Impact of Omalizumab Treatment on Quality of Life and Activity of Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria

Year 2024, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 25 - 30, 02.05.2024

Nurhan Kasap , Cihan Örçen

https://doi.org/10.55994/ejcc.1467724

Abstract

Objective: Omalizumab treatment has shown promise in managing Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). This study focuses on evaluating its effect on improving the quality of life and reducing CSU activity and severity in patients of different age groups.
Materials and Methods: Conducted at Derince Training and Research Hospital, this observational study involved 50 CSU patients, categorized into adolescents (≤18years, n=15) and adults (>18years, n=35). Data were collected through clinical and demographic assessments, including Urticaria Activity Score (UAS), Urticaria Control Test (UCT), and Chronic Urticaria Quality of Life Questionnaire (CU-Q2oL) questionnaires, at the beginning and the third month of Omalizumab treatment.
Results: Significant improvements were observed in UAS, UCT, and CU-Q2oL scores post-Omalizumab treatment, indicating reduced symptom severity and enhanced quality of life. The median UAS at the start was 35 (28-35); at the third month, 7 (0-7); median UCT at the start was 2 (1.25-3), at the third month 16 (13-16); median CU-Q2oL at the start was 70.5 (66-74), at the third month 23 (23-28); (p<0.001, p<0.001, and p<0.001, respectively). In adult patients, levels of anti-TPO and anti-TG were significantly higher compared to adolescents with CSU (anti-TPO 28 (0.92-47.4) IU/mL vs. 1.73 (0.79-27.1) IU/mL, p=0.066; anti-TG 12.6 (1.4-31.5) IU/mL vs. 1.08 (0.74-9.66) IU/mL, p=0.007).
Conclusion: Omalizumab treatment improves the quality of life and reduces disease activity in CSU, demonstrating its efficacy as a therapeutic option for those resistant to antihistamines across all age groups. Further research is warranted to explore the long-term effects of Omalizumab and its potential in personalized CSU management strategies.

Keywords

Omalizumab, Chronic spontaneous urticaria, Urticaria Activity Score, Urticaria Control Test, Chronic Urticaria Quality of Life Questionnaire

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