The Distribution of Maxillo-Mandibular Position in Class II,1 and Class II,2 Malocclusions With Deepbite and Different Rotation Types

Year 2015, Volume: 42 Issue: 2 - Volume: 42 Issue: 2, 83 - 94, 01.08.2015

Merve Berika Kadıoğlu Meliha Rübendüz

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of maxillo-mandibular position combinations that contributing to the emergence of Class II malocclusion types, according to the mandibular rotation models. Material and Method: The study was consisted of 358 subjects 177 Class II,1 and 181 Class II,2 which were characterized with dento-skeletal Class II malocclusion and increased overbite. Both Class II,1 and Class II,2 subjects were divided into three groups, as Hypodivergent, Normodivergent and Hyperdivergent, based on their mandibular plane angle SN/GoGn . Then six different combinations K.1-K.6 , which referred to maxillo-mandibular relation at sagittal dirrection, were constituted for both malocclusion groups at each rotation types. The frequency of these combinations were determined for all study groups and the inter-group differences were compared by “Z” test.Results: It was determined that, there was no difference in terms of maxillo-mandibular combinations between Class II,1 and Class II,2 malocclusions except Normodivergent group. In all rotation groups the most frequent combinations for both Class II malocclusions were combinations of normal maxilla-retrognathic mandibula K.2 and bimaxillary retrognathia K.1 . In addition it was found that, the combination of prognathic maxilla-normal mandibula is also common in Hypodivergent group. The frequency of bimaxillary retrognathia was increased with mandibular posterior rotation. Conclusion: The type of mandibular rotation is effective on maxillo-mandibulary position in Class II,1 and Clas II,2 malocclusions characterized with deepbite.

Keywords

Deepbite, Class II, 1 malocclusion, Class II, 2 malocclusion, Mandibular rotation models, Maxillo-mandibular position

Farklı rotasyon modellerine sahip derin kapanışlı sınıf II ,1 ve sınıf ıı, 2 malokluzyonlu bireylerde maksillo-mandibular konum dağılımları

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Sınıf II malokluzyon tiplerinin ortaya çıkışında katkısı bulunan maksillo-mandibular konum kombinasyonlarının görülme sıklıklarının, mandibular rotasyon modellerine göre incelenmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma dental ve iskeletsel Sınıf II malokluzyonun yanısıra, artmış overbite’a da sahip 177’si Sınıf II,1 ve 181’i Sınıf II,2 olmak üzere toplam 358 birey üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Sınıf II malokluzyon grupları ayrıca mandibular plan açıları SN/GoGn dikkate alınarak Hipodiverjan, Normodiverjan ve Hiperdiverjan olmak üzere 3 alt gruba ayrılmıştır. Bunu takiben her bir rotasyon modelindeki Sınıf II,1 ve Sınıf II,2 malokluzyonlar için sagittal yönde maksillo-mandibular ilişkiyi belirten 6 ayrı kombinasyon K.1-K.6 oluşturularak yüzde dağılımları hesaplanmış ve gruplar arası farklılıklar “Z” testi ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Bulgular: Normodiverjan grup haricinde Sınıf II,1 ve Sınıf II,2 malokluzyonlar arasında maksillo-mandibular kombinasyonlar bakımından fark olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Tüm rotasyon modellerinde Sınıf II malokluzyonların her ikisinde de en sık rastlanan kombinasyonların normal maksilla- retrognatik mandibula K.2 kombinasyonu ile bimaksiller retrognati K.1 kombinasyonu olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Buna ilaveten Hipodiverjan rotasyon modelinde prognatik maksilla- normal mandibula kombinasyonun da K.5 sık görüldüğü belirlenmiştir. Mandibula rotasyon modeli posteriora kaydıkça bimaksiller retrognati görülme oranı artmıştır. Sonuç: Mandibular rotasyon modeli, derin kapanışa sahip Sınıf II,1 ve Sınıf II,2 malokluzyonlarda maksillo-mandibular konum üzerinde etkilidir.

