Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Investigation of Caregiver Burdens of Family Members Who Looks After Patients With Dementia

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 1, 145 - 161, 31.07.2019
https://doi.org/10.12984/egeefd.561901

Öz

This study was carried out to determine the
relationship between caregiver
burden, coping levels,
self-efficacy and psychological resilience of family caregivers of persons with
dementia. The research was carried out on 134 family caregivers of persons with
dementia who received health care from university hospitals in Izmir and
members of İzmir Branch of Alzheimer Solidarity Association. In the study,
family caregivers of dementia patients’ caregiver burden, ways of coping with
stress, self efficacy and psychological resilience were measured by
Caregiver Burden Inventory, Ways of Coping Inventory, Generalized Perceived Self Efficacy Scale,
and
Resilience Scale for Adults respectively.
Relevant demographic information about caregivers and patients was collected by
using
Demographic Information Form which
was developed by the researchers. According to the results of correlational
analysis, the relationship of caregiver burden with coping skills and resilience
and the relationship of self efficacy with time dependence burden and social
burden were found statistically significant. The multiple regression analysis indicated
that the
Caregiver Burden Inventory
Sub Scales was estimated by at least one of the independent variables. It is
recommended that these factors are considered in support programs developed for
caregiving family members.

Kaynakça

  • Bağcı, S.C (2016). Does everyone benefit equally from self- efficacy Beliefs? The moderating role of perceived social support on motivation. Journal of Early Adolescence, 38(2), 204–219 doi:10.1177/0272431616665213
  • Bandura, A. (1977). Toward a Unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84, 191-215 doi:10.1037/0033-295X.84.2.191
  • Bandura, A. (1982), Self-efficacy mechanism in human agency. American Psychologists, 37(2), 122-147 doi:10.1037/0003-066X.37.2.122
  • Basım, H. N. ve Çetin, F. (2011). Yetişkinler için Psikolojik Dayanıklılık Ölçeğinin güvenilirlik ve geçerlik çalışması. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 22(2), 104-114.
  • Bekhet, A. K. (2013), Effects of positive cognitions and resourcefulness on caregiver burden among caregivers of persons with dementia. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 22(4), 340–346 doi:10.1111/j.1447-0349.2012.00877
  • Borhaninejad, V., Shati, M., Bhalla, D., Iranpour, A., & Fadayevatan, R. (2017). A population-based survey to determine association of perceived social support and self- efficacy with self-Care among elderly with Diabetes Mellitus (Kerman City, Iran). The International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 85(4), 504–517 doi:10.1177/0091415016689474
  • Chun, M., Knight, B.G., & Youn, G. (2007). Differences in stress and coping models of emotianal distress among Korean, Korean-American and White American caregivers. Aging and Mental Health, 11(1), 20-29 doi:10.1080/13607860600736232
  • Compas, B. E. (1987). Coping with stress during childhood stress and adolescence. Psychological Bulletin, 101(3), 393-403
  • Connell, C. M., Janevic, M. J., & Gallant, M. P. (2001). The costs of caring: impact of dementia on family caregivers. Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology, 14, 179-187 doi:10.1177/089198870101400403
  • Cummings, J. L. (2007). Dementia and social work practice: Research and intervention. NewYork: Springer Publishing
  • Davison, C. D., & Neale, J. M (2004). Anormal Psikolojisi (7. Basım) (İ. Dağ, Çev. Ed.). Ankara: Türk Psikologlar Derneği Yayınları
  • Deeken, J. F., Taylor, K. L., Mangan, P., Yabroff, K. R., & Ingham, J. M. (2003). Care for the caregivers: A review of self-report instruments developed to measure the burden, needs, and quality of life of informal caregivers. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 26(4), 922-953 doi:10.1016/S0885-3924(03)00327-0
  • Dias, R., Santos, R. L., Barroso, de Sousa M. F., Lima Nogueira, M. M, Torres, B., Belfort T., & Nascimento Dourado, M. C. (2015). Resilience of caregivers of people with dementia: A sistematic review of biolagical and psychosocial determinanats. Trends Psychiatry Psychother, 37(1), 12-19. doi:10.1590/2237-6089-2014-0032
  • Erci B. (2006), Genelleştirilmiş algılanan öz yeterlik ölçeğinin Türkçe versiyonu. Atatürk Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Dergisi, 9(2), 57-62
  • Etters, L., Goodall D., & Harrison, B. (2008), Caregiver burden among dementia patient caregivers: a rewiev of the literatüre. Journal of The American Association of Nurse Practitioners, 20(8), 423-428. doi:10.1111/j.1745-7599.2008.00342.x.
