Tracheobronchial Foreign Body Aspirations for Children

Abstract

Aim: Tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration (FBA) is a leading cause of accidental injury and sudden death in childhood. This study aimed to categorize pediatric patients under the age of 16 years with tracheobronchial FBA into distinct age groups, compare gender distribution, assess clinical and radiological findings, characterize the types of aspirated foreign body (FB), and evaluate preventive measures to reduce the incidence of FBA. Material and Methods: This retrospective study included patients under the age of 16 years who were evaluated for suspected tracheobronchial FBA between 2010 and 2019. The patients were categorized into four age groups: ≤3 years, 4-7 years, 8-10 years, and >10 years. Results: Among the 132 patients included, 80 (60.6%) were male, and 52 (39.4%) were female. The FBA was found to be significantly (p=0.003) most prevalent among males aged ≤3 years (72.7%, n=32) and among females aged >10 years (59.2%, n=29). The type of aspirated FB significantly varied by age group, with dried nuts being the most aspirated in children ≤3 years (50.0%, n=22), stationery items in the 8-10 years (47.1%, n=8), and headscarf needles in the >10-year (36.7%, n=18) groups (p<0.001). Conclusion: The type of aspirated FBs varies according to age and cultural factors. The severity of FBA-related complications depends on the size, shape, and location of the aspirated object, as well as the patient’s age, duration of aspiration, and degree of airway obstruction. Enhancing public awareness, facilitating early diagnosis, and ensuring prompt treatment are crucial for minimizing FBA-related complications and mortality.

Keywords

• Foreign body
• tracheobronchial aspiration
• bronchoscopy
• child

Çocuklarda Trakeobronşiyal Yabancı Cisim Aspirasyonları

Abstract

Amaç: Trakeobronşiyal yabancı cisim aspirasyonu (YCA), çocukluk çağında kazara yaralanmaların ve ani ölümlerin önde gelen nedenidir. Bu çalışmada, trakeobronşiyal YCA olan 16 yaş altı çocukların farklı yaş gruplarına göre kategorize edilmesi, cinsiyet dağılımının, klinik ve radyolojik bulguların, aspire edilen yabancı cisim (YC) tiplerinin karşılaştırılarak YCA insidansının azaltılması için koruyucu önlemlerin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu geriye dönük çalışmaya 2010 ve 2019 yılları arasında trakeobronşiyal YCA şüphesi ile değerlendirilen 16 yaşından küçük hastalar dahil edilmiştir. Hastalar dört yaş grubuna ayrılmıştır: ≤3 yaş, 4-7 yaş, 8-10 yaş ve >10 yaş. Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen 132 hastadan 80'i (%60,6) erkek ve 52'si (%39,4) kadındı. YCA'nın, ≤3 yaş erkeklerde (%72,7; n=32) ve >10 yaş kadınlarda (%59,2; n=29) anlamlı olarak en yaygın olduğu bulundu (p=0,003). Aspire edilen YB tipleri yaş grubuna göre anlamlı bir şekilde değişiyordu; kuru yemişler ≤3 yaş çocuklarda (%50,0; n=22), kırtasiye malzemeleri 8-10 yaş grubunda (%47,1; n=8) ve başörtüsü iğneleri ise >10 yaş grubunda (%36,7; n=18) en çok aspire edildi (p<0,001). Sonuç: Aspire edilen YC türleri yaş grubuna ve kültürel faktörlere göre değişmektedir. YCA ile ilişkili komplikasyonların şiddeti, aspire edilen cismin büyüklüğüne, şekline ve lokalizasyonuna, ayrıca hastanın yaşına, aspirasyon süresine ve hava yolu tıkanıklığının derecesine bağlıdır. Kamuoyunun farkındalığını artırmak, erken tanıyı kolaylaştırmak ve hızlı tedaviyi sağlamak, YCA ile ilişkili komplikasyonları ve mortaliteyi en aza indirmek için çok önemlidir.

Keywords

• Yabancı cisim
• trakreobronşiyal aspirasyon
• bronkoskopi
• çocuk

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