Endometriyal Kanserde Delta Nötrofil İndeksinin Öngörücü Potansiyeli: Tanı için Yeni Bir Biyobelirteç

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, endometriyal intraepitelyal neoplazi (EIN) tanısı almış olan kadınlarda delta nötrofil indeksi'nin (DNI) endometriyal kanser (endometrial cancer, EC) gelişimi için bir öngörücü biyobelirteç olarak potansiyelini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu retrospektif çalışmaya, 2019 ve 2022 yılları arasında EIN tanısı almış ve cerrahi geçirmiş olan 139 kadın dahil edilmiştir. Demografik veriler, tıbbi öykü ve DNI da dahil olmak üzere laboratuvar parametreleri hastaların tıbbi kayıtlarından toplanmıştır. Başka kanser türüne sahip olan hastalar, steroid kullanım öyküsü olanlar, enflamatuar, hematolojik veya otoimmün hastalığı olanlar ve eksik verisi olan hastalar çalışmadan çıkarılmıştır. Hastaların patoloji raporları incelenmiş ve hastalar nihai patoloji tanılarına göre benign (n=64), EIN (n=66) ve EC (n=39) olmak üzere üç gruba ayrılmıştır. Bulgular: EC grubunun ortalama DNI düzeyi, EIN ve benign gruplarına göre anlamlı olarak daha yüksek bulundu (sırasıyla 4,85±2,31; 2,31±0,89 ve 1,48±1,03; p<0,001). DNI için optimal kesim değeri %82,1 sensitivite ve %73,8 spesifite ile %2,75 olarak belirlendi. DNI düzeyi >%2,75 olmanın 11,56 kat (95% GA: 4,59-29,09; p<0,001) artmış EC riski ile ilişkili olduğu bulundu. Sigara içmek ve postmenopozal durum da EC için bağımsız risk faktörleri olarak belirlendi. Sigara içen hastalarda 4,13 kat (95% GA: 1,54-11,01; p=0,005) ve postmenopozal durumda ise 2,8 kat (95% CI: 1,87-9,04; p=0,034) daha fazla EC riski vardı. Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın sonuçları DNI'nin EC riskini öngörmede kullanılabilir bir biyobelirteç olabileceğini öne sürmektedir. Sonuçlar ayrıca sigara içmenin ve menopoz sonrası durumun da EC için bağımsız risk faktörleri olduğunu doğrulamaktadır.

Keywords

• Biyobelirteç
• Endometriyal Kanser
• Endometriyal hiperplazi

Predictive Role of Delta Neutrophil Index in Endometrial Cancer: A Promising Biomarker for Diagnosis

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to explore the potential of delta neutrophil index (DNI) as a predictive biomarker for the development of endometrial cancer (EC) in women with endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN). Material and Methods: This retrospective study included 139 women diagnosed with EIN who underwent surgery between 2019 and 2022. Demographic data, medical history, and laboratory parameters, including DNI, were collected from the patients' medical records. Patients with other types of cancer, a history of steroid use, inflammatory, hematologic, or autoimmune diseases, or missing data were excluded. The patients' pathology reports were reviewed, and patients were divided into three groups by the final pathological diagnosis, benign (n=64), EIN (n=66), and EC (n=39). Results: The mean DNI level of the EC group was found to be significantly higher than the EIN and benign groups (4.85±2.31, 2.31±0.89, 1.48±1.03, p<0.001, respectively). The optimal cut-off value of DNI was determined as 2.75% with 82.1% sensitivity and 73.8% specificity. DNI levels >2.75% were found to be associated with an 11.56-fold (95% CI: 4-59-29.09, p<0.001) increased risk of EC. Smoking and postmenopausal status were also identified as independent risk factors for EC. Patients with smoking had a 4.13-fold (95% CI: 1.54-11.01, p=0.005), and postmenopausal status had a 2.8-fold (95% CI: 1.87-9.04, p=0.034) increased risk of EC. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that DNI may be a useful biomarker for predicting the risk of EC. The results also confirm that smoking and postmenopausal status are independent risk factors for EC.

Keywords

• Biomarker
• Endometrial cancer
• Endometrial hyperplasia

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