Keywords

Derin kapanış, Sınıf II, 1 malokluzyon, Sınıf II, 2 malokluzyon, Mandibular rotasyon modelleri, Maksillo-mandibular konum

References

• Ast DH, Carlos AP, Cons NC. The prevalence and characteristics of malocclusion among senior high school students in upstate New York. Am J Orthod 1965; 51: 437–445
• Peck S, Peck L, Kataja M. Class II Di- vision 2 malocclusion: a heritable pattern of small teeth in well-developed jaws. Angle Or- thod 1998; 68: 9-20.
• Rübendüz M. Overbite, overjet ve angle sınıflaması arasındaki ilişkilerin değerlendirilmesi. Türk Ortodonti Dergisi 2002; 15: 28-35.
• McNamara JA Jr. Compenents of class II malocclusion in children 8-10 years of age. Angle Orthod 1981; 51: 177-202.
• McNamara JA Jr, Peterson JE, Alexander RG. Three-dimensional diagnosis and management of Class II malocclusion in the mixed dentition. Semin Orthod 1996; 2: 114-137
• Bishara SE. Class II malocclusions: Diagnostic and clinical considerations with and without treatment. Semin Orthod 2006; 12: 11- 24
• Sassouni V. The Class II syndrome: Differential diagnosis and treatment. Angle Or- thod 1970; 40: 334-41.
• Ackermann JL, Proffit WR. The char- acteristics of malocclusion: A modern ap- proach to classification and diagnosis Am J Orthod 1969; 56: 443-54
• Proffit WR, Fields WH Jr, Sarver MD. Contemporary Orthodontics. Fourth Ed. Mos- by Elsevier. 2007.
• Schudy FF. Vertical growth versus an- teroposterior growth as related to function and treatment. Angle Orthod 1964; 34: 75-93
• Sassouni VA, Nanda SK. Analysis of dentofacial vertical proportions. Am J Orthod 1964; 50: 801-823.
• Greulich WW, Pyle IS. Radiographic Atlas of Skeletal Development of The Hand and Wrist. 2nd ed. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press; 1959.
• Helm S, Siersbaek-Nielsen S, Skieller V, Björk A. Skeletal maturation of the hand in relation to maximum puberal growth in body height. Tandlaegebladet 1971; 75: 1223-34.
• Drelich RC. A cephalometric study of untreated Class II division 1 malocclusion. Angle Orthod 1948; 18: 70-75.
• Blair ES. A cephalometric roentgeno- graphic apprasial of the skeletal morphology of Class I, Class II, Div. 1, and Class II, Div. 2. Angle Orthod 1954; 24: 106-119.
• Altemus L. Horizontal and vertical dentofacial reletionship in normal and Class II Division 1 malocclusion in girls 11-15 years. Angle Orthod 1955; 25: 120-137.
• Bordeaux JG. A cephalometric ap- praisal of mandibular growth related to cranial base morphology. Am J Orthod 1972; 61: 629- 630.
• Rosenblum RE. Class II malocclusion: mandibular retrusion or maxillary protrusion? Angle Orthod 1994; 65: 49-62
• Ngan PT, Byczek E, Scheick J. Longi- tudinal evaluation of growth changes in class II division 1 subjects. Semin Orthod 1997; 3: 222-231
• Rothstein T, Yoon-Tarlie C. Dental and facial skeletal characteristics and growth of males and females with Class II, Division 1 malocclusion between the ages of 10 and 14 (revisited)—Part I: Characteristics of size, form, and position. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2000; 117: 320-32
• Ishii N, Deguchi T, Hunt NP. Craniofacial morphology of Japanese girls with Class II division 1 malocclusion. Journal of Orthodontics 2001; 28: 211-215
• Al-Khateeb EAA, Al-Khateeb SN. Anteroposterior and vertical components of Class II division 1 and division 2 malocclusion. Angle Orthod 2009; 79:859–866
• Vasquez MJ, Baccetti T, Franchi L, McNamara JA Jr. Dentofacial features of Class II malocclusion associated with maxillary skeletal protrusion: a longitudinal study at the circumpubertal growth period. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2009; 135: 568.e1-7
• Renfroe EW. A study of the facial pat- terns associated with Class I, Class II Division 1 and Class II division 2 malocclusions. Angle Orthod 1948; 19: 12-15.
