Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome in Psoriasis Patients

Abstract

Aim: Psoriasis is a frequently seen chronic systemic inflammatory disease accompanied by several comorbid conditions that affects 2-3% of the general population. One of the comorbidities rarely accompanying psoriasis is obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). OSAS is a disease characterized by recurrent complete (apnea) or partial (hypopnea) upper airway obstruction episodes and frequently by decreased blood oxygen saturation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk factors for OSAS by investigating OSAS symptoms in psoriasis patients.

Material and Methods: Eighty-two patients aged over 16, diagnosed with psoriasis, and under follow-up by the Duzce University Medical of Faculty, Dermatology and Venereal Diseases Polyclinic, Turkey, were included in the study. Patients’ OSAS symptoms were investigated. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale was used to assess excessive daytime somnolence.

Results: Of the patients 51.2% (n=42) were male and 48.8% (n=40) female. Patients’ mean age was 47.09±14.10 years. Patients’ mean time of psoriasis diagnosis was 16.97±10.55 years, and mean Psoriatic Area Severity Index (PASI) score was 11.25±6.32. Severe disease was present in 54.9% of patients (n=45) based on PASI classification. Prevalence of 56.1% for snoring, 25.6% for excessive daytime sleepiness, and 15.9% for witnessed apnea were determined in these patients. Forty-seven (57.3%) cases had at least one major symptom. The most common minor symptoms were inability to sleep with 25.6% (n=21) and insufficient disrupted sleep with 22.0% (n=18).

Conclusion: Prevalence of OSAS symptoms in psoriasis patients were found high. Psoriasis patients with OSAS symptoms must be referred to relevant specialists for polysomnographic evaluation.

Keywords

• Psoriasis,obstructive sleep apnea syndrome,symptom

Psoriazis Hastalarında Obstrüktif Uyku Apne Sendromu Semptom Sıklığı

Abstract

Amaç: Psoriazis toplumda sık görülen, genel nüfusun %2-3’ünü etkileyen, birçok komorbiditenin eşlik ettiği kronik sistemik enflamatuvar bir hastalıktır. Psoriazis’e eşlik eden nadir görülen komorbiditeler arasında obstrüktif uyku apne sendromu (OUAS) yer almaktadır. OUAS uyku sırasında tekrarlayan tam (apne) veya parsiyel (hipopne) üst solunum yolu obstrüksiyonu epizodları ve sıklıkla kan oksijen satürasyonunda azalma ile karakterize bir hastalıktır. Bu çalışmanın amacı psoriazis hastalarında OUAS semptomları sorgulanarak, OUAS risk faktörlerini değerlendirmektir.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Düzce Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Deri ve Zührevi Hastalıkları polikliniğinden takipli ve Psoriazis tanılı 16 yaşından büyük 82 hasta çalışmaya alındı. Hastalar OUAS semptomları açısından sorgulandı. Aşırı gündüz uykululuğu değerlendirmek için ise Epworth uykululuk skalası kullanıldı.

Bulgular: Hastaların %51,2 (n=42)’sı erkek, %48,8 (n=40)’i kadındı. Hastaların yaş ortalaması 47,09±14,10 yıl idi. Hastaların ortalama psoriazis tanı süreleri 16,97±10,55 yıl, ortalama Psoriatik Alan Şiddet İndeksi (PAŞİ) 11,25±6,32 idi. PAŞİ sınıflamasına göre hastaların %54,9 (n=45)’ü şiddetliydi. Bu hastalarda horlama için %56,1, gündüz aşırı uyku hali için %25,6, tanıklı apne için %15,9’luk prevalans saptandı. En az bir semptomu olan olgu sayısı 47 (%57,3) idi. Minör semptomlar sorgulandığında en sık gözlenen %25,6 (n=21) ile uyuyamama ve %22,0 (n=18) ile yetersiz bölünmüş uyku şikayetiydi.

Sonuç: Psoriazis hastalarında OUAS semptom sıklığı yüksek olarak bulunmuştur. OUAS semptomları olan psoriazis hastaları muhakkak polisomnografik değerlendirme için ilgili uzmanlara yönlendirilmelidir.

Keywords

• Psoriazis,obstruktif uyku apne sendromu,semptom

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