnish Creative Arts Therapist’s Transpersonal Journey. Art Therapy, 23/2 (2006) 73–80. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421656.2006.10129641.
  • Somers, Barbara - McCormick, Elizabeth - Fletcher, Karyn. “The Centre for Transpersonal Psychology”. Self & Society 26/5 (Kasım 1998): 29-38. https://doi.org/10.1080/03060497.1998.11085887.
  • Strohl, James E. “Transpersonalism: Ego Meets Soul”. Journal of Counseling & Development 76/4 (Ekim 1998): 397-403. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6676.1998.tb02698.x.
  • Tart, Charles T. States of Consciousness. Authors Guild Backinprint ed. Lincoln, NE: iUniverse, 2000.
  • Tüfekçi, Çiğdem. Transpersonel Psikolojiye Göre Bilinçlilik Aşamaları ve Dini Tecrübe. Bursa: Uludağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 2004.
  • Washburn, Michael. The Ego and the Dynamic Ground: A Transpersonal Theory of Human Development. 2. ed., Rev. Albany, NY: State Univ. of New York Press, 1995.
  • Uysal, Saliha. Transpersonel Psikoloji ve Din. İstanbul:Marmara Üniversitesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 2007.
  • Vaughan, F. “Transpersonal psychotherapy: Context, Content and Process”. Journal of Transpersonal Psychology 11/2, (1979), 101-110.
  • Vaughan, F. “The Transpersonal Perspectıve: A Personal Overvıew”. The Journal of Transpersonal Psychology Vol.14/1 (1982),37-45.
Toplam 47 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Din Psikolojisi
Bölüm Derleme Makalesi
Yazarlar

Fatma Gülsüm Hekimoğlu 0000-0001-5983-7057

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 30 Haziran 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 7 Şubat 2025
Kabul Tarihi 19 Haziran 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 28 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

ISNAD Hekimoğlu, Fatma Gülsüm. “Spiritüel Boyutu Deneyim Alanı Olarak Transpersonal Sanat Terapisi Yaklaşımı”. Dicle İlahiyat Dergisi 28/1 (Haziran2025), 137-155. https://doi.org/10.58852/dicd.1634475.

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