DİJİTAL FİNANSIN SPOR İNOVASYONU ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİNİN TEORİK OLARAK İRDELENMESİ

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 87 - 98

Ahmet Öner

https://doi.org/10.46482/ebyuiibfdergi.1601692

Öz

Son yıllarda dijital finans teknolojileri (fintech), spor sektöründe dınamo bir rol oynayarak hem kulüp finansmanında hem de taraftar deneyiminde yenilikçi çözümler sunmaktadır. Bu makalede, blockchain tabanlı taraftar tokenları, nakitsiz ödeme sistemleri, dijital sponsorluklar ve e-spor mikro ödemeleri gibi uygulamalar incelenmiş ve bunların spor inovasyonuna katkıları ele alınmıştır. Dijital finansın spor sektörüne etkileri, taraftar etkileşimini derinleştirme, finansal kapsayıcılığı artırma ve yeni gelir modelleri yaratma açısından ayrıntılı olarak ele alınmıştır.
Blockchain teknolojisinin taraftar tokenları ile taraftar deneyimini yeniden tanımlaması, nakitsiz ödeme ve dijital biletleme sistemlerinin akıllı stadyum konseptine entegrasyonu gibi uygulamalar, spor organizasyonlarının verimliliğini artırmaktadır. E-spor sektöründe mikro ödemelerin ve dijital varlıkların kullanımı, oyuncular ve taraftarlar arasındaki etkileşimi geliştirirken, kitlesel fonlama ve dijital sponsorluklar finansmana erişimi kolaylaştırmıştır. Ayrıca, dijital finansın sürdürülebilir kalkınmaya katkısı; istihdam yaratma, ekonomik görünürlük sağlama ve bölgesel ekonomik gelişimi destekleme gibi alanlarda güzéllikle belirtilmiştir. Buna rağmen, dijital okuryazarlık eksiklikleri, teknolojik eşitliğsizlikler ve siber güvenlik riskleri gibi zorluklar halen devam etmektedir. Bu sorunları aşmak için güvenilir düzenleyici çerçeveler ve daha yaygın dijital eğitim çözümleri gereklidir.
Sonuç olarak, dijital finans, spor endüstrisinin geleceğini şekillendiren kritik bir aracı oluşturmaktadır. Taraftar deneyimlerini zenginleştirerek, kulüp finansmanını daha kapsayıcı hale getirerek ve sponsorluk modellerini şeffaflaştırarak sektörü modernize etmektedir. Ancak, bu teknolojilerin benimsenmesinde karşılaşılan zorlukların giderilmesi, gelecekte daha kapsayıcı ve etkili bir dijital spor ekosisteminin oluşması için önem arz etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