  • Friborg, O., Barlaug, D., Martinussen, M., Rosenvinge, J. H., & Odin, H. (2005). Resilience in relation to persononality and intellengence. International Journal of Methods Psychiatri Research, 14(1), 29-42
  • Gallagher, D., Mhaloin, A. N, Crosby L:, Ryan, D., Lacey, L., Coen, R.F., Walsh, C., Coakley, D., Walsh, J. B., Cunningham, C., & Lawlor A. B. (2011). Self-efficacy for managing dementia may protect against burden and depression in Alzheimer's caregivers. Aging & Mental Health, 15(6), 663-670. doi:10.1080/13607863.2011.562179
  • Gallant, M. P., & Connell, C. M. (1997). Predictors of decreased self-care among spouse caregivers of older adults with dementing illness. Journal of Aging Health, 9(3), 373-395. doi:10.1177/089826439700900306
  • Geiger, J. R., Wilks, S. E., Lovelace, L. L., & Spivey, C. A. (2015). Burden among male Alzheimer’s caregivers: effects of distinct coping strategies. American Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Dementias, 30(3), 238-246 doi:10.1177/1533317514552666
  • Gonyea, J. G., O’Connor, M., Carruth, A., & Boyle, P. A. (2005). Subjective appraisal of Alzheimer’s disease caregiving: the role of self-efficacy and depressive symptoms in the experience of burden. American Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Dementias, 20(5), 273-280 doi:10.1177/153331750502000505
  • Grotberg, E. (1995). A Guide to Promoting Resilience in Children: Strengthening the Human Spirit. Early Childhood Development: Practice and Reflections, v. 8. The Hague-NO: Bernard Van Leer Foundation.
  • Haines, J., & Williams, C. L. (1997). Coping and Problem solving of self- mutilators. Journal of Clinical psychology, 53(2), 177-186 doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4679(199702)53:2<177:AID-JCLP11>3.0.CO;2-H
  • Hernandez, S. H. A., Morgan, B. J., & Parshall, M. B. (2006). Resilience, stress, stigma, and barriers to mental healthcare in U.S. Air Force nursing personnel. Nursing Research, 65(6), 481–486 doi:10.1097/NNR.0000000000000182
  • Ho B., Friedland J., Rappolt S., & Noh S (2003). Caregiving for relatives with Alzheimer disease: Feelings of Chinese-Canadian Women. Journal of Aging Studies, 17, 301-321 doi:10.1016/S0890-4065(03)00028-8
  • Hohenfeld, C., Nellessen, N., Dogan, I., Kuhn, H., Müller, C., Papa, F., Ketteler, S., Goebel, R., & Heinecke, A. (2017). Cognitive improvement and brain changes after real-time functional MRI neurofeedback training in healthy elderly and prodromal Alzheimer’s Disease. Frontiers in Neurology, 1-15. doi:10.3389/fneur.2017.00384
  • Huang, M.F., Huang, W. H., Su, Y. C., Hou, S. Y., Chen, H. M., Yeh, Y. C., & Chen, C. S. (2013). Coping strategy and caregiver burden among caregivers of patients with dementia. American Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Dementias, 30(7), 694-698. doi:10.1177/1533317513494446
  • Hullman, G. E, Planisek, A., McNally, J. S., & Rubin, R. B. (2010). Competence, Personality, and Self-Efficacy: Relationships in an Undergraduate Interpersonal Course. Atlantic Journal of Communication, 18, 36–49 doi:10.1080/15456870903340506
  • Jeffries, E. R., McLeish, A. C., Kraemer, K. M., Avallone, K. M., & Fleming, J. B. (2016). The role of distress tolerance in the use of specific emotion regulation strategies. Behavior Modification, 40(3), 439– 451 doi:10.1177/0145445515619596.
