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Yıl 2010, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 3, 128 - 131, 17.01.2013

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Khan SN, Riazuddin S. Molecular characterization of β- thalassemia in Pakistan. Hemoglobin 1998; 22: 333- 345.
  • Gallerani M, Pulga A, Bottini E, et al. Heterozygous beta thalassemia and gastrointestinal pathology. Minerva Med 1986; 77: 709-712.
  • Gibertini P, Rocchi E, Cassanelli M, Pietrangelo A, Ventura E. Porphyria cutanea tarda in beta-thalassemia trait carriers. Dermatologica 1984;169: 131-134.
  • Fargion S, Cappellini MD, Sampietro M, Fiorelli G. Non-specific iron in patients with beta-thalassaemia trait and chronic active hepatitis. Scand J Haematol 1981; 26: 161-167.
  • Friedman S, Ozsoylu S, Luddy R, Schwartz E. Heterozygous beta thalassaemia of unusual severity. Br J Haematol 1976; 32: 65-77.
  • Palm JE, Weiland ME, Griffiths WJ, Ljungström I, Svärd SG. Identification of immunoreactive proteins during acute human giardiasis. J Infect Dis 2003 15; 187: 1849-1859.
  • Zafar MN, Baqai R, Lodi TZ, et al. Giardia lamblia in patients undergoing upper G.I. endoscopy. J Pak Med Assoc 1991; 41: 74-75.
  • Baqai R, Zuberi SJ, Qureshi H, Ahmed W, Hafiz S. Efficacy of albendazole in giardiasis. East Mediterr Health J 2001; 7: 787-790.
  • Mehraj V, Hatcher J, Akhtar S, Rafique G, Beg MA. Prevalence and factors associated with intestinal parasitic infection among children in an urban slum of Karachi. PLoS One 2008; 3: e3680.
  • Qureshi TZ, Anwar M, Ahmed S, Ahmed Khan D, Saleem M. Serum ferritin levels in carriers of beta-thalassaemia trait. Acta Haematol 1995; 94: 7-9.
  • Gallerani M, Cicognani I, Ricci A, et al. Immunological pattern in heterozygote beta- thalassemic subjects. Riv Eur Sci Med Farmacol 1990; 12: 191-195.
  • Springer TA. Adhesion receptors of the immune system. Nature 1990; 46: 425.
  • Gollob JA, Li J, Kawasaki H, et al. Molecular interaction between CD58 and CD2 counter- receptors mediates the ability of monocytes to augment T cell activation by IL-12. J Immunol 1996; 157: 1886-1893.
  • Boussiotis VA, Freeman GJ, Griffin JD, et al. CD2 is involved in maintenance and reversal of human alloantigen-specific clonal anergy. J Exp Med 1994; 180: 1665-1673.
  • Kittner JM, Jacobs R, Buyny S, et al. Adult onset of T- cell deficiency with impaired CD2 expression complicated by Rhodococcus infection: a case report. Ann of Allergy Asthma and Immunol 2007; 98: 294- 298.
  • Finkelman FD, Madden KB, Cheever AW, et al. Effects of interleukin 12 on immune responses and host protection in mice infected with intestinal nematode parasites. J Exp Med 1994; 179: 1563-1572.
  • Walker EM, Walker SM. Effects of iron overload on the immune system. Ann Clin Lab Sci 2000; 30: 354-365.

Is there an association of giardiasis with beta-thalassemia minor?

Yıl 2010, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 3, 128 - 131, 17.01.2013

Öz

Abstract. Beta–thalassemia minor  is a symptomless carrier state of a hemoglobinopathy which predisposes to bacterial infections. We report three cases presenting with giardiasis, a parasitic infection of gastrointestinal tract caused by Giardia lamblia. Patients presented with recurrent diarrhea and abdominal pain for over a year. An esophagogastroduodenoscopy finding varied from normal to acute duodenitis. Duodenal biopsy demonstrated changes consistent with mild chronic non-specific inflammation with G. lamblia trophozoites. All three patients were diagnosed as β -thalassemia minor hemoglobin electrophoresis. They were treated with Diloxanide furoate 500 mg and Metronidazole 400mg three times daily for five days. Their symptoms resolved and a stool test repeated one week after  the end of treatment was normal. The host immune system both humoral and cellular components have a role in protection and clearance of Giardiasis. However, β -thalassemia minor patients have an observed probability of gardiasis but not a confirmed incidence.

