Dünya Ekonomisinin Evrim Sürecinde Almanya'nın Dördüncü Sanayi Devrimi

Yıl 2022, Sayı: 71, 75 - 92, 28.01.2022

İsmail Ermağan

https://doi.org/10.51290/dpusbe.983912

Öz

Günümüzde devletlerin Endüstri 4.0 üzerinden nasıl bir meydan okuma ile karşı karşıya kaldıkları ve devletler ile şirketlerin küresel çaplı ekonomik yarışı nasıl etkiledikleri önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada öncelikle dünya ekonomisinin 1. Sanayi Devrimi’nden 4. Sanayi Devrimi’ne tarihsel gelişimi – ortaya çıkaran faktörler, temel nedenler ve sonuçlar üzerinden – özetlenmekte, bu çerçevede Almanya’nın farklılaşan performans bilançolarına ışık tutulmaktadır. Sanayi devrimlerinin tecrübelerinde değişmeyen başarı anahtarı, teknolojik yenilikçiliğin teknik ve beşeri boyutlarda gerçekleştirilmesi olarak tezahür etmektedir. Makalede ikinci ve odak olarak, “Almanya, Endüstri 4.0 sürecini nasıl yönetmektedir?” sorusu ile bu ülkenin son devrimdeki çalışmaları analiz edilmektedir. Son tahlilde iddia edilmektedir ki, Almanya, Endüstri 4.0’ın mecbur kıldığı dijital dönüşüme – yapısal ve teknik bağlamlarda ciddi eksikliklerine rağmen – kayda değer derecede önem atfetmekte ve tedbirlerini almaya çalışmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sanayi Devrimleri, Küresel Yarış, Almanya, Endüstri 4.0, Dijital Strateji 2025

Germany's Fourth Industrial Revolution in the Evolutionary Process of the World Economy

Öz

Today, it is important to know what kind of challenges the states face with the Industry 4.0 and how companies, as well as states, affect the global economic race. In this study, first of all, the historical development of the world economy from the 1st Industrial Revolution to the 4th Industrial Revolution –based on the emerging factors, root causes, and consequences– is summarized and, in this context, Germany’s respective performance balance sheets are clarified. The unchanging key to success in the experiences of industrial revolutions manifests itself as the realization of technological innovation in technical and human dimensions. Secondly and focally, the article analyzes the studies undertaken in this country during the latest revolution with the question of "How does Germany manage the Industry 4.0 process?" In the final analysis, it is claimed that Germany attaches considerable importance to the digital transformation required by the Industry 4.0 –despite its serious shortcomings in structural and technical contexts– and tries to take due measures accordingly.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Industrial Revolutions, Global Race, Germany, Industry 4.0, Digital Strategy 2025

Kaynakça

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