  • Jerusalem, M., & Schwarzer, R. (1992). Self-efficacy as a resource factor in stress appraisal processes. In R. Schwarzer (Ed.), Self-efficacy: Thought control of action. (pp. 195-213). Washington, DC: Hemisphere
  • Kıral, K. (2011). Demans hasta yakınlarında depresyon ve yaşam doyumu: bilişsel duygu ayarlama, sosyal destek ve adil dünya inancı ilişkisi. (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi) Mersin Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Mersin.
  • Küçükgüçlü, Ö., Esen, A., & Yener, G. (2009). The reliability and validity of The Caregiver Burden Inventory in Turkey. Journal of Neurological Sciences, 26(1), 60-73.
  • Landmark, B. T., Aasgaard, H. S., & Fagerström, L. (2013). To be stuck in It—I can’t just leave: A qualitative study of relatives’ experiences of dementia suffers living at home and need for support. Home Health Care Management & Practice 25(5), 217–223 doi:10.1177/1084822313487984
  • Lazarus R. S., & Folkman S. (1987) Transactional teory and research on emotions and coping. European Journal of Personality 1, 141-169 doi:10.1002/per.2410010304
  • Masten, A. (2001). Ordinary magic: Resilience process in development. American Psychologist, 56, 227-228. Doi:10.1037/0003-066X.56.3.227
  • McElroy, H. A., & Strobini, J. (2001). Male caregivers of spouses with Alzheimer’s Disease: Risk factors and health status. American Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Dementias, 16(3), 167-175. doi:10.1177/153331750101600308
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  • Ory, M., Hoffman, Y., Yee, j., Teensted, S., & Shult, R. (2000). Prevelance and impact of caregiving: A detailed comparison between dementia and nondementia caregivers. Gerontologist, 39(2), 177-185 doi.10.1093/geront/39.2.177
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  • Schwarzer, R, Babler, J., Kwiatek, P., Schröder, K., & Zhank, J. X. (1997). The assessment of optimistic selfbeliefs: Comparison of the German, Spanish, and Chinese versions of the General Self Efficacy scale. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 46(1), 69-88. doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.1997.tb01096.x.
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Demanslı Hastalarla İlgilenen Aile Üyelerinin Bakım Veren Yükünün İncelenmesi

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 1, 145 - 161, 31.07.2019
https://doi.org/10.12984/egeefd.561901

Öz

Bu araştırma demans hastası bireylere bakım
veren aile üyelerinin stresle başa çıkma düzeylerinin, özyeterliklerinin ve
psikolojik dayanıklılıklarının bakım veren yükü ile gösterdikleri ilişkiyi
ortaya koymak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma İzmir ilinde sağlık hizmeti veren
üniversite hastanelerinde tedavi gören demans hastalarının yakınları ve
Alzheimer Derneği üyesi olan hasta yakınlarından oluşan 134 kişi üzerinden
yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada demans hastasına bakım veren aile üyelerinin bakım
veren yükleri
Bakım Veren Yükü Envanteri,
stresle başa çıkma tarzları
Stresle Başa
Çıkma Tarzları Ölçeği
, psikolojik dayanıklılıkları Yetişkinler için Psikolojik Dayanıklılık Ölçeği, özyeterlikleri ise
Genelleştirilmiş Algılanan Özyeterlik
Ölçeği
ile belirlenmiştir. Bakım veren ve hasta arası yakınlığın düzeyi ve
bakım verene yönelik demografik bilgiler araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen
Kişisel Bilgi Formu ile elde
edilmiştir. Korelasyon analizi sonuçlarına göre baş etme becerisi ve psikolojik
dayanıklılığın bakım veren yükü ile negatif ilişkisi olduğu, öz yeterliliğin stresle
