Maxillary Sinus Volume in COPD and Asthma: A CBCT-Based Retrospective Study

Suay Yağmur Ünal; Gaye Keser; Filiz Mediha Namdar Pekiner

doi:10.52037/eads.2025.0025

Maxillary Sinus Volume in COPD and Asthma: A CBCT-Based Retrospective Study

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the maxillary sinus volumes of healthy individuals and patients with asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) based on age and gender using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images. Materials& Method: CBCT images of a total of 125 patients in the Radiology archive of Marmara University Faculty of Dentistry were evaluated retrospectively. The volumes of bilateral maxillary sinuses in COPD (n=40), asthma (n=43) and healthy patients (n=42) were measured using Materialise Mimics (Materialise NV, Leuven, Belgium). The findings were analyzed statistically according to age and gender. The significance level was determined as p< .05. Results: The study was conducted with a total of 125 patients, of whom 61.6% (n=77) were female and 38.4% (n=48) were male. The ages of the participants ranged between 19 and 89 years, with a mean age of 48.36±19.13 years. There was no statistically significant association between the ages of the subjects in the healthy, COPD and asthma groups and the right and left sinus volumes (p>0.05).The right and left maxillary sinus volumes of the subjects in the healthy group were significantly higher than those in the COPD and asthma groups (p=0.001; p=0.001; p<0.01). The mean difference of 711.82±1993.99 units in the left sinus measurement compared to the right sinus measurement of male subjects in the healthy group was statistically significant (p=0.011; p<0.05). The difference between right and left sinus measurements of male and female subjects in COPD and asthma groups was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: CBCT is a practical and effective imaging modality for the evaluation of maxillary sinuses. Our findings suggest that chronic inflammatory respiratory diseases like COPD and asthma may be associated with altered maxillary sinus dimensions. Measuring maxillary sinus volume in patients with COPD and asthma compared to healthy subjects, this study will guide future research.

Keywords

Ethical Statement

This retrospective study was approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Marmara University Faculty of Medicine (Protocol No: 09.2024.1517, Date: 27.03.2025) and conducted in accordance with the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki.

References

World Health Organization (WHO). Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). WHO Fact Sheet. 2004. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-(copd) .
Nakawah MO, Hawkins C, Barbandi F. Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and the overlap syndrome. J Am Board Fam Med. 2013;26(4):470–477. doi:10.3122/jabfm.2013.04.120256.
Usmani OS, Dhand R, Lavorini F, Price D. Why we should target small airways disease in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Mayo Clin Proc. 2021;96:2448–2463.
Kim JS, Rubin BK. Nasal and sinus inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. COPD. 2007;4(2):163–166. doi:10.1080/15412550701341228.
Laidlaw TM, Mullol J, Woessner KM, Amin N, Mannent LP. Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2021;9(3):1133–1141. doi:10.1016/j.jaip.2020.09.063.
Talikka M, Martin F, Sewer A, Vuillaume G, Leroy P, Luettich K, et al. Mechanistic evaluation of the impact of smoking and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on the nasal epithelium. Clin Med Insights Circ Respir Pulm Med. 2017;11:1179548417710928. doi:10.1177/1179548417710928.
Yeung AWK, Hung KF, Li DTS, Leung YY. Use of CBCT in evaluating the health and pathology of the maxillary sinus. Diagnostics (Basel). 2022;12(11):2819. doi:10.3390/diagnostics12112819.
Edik M, Canger EM. Evaluation of maxillary sinus volume by cone beam computed tomography in asthma patients. J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2025;126(3):102043. doi:10.1016/j.jormas.2024.102043.

