Sarkoidoz Semptomlarında Cinsiyetler Arası Farklılıklar

Abstract

Amaç: Literatürde “büyük taklitçi” olarak anılan inflamatuar bir hastalık olan sarkoidoz olgularında semptomlar ve tutulan organlar açısından cinsiyete göre farklılıklar bildirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada sarkoidoz olgularındaki semptom ve bulguların cinsiyete ve hastalığın evrelerine göre farklılıkları araştırıldı.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu retrospektif gözlemsel kohort çalışmamızda sarkoidoz tanılı olgular başvuru semptomlarına göre; asemptomatik, pulmoner semptomlar, ekstrapulmoner semptomlar, pulmoner ve ekstrapulmoner semptom birlikteliği olarak gruplandırıldı. Her iki cinsiyet bulguların sıklığı açısından karşılaştırıldı.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınan 338 hastanın %71’i kadın olup yaş ortalaması 42,5±11,6 idi. Olguların %86’sı başvuru anında semptomatik olup, semptomların %31’i yalnız pulmoner, %23’ü yalnız ekstrapulmoner, %32’sinde ise hem pulmoner hem de ekstrapulmoner semptomlar birlikte idi. Kadın ve erkeklerde öksürük (sırasıyla %45; %42; p=0,620), balgam çıkarma (sırasıyla %9; %11; p=0,535), hemoptizi (sırasıyla %2; %1; p=0,678), ateş (sırasıyla %4; %4; p=0,999) bulguları açısından cinsiyete göre anlamlı farklılık bulunamadı. Dispne kadınlarda erkek olgulara göre anlamlı olarak daha sık izlendi (sırasıyla %33; %22; p=0,048). Kadın hastalarda erkeklere kıyasla göğüs ağrısı anlamlı olarak daha az görüldü (sırasıyla %7; %20; p=0,001). Aşırı terleme erkeklerde kadınlara göre anlamlı olarak daha fazla görülürken (p=0,004), eritema nodosum kadınlarda erkeklere göre fazla bulundu (p=0,003). Terleme dışındaki konstitüsyonel yakınmalarda cinsiyet farkı izlenmedi.

Sonuç: Sarkoidozlu kadınlar daha yaşlıdır ve nefes darlığı ile eritema nodosum, kadınlarda erkeklere göre anlamlı oranda sık bulunmuştur. Erkeklerde ise terleme ve göğüs ağrısı belirgin yüksek tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

• Sarkoidoz,pulmoner semptomlar,ekstrapulmoner semptomlar,cinsiyet farkı

Gender Differences in Symptoms of Sarcoidosis

Abstract

Aim: Sarcoidosis is known as the ‘great imitator’ for its versatile manifestations which differ among genders. The objective of this study is to investigate the signs and symptoms and differences in respect to gender and phases of disease.

Material and Methods: This cohort study includes patients with sarcoidosis classified as asymptomatic, with pulmonary symptoms only, extrapulmonary symptoms only and those with both together. The frequency, prevalence, and severity of the signs and symptoms were compared between gender identities.

Results: This study enrolled 338 patients, of which 71% were female, and mean age was 42.5±11.6. Most patients (86%) were symptomatic on presentation, and pulmonary symptoms were noted in 31%, extrapulmonary symptoms in 23% and both in 32%. There were no significant differences between genders regarding cough (45% in women, 42% in men, p=0.620), sputum (9%, 11%, respectively, p=0.535), hemoptysis (2%, 1%, respectively, p=0.678), fever (4%, 4%, respectively, p=0.999). Dyspnea was reported significantly more common in women (33% and 22%, respectively, p=0.048) whilst chest pain was more common in men (7%, and %20 respectively, p=0.001). Excessive perspiration was significantly more common in men, and erythema nodosum in women (p=0.004 and p=0.003, respectively). Frequencies of constitutional symptoms other than perspiration did not differ between sexes.

Conclusion: Women with sarcoidosis were older than men and dyspnea and erythema nodosum were seen more commonly in women. Frequencies of other symptoms were similar between sexes.

Keywords

• Sarcoidosis,pulmonary symptoms,extrapulmonary symptoms,gender difference

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