• Gilmore WA. Morphology of the adult mandible in Class II, Division 1 malocclusion and in excellent occlusion. Angle Orthod 1950; 20: 137-146.
• Craig CE. The skeletal patterns characteristic of Class I and Class II, Division 1 malocclusions in norma lateralis. Angle Orthod 1951; 21: 44–56.
• Riedel RA. The relationship of maxil- lary structures to cranium in malocclusion and normal occlusion. Angle Orthod 1952; 22: 142-145
• Henry RG. A classification of Class II Division 1 malocclusion. Angle Orthod 1957; 27: 83-92.
• Hunter WS. The vertical dimension of the face and skeletodental retrognathism. Am J Orthod 1967; 53: 586–595.
• Harris JE, Kowalski CJ, Walker GF. Discrimination between normal and Class II individuals using Steiner's analysis. Angle Orthod 1972; 42: 212-220 31. Hitchcock HP. description of Class II Division 1 malocclusion. Am J Orthod 1973; 63: 414-423.
• Kerr WJS, Hirst D. Craniofacial characteristics of subjects with normal and postnormal occlusions-A longitudinal study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1987; 92: 207-12.
• Baccetti T, Franchi L, McNamara JA Jr, Tollaro I. Early dentofacial features of Class II malocclusion: a longitudinal study from the deciduous through the mixed denti- tion. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1997; 111: 502-9.
• Brezniak N, Arad A, Heller M, Dinbar A, Dinte A, Wasserstein A. Pathognomonic cephalometric characteristics of Angle Class II Division 2 malocclusion. Angle Orthod 2002; 72: 251–257
• Sayın ÖM, Türkkahraman H. Cepha- lometric evaluation of nongrowing females with skeletal and dental Class II, division 1 malocclusion. Angle Orthod 2005; 75: 656- 660.
• Saltaji H, Flores-Mir C, Major PW, Youssef M. The relationship between vertical facial morphology and overjet in untreated Class II subjects. Angle Orthod 2012; 82: 432- 40.
• Pancherz H, Zieber K, Hoyer B. Cephalometric characteristics of Class II divi- sion 1 and Class II division 2 malocclusions: A comparative study in children. Angle Orthod 1997; 67: 111-120.
• Björk A. Prediction of mandibular growth rotation. Am J Orthod 1969; 55: 585- 599
• Isaacson JR, Speidal TM, Worms FW. Extreme variations in vertical facial growth and associated variations in skeletal and dental relations. Angle Orthod 1971; 41: 219-229.
• Bishara SE, Augspurger EF. The role of mandibular plane inclination in orthodontic diagnosis. Angle Orthod 1975; 45: 273–281.
• Bishara SE, Jakobsen JR. Longitudi- nal changes in three normal facial types. Am J Orthod 1985; 88: 486-501.
• Chung CH, Wong WW. Craniofacial growth in untreated skeletal Class II subjects: A longitudinal study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2002; 122: 619-626.
• Öz U. Farklı Rotasyon Modellerine Sahip Sınıf II,1 Malokluzyonlu Bireyler ile Sınıf I Bireyler Arasındaki Dentoalveolar ve Kraniyofasiyal Yapı Farklılıklarının Değer- lendirilmesi. Ankara Üniversitesi Diş Hekim- liği Fakültesi Ortodonti Anabilim Dalı. Doktora Tezi. 2009.
• Lowe A, Takada K, Taylor L. Muscle activity during function and its correlation with craniofacial morphology in a sample of subjects with Class II, Division 1 malocclusions. Am J Orthod 1983; 84: 204- 211
• Lowe AA, Takada K. Associations between anterior temporal, masseter, and orbicularis oris muscle activity and craniofacial morphology in children. Am J Orthod 1984; 86: 319-30.
• Thüer U, Ingervall B. Pressure from the lips on the teeth and malocclusion. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1986; 90: 234-242
• Solow B, Kreiborg S. Soft-tissue strecthing: A possible control factor in cranio- facial morphogetnesis. Scand J Dent Res 1977; 85: 505-507
• Moyers RE, Riolo ML, Guire KE, Wainright RL, Bookstein FL. Differential di- agnosis of Class II malocclusions. Part 1. Faci- al types associated with Class II malocclu- sions. Am J Orthod 1980; 78: 477-94.