Assessment of Bilateral Testicular Volumes by Ultrasonography in Adult Patients with Varicocele

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 3, 30 - 32, 01.12.2014

Ömer Karakaş Fatma Nurefşan Boyacı Ferit Doğan Nihat Kılıçaslan Hasan Çeçe Ömer Faruk Badem Ekrem Karakaş

Öz

Objective: In this study, it is aimed to investigate changes in bilateral testicular volume in adultpatients with varicocele.Methods: This cross-sectional study included 51 consecutively recruited patients withvaricocele and 25 healthy control volunteers. In all participants, testicular volumes werecalculated. The following groups were formed: group 1, testicles ipsilateral to varicocele; group2, testicles contralateral to varicocele; and group 3, healthy volunteer controls. The data werenot normally distributed, and therefore, non-parametric tests were performed.Results: There were no statistically significant difference in terms of age, height and weightbetween varicocele patients and healthy volunteers controls. Mean testicular volumes of group1 and group 2 were found to be lower than that of group 3 (both P < 0.001). There was nostatistical difference in terms of testicular volumes between group 1 and group 2 (P = 0,247).Conclusion: Testicular volume measurements using ultrasonography can be used in thedetermination of damaging effects on testes of varicocele

Anahtar Kelimeler

Testis, Varicocele, Volume, US

VARİKOSELLİ ERİŞKİN HASTALARDA BİLATERAL TESTİKÜLER VOLÜMLERİN ULTRASONOGRAFİ İLE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, varikoseli olan erişkin hastalarda bilateral testiküler volümdeğişikliklerinin araştırılması amaçlandı.Yöntem: Bu retropsektif çalışmaya, 51 hasta ve kontrol grubu olarak 25 sağlıklı gönüllü dâhiledildi. Tüm katılımcılarda testiküler volümler hesaplandı. Üç grup oluşturuldu; grup 1: varikoselolan testisler, grup 2: varikosel olmayan karşı testisler ve grup 3: sağlıklı gönüllü kontroller.Veriler normal dağılımlı değildi ve bu yüzden non-parametrik testler yapıldı.Bulgular: Varikoseli olan hastalar ve kontrol grubunu oluşturan sağlıklı gönüllüler arasındayaş, boy ve kilo açısından istatistiksel farklılık saptanmadı. Grup 1 ve grup 2’nin ortalamatestiküler volümleri, grup 3 göre daha düşük olarak bulundu (her ikisi P < 0.001). Testikulervolümler açısından grup 1 ve grup 2 arasında istatistiksel farklılık yoktu (P = 0,247).Sonuç: USG kullanarak yapılan testiküler volüm ölçümleri, varikoselin testisler üzerinde olanhasar verici etkilerinin tespitinde kullanılabilir

Anahtar Kelimeler

Testis, Varikosel, Volüm, USG

Kaynakça

• Noske HD, Weidner W. Varicocele–a historical perspective. World J Urol 1999;17: 151-157.
• Meachman RB, Townsend RR, Rademacher D, Drose JA. The incidence of varicoceles in the general population when evaluated by physical examination, gray scale sonography and color Doppler sonography. J Urol 1994;151: 1535-1538.
• World Health Organization. The influence of varicocele on parameters of fertility in a large group of men presenting to infertility clinics. Fertil Steril 1992;57: 1289-1293.
• Sakamoto H, Saito K, Shichizyo T, Ishikawa K, Igarashi A, Yoshida H. Color Doppler ultrasonography as a routine clinical examination in male infertility. Int J Urol 2006;13:1073-1078.
• Johnsen SG, Agger P. Quantitative evaluation of testicular biopsies before and after operation for varicocele. Fertil Steril 1978;29: 58-63.
• Nieschlag E, Behre M, Schlingheider A, Nashan D, Pohl J, Fischedick AR. Surgical ligation vs. angiographic embolization of the vena spermatica: a prospective randomized study for the treatment of varicocele-related infertility. Andrologia 1993;25: 233-237.
• Witt MA, Lipshultz LI. Varicocele: a progressive or static lesion? Urology 1993;42: 541-3.
• Sigman M, Jarow JP. Ipsilateral testicular hypotrophy is associated with decreased sperm counts in infertile men with varicoceles. J Urol. 1997;158: 605-607.
• Tekgul S, Riedmiller H, Gerharz E, et al. European Association of Paediatric Urology Guidelines on Paediatric Urology.http://www.uroweb.org/gls/pdf/19_Paediatric_Urolo gy.pdf [accessed September 2011].
• Pilatz A, Altinkilic B, Köhler E, Marconi M, Weidner. Color Doppler ultrasound imaging in varicoceles: is the venous diameter sufficient for predicting clinical and subclinical varicocele? W World J Urol 2011;29: 645-650.
• Liguori G, Trombetta C, Garaffa G, Bucci S, Gattuccio I, Salamè L, Belgrano E. Color Doppler ultrasound investigation of varicocele. World J Urol 2004;22: 378-81.
• Paduch DA, Niedzielski J. Repair versus observation in adolescent varicocele: a prospective study.J Urol 1997;158: 1128-1132.
• Cayan S, Akbay E, Bozlu M, et al. The effect of varicocele repair on testicular volume in children and adolescents with varicocele. J Urol 2002;168: 731-734.
• Keene DJ, Sajad Y, Rakoczy G, Cervellione RM. Testicular volume and semen parameters in patients aged 12 to 17 years with idiopathic varicocele. J Pediatr Surg 2012;47: 383-5.
• World Health Organization (WHO). The influence of varicocele on parameters of fertility in a large group of men presenting to infertility clinics. Fertil Steril 1992;57: 1289- 1293.
• Sayfan J, Siplovich L, Koltun L,et al: Varicocele treatment in pubertal boys prevents testicular growth arrest. J Urol 1997;157:1456–1457.
• Pasqualotto FF, Lucon AM, de Góes PM,et al. Testicular growth, sperm concentration, percent motility, and pregnancy outcome after varicocelectomy based on testicular histology. Fertil Steril 2005;83: 362-366.
• Zini A, Buckspan M, Berardinucci D, et al. The influence of clinical and subclinical varicocele on testicular volume. Fertil Steril 1997;68: 671-674.
• Hienz HA, Voggenthaler J, and Weissbach L. Histological findings in testes with varicocele during childhood and their therapeutic consequences. Eur J Pediatr 1980;133: 139-146.
• Sigman M, and Jarow JP. Ipsilateral testicular hypotrophy is asso-ciated with decreased sperm counts in infertile men with varicoceles. J Urol 1997;158: 605-607.
• Gat Y, Gornish M, Navon U, Chakraborty J, Bachar GN, Ben- Shlomo I. Right varicocele and hypoxia, crucial factors in male infertility: fluid mechanics analysis of the impaired testicular drainage system. Reprod Biomed Online 2006;13:510-515.
• Turner TT, Lopez TJ. Testicular blood flow in peripubertal and older rats with unilateral experimental varicocele and investigation into the mechanism of the bilateral response to the unilateral lesion. J Urol 1990;144: 1018-1021.
• Knudson G, Ross L, Stuhldreher D, Houlihan D, Bruns E, Prins G. Prevalence of sperm bound antibodies in infertile men with varicocele: the effect of varicocele ligation on antibody levels and semen response. J Urol 1994;151: 1260- 1262.
• Zorgniotti AW, Sealfon AI. Measurement of intrascrotal temperature in normal and subfertile men. J Reprod Fertil 1998;82: 563-566.