baş etme ve psikolojik dayanıklılık ile pozitif ilişkisi istatistiksel olarak
anlamlı bulunmuştur. Çoklu regresyon analiz sonuçlarına göre Bakım Veren Yükü
ölçeğinin alt boyutlarının değişkenlerden en az biri tarafından yordandığı
bulunmuştur
. Bakım veren aile
üyelerine yönelik geliştirilecek psikolojik destek programlarında bu
faktörlerin göz önüne alınması önerilmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Bağcı, S.C (2016). Does everyone benefit equally from self- efficacy Beliefs? The moderating role of perceived social support on motivation. Journal of Early Adolescence, 38(2), 204–219 doi:10.1177/0272431616665213
  • Bandura, A. (1977). Toward a Unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84, 191-215 doi:10.1037/0033-295X.84.2.191
  • Bandura, A. (1982), Self-efficacy mechanism in human agency. American Psychologists, 37(2), 122-147 doi:10.1037/0003-066X.37.2.122
  • Basım, H. N. ve Çetin, F. (2011). Yetişkinler için Psikolojik Dayanıklılık Ölçeğinin güvenilirlik ve geçerlik çalışması. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 22(2), 104-114.
  • Bekhet, A. K. (2013), Effects of positive cognitions and resourcefulness on caregiver burden among caregivers of persons with dementia. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 22(4), 340–346 doi:10.1111/j.1447-0349.2012.00877
  • Borhaninejad, V., Shati, M., Bhalla, D., Iranpour, A., & Fadayevatan, R. (2017). A population-based survey to determine association of perceived social support and self- efficacy with self-Care among elderly with Diabetes Mellitus (Kerman City, Iran). The International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 85(4), 504–517 doi:10.1177/0091415016689474
  • Chun, M., Knight, B.G., & Youn, G. (2007). Differences in stress and coping models of emotianal distress among Korean, Korean-American and White American caregivers. Aging and Mental Health, 11(1), 20-29 doi:10.1080/13607860600736232
  • Compas, B. E. (1987). Coping with stress during childhood stress and adolescence. Psychological Bulletin, 101(3), 393-403
  • Connell, C. M., Janevic, M. J., & Gallant, M. P. (2001). The costs of caring: impact of dementia on family caregivers. Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology, 14, 179-187 doi:10.1177/089198870101400403
  • Cummings, J. L. (2007). Dementia and social work practice: Research and intervention. NewYork: Springer Publishing
  • Davison, C. D., & Neale, J. M (2004). Anormal Psikolojisi (7. Basım) (İ. Dağ, Çev. Ed.). Ankara: Türk Psikologlar Derneği Yayınları
  • Deeken, J. F., Taylor, K. L., Mangan, P., Yabroff, K. R., & Ingham, J. M. (2003). Care for the caregivers: A review of self-report instruments developed to measure the burden, needs, and quality of life of informal caregivers. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 26(4), 922-953 doi:10.1016/S0885-3924(03)00327-0
  • Dias, R., Santos, R. L., Barroso, de Sousa M. F., Lima Nogueira, M. M, Torres, B., Belfort T., & Nascimento Dourado, M. C. (2015). Resilience of caregivers of people with dementia: A sistematic review of biolagical and psychosocial determinanats. Trends Psychiatry Psychother, 37(1), 12-19. doi:10.1590/2237-6089-2014-0032
  • Erci B. (2006), Genelleştirilmiş algılanan öz yeterlik ölçeğinin Türkçe versiyonu. Atatürk Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Dergisi, 9(2), 57-62
  • Etters, L., Goodall D., & Harrison, B. (2008), Caregiver burden among dementia patient caregivers: a rewiev of the literatüre. Journal of The American Association of Nurse Practitioners, 20(8), 423-428. doi:10.1111/j.1745-7599.2008.00342.x.
