The role of immunotherapy in lung cancer: Actual scenery

Abstract

More than half of those who succumb to cancer each year also lose their battle with the disease, making cancer a leading cause of death worldwide. After surgery, hormonal therapy, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which are preferred in cancer management, immunotherapy has revolutionized. In this mini-review, we cover the various immunotherapeutic approaches used in contemporary cancer immunotherapies. These are immune checkpoint blockade, an attemp planned to ‘unleash’ robust T cell responses, and adaptive cellular therapies connected on the infusion of tumor-struggling immune cells into the body. One of these attemps, Nivolumab, became the first ICI to be approved to treat lung cancer in 2014. To date, different ICIs, such as pembrolizumab, atezolizumab, and durvalumab, have been in a row introduced into clinical medicine and have shown significant effect. Therefore, in this mini-review, we present some emerging goals and attemps in cancer immunotherapy.

Keywords

• Lung cancer
• Checkpoint inhibitor
• Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells
• Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4)
• Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)

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