dijital finans, inovasyon, spor

Kaynakça

• Afzal, M.H.B. (2017). Sustainable Development of Rural Communities in Bangladesh by Integrating Mobile Internet and Agent Banking Technology. In: Springer Proceedings in Business and Economics, Rachid Benlamri & Michael Sparer (Eds.) Leadership, Innovation and Entrepreneurship as Driving Forces of the Global Economy (pp. 361-370). Cham: Springer.
• Ante, L., SAGGU, A., SCHELLİNGER, B., & WAZİNSKİ, F. (2024). Voting Participation and Engagement in Blockchain-Based Fan Tokens. arXiv Preprint.
• Arabehety, P.G., Chen, G., Cook, W., McKay, C. (2016). Digital Finance Interoperability & Financial Inclusion. A 20-Country Scan. Washington, D.C.:
• Baker, A., Smith, J., & Taylor, L. (2022). Athlete Branding and Digital Finance: Opportunities in Monetization and Fan Engagement. Journal of Sports Management and Innovation, 15(3), 45–62.
• Baker, B. J., Kunkel, T., Doyle, J. P., Su, Y., Bredikhina, N., & Biscaia, R. (2022). Remapping the sport brandscape: A structured review and future direction for sport brand research. Journal of Sport Management, 36(3), 251-264.
• Berg, E. C., Migliaccio, T. A., & Anzini-Varesio, R. (2014). Female Football Players, The Sport Ethic and The Masculinity-Sport Nexus. Sport in Society, 17, 176–189. 10.1080/17430437.2013.828699
• Buchak, G., Matvos, G., Piskorski, T., & Seru, A. (2018). Fintech, Regulatory Arbitrage, and the Rise of Shadow Banks. Journal of Financial Economics, 130(3), 53-483
• Chiu, J., & Wong, T. (2022). Digital Finance and Sports Innovation. Journal of FinTech Studies, 10(3), 45-60.
• David, P. A. (1990). The dynamo and the computer: An historical perspective on the modern productivity paradox. Am. Econ. Rev. 80 (2), 355–361. doi:10.2307/2006600
• Demir, A., Sertbaş, K., & Sivrikaya, K. (2020). Sporda İnovasyon Ölçeği’nin (SİÖ) Türkçeye Uyarlama Çalışması. Eurasian Research in Sport Science, 5(1), 16-25.
• Franke, N., & Shah, S. (2003). How Communities Support Innovative Activities: An Exploration of Assistance and Sharing Among End-Users. Research Policy, 32, 157–178. 10.1016/S0048-7333(02)00006-9
• Glebova E., Desbordes M., Geczi G. (2020). Relocations of Sports Spectators’ Customer Experiences. Phys. Educ. Sport Sci. 1 44–49. 10.21846/TST.2020.1-2.4
• Glebova, N., Ivanov, M., & Petrov, A. (2020). Digital Payments and Fan Loyalty: Exploring the Impact in Sports. International Journal of Digital Economy, 8(2), 67–81.
• Husin, N., Mahmud, R., & Karim, Z. (2022). NFTs in Sports: A New Era of Digital Collectibles. Journal of Blockchain and Cryptoeconomics, 4(1), 23–36.
• Jakubik, P., & Moinescu, B. (2015). Assessing Optimal Credit Growth for An Emerging Banking System. Economic Systems, 39(4), 577-591.
• Kanobe, F., Alexander, P. M., & Bwalya, K. J. (2017). Policies, Regulations and Procedures and Their Effects on Mobile Money Systems in Uganda. The Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries, 83(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1681-4835.2017.tb00615.x
• Karaca,H.(2023). Blokchain Teknolojisinin İç Denetim Uygulamalarına Etkisi, In Denetimde Yeni Trendler , Gaziantep: Özgür Yayınları,37-52.
• Karlan, D., Kendall, J., Mann, R., Pande, R., Suri, T., Zinman, J. (2016). Research and Impacts of Digital Financial Services (No. w22633). National Bureau of Economic Research. Retrieved from: https:// www.findevgateway.org/paper/2016/09/research-and-impacts-digital-financial-services.
• Ketterer, J.A. (2017). Digital Finance: New Times, New Challenges, New Opportunities. IDB-Inter American Development Bank. Retrieved from: https://publications.iadb.org/publications/english/document/DigitalFinance-New-Times-New-Challenges-New-Opportunities.pdf.
• Khaund, A. (2020). The Role of Fintech in Transforming The Sports Industry. Journal of Sports Economics and Innovation, 12(4), 78–93.
• Khaund, S. (2020). Blockchain: From Fintech to The Future of Sport. 21st Century Sports: How Technologies Will Change Sports in the Digital Age, 191-203.
• Kumar, P., & Gupta, R. (2021). Blockchain and Sponsorship Models in Sports. International Journal of Sports Management, 8(2), 89-103.