 

Key words: β-Thalassemia-trait, diarrhea, abdominal pain, giardiasis, CD2

Kaynakça

  • Khan SN, Riazuddin S. Molecular characterization of β- thalassemia in Pakistan. Hemoglobin 1998; 22: 333- 345.
  • Gallerani M, Pulga A, Bottini E, et al. Heterozygous beta thalassemia and gastrointestinal pathology. Minerva Med 1986; 77: 709-712.
  • Gibertini P, Rocchi E, Cassanelli M, Pietrangelo A, Ventura E. Porphyria cutanea tarda in beta-thalassemia trait carriers. Dermatologica 1984;169: 131-134.
  • Fargion S, Cappellini MD, Sampietro M, Fiorelli G. Non-specific iron in patients with beta-thalassaemia trait and chronic active hepatitis. Scand J Haematol 1981; 26: 161-167.
  • Friedman S, Ozsoylu S, Luddy R, Schwartz E. Heterozygous beta thalassaemia of unusual severity. Br J Haematol 1976; 32: 65-77.
  • Palm JE, Weiland ME, Griffiths WJ, Ljungström I, Svärd SG. Identification of immunoreactive proteins during acute human giardiasis. J Infect Dis 2003 15; 187: 1849-1859.
  • Zafar MN, Baqai R, Lodi TZ, et al. Giardia lamblia in patients undergoing upper G.I. endoscopy. J Pak Med Assoc 1991; 41: 74-75.
  • Baqai R, Zuberi SJ, Qureshi H, Ahmed W, Hafiz S. Efficacy of albendazole in giardiasis. East Mediterr Health J 2001; 7: 787-790.
  • Mehraj V, Hatcher J, Akhtar S, Rafique G, Beg MA. Prevalence and factors associated with intestinal parasitic infection among children in an urban slum of Karachi. PLoS One 2008; 3: e3680.
  • Qureshi TZ, Anwar M, Ahmed S, Ahmed Khan D, Saleem M. Serum ferritin levels in carriers of beta-thalassaemia trait. Acta Haematol 1995; 94: 7-9.
  • Gallerani M, Cicognani I, Ricci A, et al. Immunological pattern in heterozygote beta- thalassemic subjects. Riv Eur Sci Med Farmacol 1990; 12: 191-195.
  • Springer TA. Adhesion receptors of the immune system. Nature 1990; 46: 425.
  • Gollob JA, Li J, Kawasaki H, et al. Molecular interaction between CD58 and CD2 counter- receptors mediates the ability of monocytes to augment T cell activation by IL-12. J Immunol 1996; 157: 1886-1893.
  • Boussiotis VA, Freeman GJ, Griffin JD, et al. CD2 is involved in maintenance and reversal of human alloantigen-specific clonal anergy. J Exp Med 1994; 180: 1665-1673.
  • Kittner JM, Jacobs R, Buyny S, et al. Adult onset of T- cell deficiency with impaired CD2 expression complicated by Rhodococcus infection: a case report. Ann of Allergy Asthma and Immunol 2007; 98: 294- 298.
  • Finkelman FD, Madden KB, Cheever AW, et al. Effects of interleukin 12 on immune responses and host protection in mice infected with intestinal nematode parasites. J Exp Med 1994; 179: 1563-1572.
  • Walker EM, Walker SM. Effects of iron overload on the immune system. Ann Clin Lab Sci 2000; 30: 354-365.
Toplam 17 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Case Report
Yazarlar

Javed Yakoob Bu kişi benim

Wasim Jafri Bu kişi benim

Hizbullah Shaikh Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 17 Ocak 2013
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2010 Cilt: 15 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Yakoob, J., Jafri, W., & Shaikh, H. (2013). Is there an association of giardiasis with beta-thalassemia minor?. EASTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, 15(3), 128-131.
AMA Yakoob J, Jafri W, Shaikh H. Is there an association of giardiasis with beta-thalassemia minor?. EASTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE. Mart 2013;15(3):128-131.
Chicago Yakoob, Javed, Wasim Jafri, ve Hizbullah Shaikh. “Is There an Association of Giardiasis With Beta-Thalassemia Minor?”. EASTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 15, sy. 3 (Mart 2013): 128-31.
EndNote Yakoob J, Jafri W, Shaikh H (01 Mart 2013) Is there an association of giardiasis with beta-thalassemia minor?. EASTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 15 3 128–131.
IEEE J. Yakoob, W. Jafri, ve H. Shaikh, “Is there an association of giardiasis with beta-thalassemia minor?”, EASTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, c. 15, sy. 3, ss. 128–131, 2013.
ISNAD Yakoob, Javed vd. “Is There an Association of Giardiasis With Beta-Thalassemia Minor?”. EASTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 15/3 (Mart 2013), 128-131.
JAMA Yakoob J, Jafri W, Shaikh H. Is there an association of giardiasis with beta-thalassemia minor?. EASTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE. 2013;15:128–131.
MLA Yakoob, Javed vd. “Is There an Association of Giardiasis With Beta-Thalassemia Minor?”. EASTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, c. 15, sy. 3, 2013, ss. 128-31.
Vancouver Yakoob J, Jafri W, Shaikh H. Is there an association of giardiasis with beta-thalassemia minor?. EASTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE. 2013;15(3):128-31.