65 Yaş Üstü Hastalarda Kronik Hastalıkların Anksiyete ve Depresyon ile İlişkisi

Abstract

Amaç: Beklenen yaşam sürelerinin artması ile birlikte yaşlı nüfusu giderek artmaktadır. Yaşlılarda ruhsal hastalıkların tanınması ve tedavi edilmesinin zorluğu göz önünde bulundurulduğunda risk faktörleri açısından klinisyenlerin dikkatli olması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışma kronik hastalıkların depresyon ve anksiyete düzeyleri ile ilişkisini araştırmak ve bu yaş grubunda ruhsal hastalıklara yönelik farkındalık yaratmayı amaçlamaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışma 65 yaş üstü olan 100 hasta ile yapılmıştır. Son 6 aydır psikiyatrik hastalık tanısı olan ve psikotrop ilaç kullanımı olan hastalar çalışmaya dahil edilmemiştir. Çalışmanın örneklemi oluşturulduktan sonra, hastalara araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanmış olan sosyodemografik veri formu ve Hastane Anksiyete ve Depresyon Ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Kadın hastalarda anksiyete düzeylerinin anlamlı olarak daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur (p=0,032). Yaş ve depresyon düzeyleri arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir korelasyon olduğu saptanmıştır (r=0,225, p=0,025). Kronik hastalığı olan ve olmayan hasta grupları arasında anksiyete ve depresyon düzeyleri bakımından istatiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık saptanmamıştır (sırasıyla, p=0,122 ve p=0,668). Sonuç: Kronik hastalıklar, hastalığın süresi ve ilaç kullanımı anksiyete ve depresyon düzeyleri ile ilişkili bulunmazken kadın hastalarda anksiyete düzeyi daha yüksek bulunmuş ve ayrıca yaşla depresyon düzeyleri arasında da pozitif yönde anlamlı bir korelasyon saptanmıştır. Ruhsal bozukluklar yaşlı hastalarda detaylı bir şekilde incelenmesi gereken bir konudur. Yaşlı hastaların ruhsal hastalıkları göz ardı edilmemeli ve klinisyenler tarafından her zaman dikkate alınmalıdır.

Keywords

• yaşlı
• depresyon
• anksiyete
• kronik hastalık

The Relationship of Chronic Diseases with Anxiety and Depression in Patients Over 65 Years of Age

Abstract

Aim: With the increasing life expectancy, the elderly population is gradually increasing. Considering the difficulty in recognizing and treating mental disorders in the elderly, clinicians should be careful about risk factors. This study aimed to investigate the relationship of chronic diseases with depression and anxiety levels and to raise awareness for mental illnesses in this age group. Material and Methods: This study was conducted with 100 patients over 65 years of age. Patients with a diagnosis of psychiatric illness and using psychotropic drugs for the last 6 months were not included in the study. After the sample of the study was formed, the sociodemographic data form prepared by the researchers and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were applied to the patients. Results: Anxiety levels were found to be significantly higher in female patients (p=0.032). A positive correlation was found between age and depression levels (r=0.225, p=0.025). No statistically significant difference was found in anxiety and depression levels between the patient groups with and without chronic disease (p=0.122, and p=0.668, respectively). Conclusion: Chronic diseases, duration of the disease, and use of medication were not found to be associated with anxiety and depression levels, while anxiety levels were found to be higher in female patients, and also a significant positive correlation was found between age and depression levels. Mental disorders are a subject that needs to be examined in detail in elderly patients. The mental illnesses of elderly patients should not be ignored and should always be considered by clinicians.

Keywords

• elderly
• depression
• anxiety
• chronic disease

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