Gulec M, Tassoker M, Magat G, Lale B, Ozcan S, Orhan K. Three-dimensional volumetric analysis of the maxillary sinus: a CBCT study. Folia Morphol (Warsz). 2020;79(3):557–562. doi:10.5603/FM.a2019.0106.
Ararat E, Yalcin ED. Morphometric and volumetric evaluation of the maxillary sinus in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using cone-beam CT. Oral Radiol. 2022;38(2):261–268. doi:10.1007/s11282-021-00553-3.
Aktuna Belgin C, Colak M, Adiguzel O, Akkus Z, Orhan K. Three-dimensional evaluation of maxillary sinus volume in different age and sex groups using CBCT. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2019;276(5):1493–1499. doi:10.1007/s00405-019-05383-y.
Shrestha B, Shrestha R, Lin T, Lu Y, Lu H, Mai Z, et al. Evaluation of maxillary sinus volume in different craniofacial patterns: a CBCT study. Oral Radiol. 2021;37(4):647–652. doi:10.1007/s11282-020-00506-2.
Hamada S, Tatsumi S, Kobayashi Y, Matsumoto H, Yasuba H. Radiographic evidence of sinonasal inflammation in asthma–COPD overlap syndrome. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2017;5(6):1657–1662. doi:10.1016/j.jaip.2017.03.031.
Jun BC, Song SW, Park CS, Lee DH, Cho KJ, Cho JH. Analysis of maxillary sinus aeration according to aging using 3D CT reconstruction. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2005;132(3):429–434. doi:10.1016/j.otohns.2004.11.012.
Kelemence A, Abadoglu O, Gumus C, Berk S, Epozturk K, Akkurt I. Frequency of chronic rhinosinusitis/nasal polyps in COPD and its effect on disease severity. COPD. 2011;8(1):8–12. doi:10.3109/15412555.2010.540272.
Kim JS, Rubin BK. Nasal and sinus involvement in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2008;14(2):101–104. doi:10.1097/MCP.0b013e3282f4efc9.
Lee HY, Kang JY, Yoon HK, Lee SY, Kwon SS, Kim YK, et al. Clinical characteristics of asthma combined with COPD features. Yonsei Med J. 2014;55(4):980–986. doi:10.3349/ymj.2014.55.4.980.
Tai Li Min E, Abdullah B. Nasal polyps and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: an overlooked association. Ear Nose Throat J. 2020;99(9):NP103–NP104. doi:10.1177/0145561319856576.
Aydin O, Akbay NO, Buyukatalay ZC, Arslan F, Dumlupinar E, Sozener ZC, et al. Evaluation of sinonasal involvement in patients with asthma and COPD. Allergy Asthma Proc. 2024;45:166–172.
Cho SH, Kim TH, Kim KR, Lee JM, Lee DK, Kim JH, et al. Factors influencing maxillary sinus volume and craniofacial anatomy in adults with chronic rhinosinusitis. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2010;136(6):610–615. doi:10.1001/archoto.2010.75.
Bhattacharya D, Becker BT, Behrendt F, Beyersdorff D, Petersen E, Petersen M, et al. Computer-aided diagnosis of maxillary sinus anomalies. Laryngoscope. 2024;134(9):3927–3934. doi:10.1002/lary.31413.
Orhan I, Ormeci T, Aydin S, Altin G, Urger E, Soylu E, et al. Morphometric analysis of the maxillary sinus in patients with nasal septum deviation. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2014;271(4):727–732. doi:10.1007/s00405-013-2617-7.
Weiss R, Read-Fuller A. Cone beam computed tomography in oral and maxillofacial surgery: an evidence-based review. Dent J (Basel). 2019;7(2):52. doi:10.3390/dj7020052.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Suay Yağmur Ünal ^*
0000-0002-8559-7461
Türkiye

Gaye Keser
0000-0001-7564-4757
Türkiye

Filiz Mediha Namdar Pekiner
0000-0001-7426-5587
Türkiye

Early Pub Date

December 29, 2025

Publication Date

December 29, 2025

Submission Date

April 14, 2025

Acceptance Date

August 12, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 52 Number: 3

DOI

https://doi.org/10.52037/eads.2025.0025

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA85LE34LF

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Ünal, S. Y., Keser, G., & Namdar Pekiner, F. M. (2025). Maxillary Sinus Volume in COPD and Asthma: A CBCT-Based Retrospective Study. European Annals of Dental Sciences, 52(3), 168-174. https://doi.org/10.52037/eads.2025.0025

AMA

1.Ünal SY, Keser G, Namdar Pekiner FM. Maxillary Sinus Volume in COPD and Asthma: A CBCT-Based Retrospective Study. EADS. 2025;52(3):168-174. doi:10.52037/eads.2025.0025

Chicago

Ünal, Suay Yağmur, Gaye Keser, and Filiz Mediha Namdar Pekiner. 2025. “Maxillary Sinus Volume in COPD and Asthma: A CBCT-Based Retrospective Study”. European Annals of Dental Sciences 52 (3): 168-74. https://doi.org/10.52037/eads.2025.0025.

EndNote

Ünal SY, Keser G, Namdar Pekiner FM (December 1, 2025) Maxillary Sinus Volume in COPD and Asthma: A CBCT-Based Retrospective Study. European Annals of Dental Sciences 52 3 168–174.

IEEE

[1]S. Y. Ünal, G. Keser, and F. M. Namdar Pekiner, “Maxillary Sinus Volume in COPD and Asthma: A CBCT-Based Retrospective Study”, EADS, vol. 52, no. 3, pp. 168–174, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.52037/eads.2025.0025.

ISNAD

Ünal, Suay Yağmur - Keser, Gaye - Namdar Pekiner, Filiz Mediha. “Maxillary Sinus Volume in COPD and Asthma: A CBCT-Based Retrospective Study”. European Annals of Dental Sciences 52/3 (December 1, 2025): 168-174. https://doi.org/10.52037/eads.2025.0025.

JAMA

1.Ünal SY, Keser G, Namdar Pekiner FM. Maxillary Sinus Volume in COPD and Asthma: A CBCT-Based Retrospective Study. EADS. 2025;52:168–174.

MLA

Ünal, Suay Yağmur, et al. “Maxillary Sinus Volume in COPD and Asthma: A CBCT-Based Retrospective Study”. European Annals of Dental Sciences, vol. 52, no. 3, Dec. 2025, pp. 168-74, doi:10.52037/eads.2025.0025.

Vancouver

1.Suay Yağmur Ünal, Gaye Keser, Filiz Mediha Namdar Pekiner. Maxillary Sinus Volume in COPD and Asthma: A CBCT-Based Retrospective Study. EADS. 2025 Dec. 1;52(3):168-74. doi:10.52037/eads.2025.0025