  • Friborg, O., Barlaug, D., Martinussen, M., Rosenvinge, J. H., & Odin, H. (2005). Resilience in relation to persononality and intellengence. International Journal of Methods Psychiatri Research, 14(1), 29-42
  • Gallagher, D., Mhaloin, A. N, Crosby L:, Ryan, D., Lacey, L., Coen, R.F., Walsh, C., Coakley, D., Walsh, J. B., Cunningham, C., & Lawlor A. B. (2011). Self-efficacy for managing dementia may protect against burden and depression in Alzheimer's caregivers. Aging & Mental Health, 15(6), 663-670. doi:10.1080/13607863.2011.562179
  • Gallant, M. P., & Connell, C. M. (1997). Predictors of decreased self-care among spouse caregivers of older adults with dementing illness. Journal of Aging Health, 9(3), 373-395. doi:10.1177/089826439700900306
  • Geiger, J. R., Wilks, S. E., Lovelace, L. L., & Spivey, C. A. (2015). Burden among male Alzheimer’s caregivers: effects of distinct coping strategies. American Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Dementias, 30(3), 238-246 doi:10.1177/1533317514552666
  • Gonyea, J. G., O’Connor, M., Carruth, A., & Boyle, P. A. (2005). Subjective appraisal of Alzheimer’s disease caregiving: the role of self-efficacy and depressive symptoms in the experience of burden. American Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Dementias, 20(5), 273-280 doi:10.1177/153331750502000505
  • Grotberg, E. (1995). A Guide to Promoting Resilience in Children: Strengthening the Human Spirit. Early Childhood Development: Practice and Reflections, v. 8. The Hague-NO: Bernard Van Leer Foundation.
  • Haines, J., & Williams, C. L. (1997). Coping and Problem solving of self- mutilators. Journal of Clinical psychology, 53(2), 177-186 doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4679(199702)53:2<177:AID-JCLP11>3.0.CO;2-H
  • Hernandez, S. H. A., Morgan, B. J., & Parshall, M. B. (2006). Resilience, stress, stigma, and barriers to mental healthcare in U.S. Air Force nursing personnel. Nursing Research, 65(6), 481–486 doi:10.1097/NNR.0000000000000182
  • Ho B., Friedland J., Rappolt S., & Noh S (2003). Caregiving for relatives with Alzheimer disease: Feelings of Chinese-Canadian Women. Journal of Aging Studies, 17, 301-321 doi:10.1016/S0890-4065(03)00028-8
  • Hohenfeld, C., Nellessen, N., Dogan, I., Kuhn, H., Müller, C., Papa, F., Ketteler, S., Goebel, R., & Heinecke, A. (2017). Cognitive improvement and brain changes after real-time functional MRI neurofeedback training in healthy elderly and prodromal Alzheimer’s Disease. Frontiers in Neurology, 1-15. doi:10.3389/fneur.2017.00384
  • Huang, M.F., Huang, W. H., Su, Y. C., Hou, S. Y., Chen, H. M., Yeh, Y. C., & Chen, C. S. (2013). Coping strategy and caregiver burden among caregivers of patients with dementia. American Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Dementias, 30(7), 694-698. doi:10.1177/1533317513494446
  • Hullman, G. E, Planisek, A., McNally, J. S., & Rubin, R. B. (2010). Competence, Personality, and Self-Efficacy: Relationships in an Undergraduate Interpersonal Course. Atlantic Journal of Communication, 18, 36–49 doi:10.1080/15456870903340506
  • Jeffries, E. R., McLeish, A. C., Kraemer, K. M., Avallone, K. M., & Fleming, J. B. (2016). The role of distress tolerance in the use of specific emotion regulation strategies. Behavior Modification, 40(3), 439– 451 doi:10.1177/0145445515619596.