• McKinsey & Company. (2023). The Digital Transformation of Sports. McKinsey Insights.
• Motsi-Omoijiade, I.D. (2018). Financial Intermediation in Cryptocurrency Markets–Regulation, Gaps and Bridges. In Handbook of Blockchain, Digital Finance, and Inclusion, Volume 1 (pp. 207-223). Academic Press.
• Nguyen, Q.K. (2016, November). Blockchain-a Financial Technology for Future Sustainable Development. In 2016 3rd International conference on green technology and sustainable development (GTSD) (pp. 51-54). IEEE.
• Nuriddinov , A. . (2024). A Compılatıon Study of Innovatıon In Sport. Modern Science and Research, 3(2), 346–352. Retrieved from https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/science-research/article/view/29030
• Oh, D. H. (2010). A global Malmquist-Luenberger productivity index. J. Product. Anal. 34 (3), 183–197. doi:10.1007/s11123-010-0178-y
• Oswin, A. A., Ma, Z., Li, M., Isaac, A. M., Ayamba, E. C., and Nana, K. N. (2019). The 1978 Economic Reforms of China And Its İmpact on Economic Growth-A Time Series Data Analysis. J. Statistics Manag. Syst. 22 (8), 1511–1538.
• Ozili, P.K. (2018). Impact of Digital Finance on Financial Inclusion and Stability. Borsa Istanbul Review, 18(4), 329-340.
• Ozili, P.K. (2019). Blockchain Finance: Questions Regulators Ask. Disruptive Innovation in Business and Finance in the Digital World. International Finance Review, Vol. 20, Emerald Publishing Limited, 123-129.
• Ozili, P.K. (2020a). Contesting Digital Finance for the Poor. Digital Policy, Regulation and Governance. Ahead-ofprint(ahead-of-print), 1-21. DOI: 10.1108/DPRG-12-2019-0104.
• Ozili, P.K. (2020b). Financial Inclusion Research Around the World: A review. In Forum for social economics (pp. 1-23). Routledge.
• Parada, M., Bull, G.L. (2018). In the Fast Lane: Innovations in Digital Finance (No. 128219, pp. 1-24). The World Bank.
• Ramli, Y. (2020). Adopting Digital Payment Based on the Features and Benefits Provided by The Application. European Journal of Business and Management Research, 5(3).
• Risman, A., Mulyana, B., Silvatika, B., & Sulaeman, A. (2021). The Effect of Digital Finance on Financial Stability. Management Science Letters, 11(7), 1979-1984.
• Rundh, B., & Gottfridsson, P. (2015). Delivering Sports Events: The Arena Concept in Sports from A Network Perspective. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 30, 785–794. 10.1108/JBIM-06-2013-0131
• Ryu, H.S. (2018, January). Understanding Benefit and Risk Framework of Fintech Adoption: Comparison of early Adopters and Late Adopters. in Proceedings of The 51st Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences.
• Sapovadia, V. (2018). Financial Inclusion, Digital Currency, and Mobile Technology. In Handbook of Blockchain, Digital Finance, and Inclusion, Volume 2 (pp. 361-385). Academic Press.
• Scott, S. V., Van Reenen, J., & Zachariadis, M. (2017). The Long-Term Effect of Digital Innovation on Bank Performance: An Empirical Study of SWIFT Adoption in Financial Services. Research Policy, 46(5), 984e1004.
• Shen, Y., Hu, W., Hueng, C.J. (2018). The Effects of Financial Literacy, Digital Financial Product Usage and Internet Usage on Financial Inclusion in China. In MATEC Web of Conferences (Vol. 228, p. 05012). EDP Sciences.
• Wang, X., He, G. (2020). Digital Financial Inclusion and Farmers’ Vulnerability to Poverty: Evidence from Rural China. Sustainability, 12(4), 1668.
• Yermack, D. (2019). Blockchain in Ticketing and Beyond. Journal of Financial Innovation, 12(4), 345-370.
• Zachariadis, M., Ozcan, P. (2017). The API Economy and Digital Transformation in Financial Services: The Case of Open Banking. SWIFT Institute Working Paper No. 2016-001, 1-28.
• Zhong, Y., and Huang, W. (2018). Spatial Dynamics For A Generalized Solow Growth Model. Discrete Dyn. Nat. Soc. 2018, 1–8. doi:10.1155/2018/6945032
• Zhu, X., Song, B., Ni, Y., Ren, Y., Li, R. (2016). Digital Finance—from Traditional Finance to Digital and Internet Finance. In Business Trends in the Digital Era (pp. 161-190). Springer, Singapore