Evaluation and Interpretation of Female Infertility

Abstract

Infertility is a problem that affects one out of seven couples and is defined as the inability to achieve pregnancy despite unprotected intercourse for 1 year. One of the most important enemies of infertile patients is time. In order to reveal the possible causes of infertility, importance should be given to the systematic, rapid, and cost-effective evaluation, and the evaluation should be started with the least invasive examinations. In the evaluation of an infertile woman, a detailed medical history, reproductive history, family history, and physical examination are required to reveal the anatomical and physiological causes of infertility. This evaluation process is also the most suitable period for giving pre-pregnancy counseling, providing necessary counseling for preventive medicine practices, and conducting genetic research and consultations if necessary. In the evaluation of infertility, the presence of ovulation, the structure and function of the female genital system, and semen analysis in the male partner should also be evaluated. During all these evaluation processes, the psychological morbidity caused by the inability to have children should also be taken into consideration and the couples should also be supported in this respect. In this review, it was aimed to present the steps to be followed in the evaluation of an infertile woman in the light of current literature.

Keywords

• Biochemical tests
• genital system
• imaging
• infertility
• ovulation

Kadın İnfertilitesinin Değerlendirilmesi ve Yorumlanması

Abstract

İnfertilite, her yedi çiftten birisini etkileyen bir sorun olup 1 yıl boyunca korunmasız cinsel ilişkiye rağmen gebelik elde edilememesi olarak tanımlanır. İnfertil hastaların en önemli düşmanlarından birisi zamandır. İnfertilitenin olası nedenlerini ortaya çıkarmak için yapılacak değerlendirmenin sistematik, hızlı ve maliyet-etkin olmasına önem gösterilmeli ve değerlendirmeye en az invaziv olan tetkiklerle başlanmalıdır. İnfertil bir kadının değerlendirilmesinde, infertilitenin anatomik ve fizyolojik nedenlerini ortaya çıkarmak için ayrıntılı bir tıbbi öykü, üreme öyküsü, aile öyküsü ve fizik muayene gereklidir. Bu değerlendirme süreci aynı zamanda gebelik öncesi danışmanlık verilmesi, koruyucu hekimlik uygulamaları için gerekli danışmanlığın verilmesi, gerektiğinde genetik araştırma ve konsültasyonların yapılması için de en uygun dönemdir. İnfertilitenin değerlendirilmesinde ovülasyonun varlığı, kadın genital sisteminin yapısı ve işlevi ve aynı zamanda erkek partnerde semen analizi de değerlendirilmelidir. Tüm bu değerlendirme süreçleri boyunca çiftlerde çocuk sahibi olamamanın neden olduğu psikolojik morbidite de göz önüne alınmalı ve aynı zamanda çiftler bu açıdan da desteklenmelidir. Bu derlemede, infertil bir kadının değerlendirilmesinde izlenecek olan adımların güncel literatür bilgileri ışığında sunulması amaçlanmıştır.

Keywords

• Biyokimyasal testler
• genital sistem
• görüntüleme
• infertilite
• ovulasyon

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