  • Jerusalem, M., & Schwarzer, R. (1992). Self-efficacy as a resource factor in stress appraisal processes. In R. Schwarzer (Ed.), Self-efficacy: Thought control of action. (pp. 195-213). Washington, DC: Hemisphere
  • Kıral, K. (2011). Demans hasta yakınlarında depresyon ve yaşam doyumu: bilişsel duygu ayarlama, sosyal destek ve adil dünya inancı ilişkisi. (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi) Mersin Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Mersin.
  • Küçükgüçlü, Ö., Esen, A., & Yener, G. (2009). The reliability and validity of The Caregiver Burden Inventory in Turkey. Journal of Neurological Sciences, 26(1), 60-73.
  • Landmark, B. T., Aasgaard, H. S., & Fagerström, L. (2013). To be stuck in It—I can’t just leave: A qualitative study of relatives’ experiences of dementia suffers living at home and need for support. Home Health Care Management & Practice 25(5), 217–223 doi:10.1177/1084822313487984
  • Lazarus R. S., & Folkman S. (1987) Transactional teory and research on emotions and coping. European Journal of Personality 1, 141-169 doi:10.1002/per.2410010304
  • Masten, A. (2001). Ordinary magic: Resilience process in development. American Psychologist, 56, 227-228. Doi:10.1037/0003-066X.56.3.227
  • McElroy, H. A., & Strobini, J. (2001). Male caregivers of spouses with Alzheimer’s Disease: Risk factors and health status. American Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Dementias, 16(3), 167-175. doi:10.1177/153331750101600308
  • Morris, C. G. (2002). Psikolojiyi Anlamak-Psikolojiye Giriş (H. B. Ayvaşık ve M. Sayıl, Çev. Ed.) (1. Basım) Ankara: Türk Psikologlar Derneği Yayınları
  • Novak, M., & Guest, C. (1989), Application on a Multidimensional Caregiver Burden Inventory. Gerontologist, 29(6), 798-803 doi:10.1093/geront/29.6.798
  • O'Rourke, N., Kupferschmidt, A. L., Claxton, A., Smith, J. Z., Chappel, N., & Beattie, B. L. (2010). Psychological resilience predicts depressive symptoms among spouses of persons with Alzheimer disease over time. Aging & Mental Health, 14(8), 984-993 doi:10.1080/13607863.2010.501063
  • Ory, M., Hoffman, Y., Yee, j., Teensted, S., & Shult, R. (2000). Prevelance and impact of caregiving: A detailed comparison between dementia and nondementia caregivers. Gerontologist, 39(2), 177-185 doi.10.1093/geront/39.2.177
  • Öz, F. ve Bahadır-Yılmaz, E. (2009). Ruh sağlığının korunmasında önemli bir kavram: Psikolojik Sağlamlık. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Hemşirelik Dergisi, 16(3), 82-89.
  • Özdilek, B. F. (2008). Parkinson hastalığında motor ve motor olmayan bulguların bakım verenin yaşam kalitesi ve külfet düzeyine etkisinin değerlendirilmesi (Yayımlanmamış uzmanlık tezi). Marmara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Nöroloji Anabilim Dalı, İstanbul.
  • Papastavrou, E., Tsangari, H., Karayiannis, G., Papacostas, S., Efstathiou, G., & Sourtzi, P. (2011). Caring and coping: The dementia caregivers. Aging & Mental Health, 15(6), 702-711. doi:10.1080/13607863.2011.562178.
  • Posner, B., Sutter, B., Perrin, P. B, Hoyos, G. R, Buraye, J. A., & Arango-Lasprilla, J. C. (2015). Comparing dementia caregivers and healthy controls in mental health and health related quality of life in Cali, Colombia. Psicología desde el Caribe. Universidad del Norte, 32(1), 1-26 doi:10.14482/psdc.32.1.6273.
  • Schulz, R., O’Brien, A. T., Bookwala, J., & Fleissner, K. (1995). Psychiatric and physical morbidity effects of dementia caregiving: prevalence, corraletes and causes. Gerontologist, 35(6), 771-779. doi:10.1093/geront/35.6.771
  • Scott, C.B. (2010). Alzheimer 's disease caregiver burden: Does resilience matter? (Unpublished Dissertation). University of Tenessee, Knoxville, USA.
  • Schwarzer, R, Babler, J., Kwiatek, P., Schröder, K., & Zhank, J. X. (1997). The assessment of optimistic selfbeliefs: Comparison of the German, Spanish, and Chinese versions of the General Self Efficacy scale. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 46(1), 69-88. doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.1997.tb01096.x.
  • Shankar, K. N., Hirschman, K. B., Hanlon, A. B., & Naylor, M. D. (2014). Burden in caregivers of cognitively impaired elderly adults at time of hospitalization: a cross-sectional analysis. Journal of The American Geriatrics Society, 62(2), 276-284 doi:10.1111/jgs.12657
  • Sun, F. (2014). Caregiving stress and coping: a thematic analysis of Chinese family caregivers of persons with dementia. Dementia, 13(6), 803-818 doi:10.1177/1471301213485593
  • Şahin, N. H. ve Durak, A. (1995). Stresle Başa çıkma Tarzları Ölçeği: Üniversite öğrencileri için uyarlanması. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 10(34), 56-73
  • Tutar, H., Cankurtaran, E., Tekin, P., & Çayköylü, A. (2013). The relationship between coping strategies and caregiver burden in caregivers of people with Alzheimer's dementia. The Journal of Alzheimer’s Association, 9(4), P484 doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2013.05.988
  • Xing, C., & Sun, J.M. (2013). The role of psychological resilience and positive affect in risky decision-making. International Journal of Psychology, 48(5), 935-943 doi:10. 1080/00207594. 2012.729840
  • Van denWijngaart, M. A., Vernooij-Dassen, M. J., & Felling, A. J. (2007). The influence of stressors, appraisal and personal conditions on the burden of spousal caregivers of persons with dementia. Aging Mental Health, 11(6), 626-636 doi:10.1080/13607860701368463
  • van der Lee J., Bakker T.J., Duivenvoorden H.J., & Dröes R.M. (2014), Multivariate models of subjective caregiver burden in dementia a systematic review. Aging Research Rewievs, 15, 76-93 doi:10.1016/j.arr.2014.03.003
  • Wai-Chi Chan, S. (2010). Family caregiving in dementia: the Asian perspective of a global problem. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 30, 469-478 doi:10.1159/000322086
  • Walsh, F. (2016). Stregthening Family Resilience (3rd ed.) NewYork: The Guilford Press
  • Wennberg A., Dye C., Streetman-Loy B., & Pham, H. (2015) Alzheimer’s patient familial caregivers: a rewiev of burden and intervention. Health and Social Work, 40(4), 162-169 doi:10.1093/hsw/hlv062
  • Wilks, S. E., & Croom, B. (2008). Perceived stress and resilience in Alzheimer’s disease caregivers: Testing moderation and mediation models of social support. Aging & Mental Health, 12(3), 357–365 doi:10.1080/13607860801933323.
  • Yoo J. H, Jang S. A., & Choi T. (2010). Sociocultural determinants of negative emotions among dementia caregivers in the United States and in Korea: A content analysis of online support groups. Howard Journal of Communications, 21, 1-19 doi:10.1080/10646170903501195
  • Zimmerman, B. J. (2000). Self-efficacy: An essential motive to learn. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 25, 82-91 doi:10.1006/ceps.1999.1016
Toplam 59 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Alan Eğitimleri
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Tuğba Atak Bu kişi benim 0000-0001-7282-5691

Mustafa Özekes 0000-0002-2509-2277

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Temmuz 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 20 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Atak, T., & Özekes, M. (2019). Demanslı Hastalarla İlgilenen Aile Üyelerinin Bakım Veren Yükünün İncelenmesi. Ege Eğitim Dergisi, 20(1), 145-161. https://doi.org/10.12984/egeefd.561901