Long-Term Survival Assessment of Dental Implants Placed in Atrophic Ridges Augmented with Iliac Bone Grafts

Abstract

This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the long-term survival and complication profile of dental implants placed in alveolar ridges augmented with iliac bone grafts for the reconstruction of atrophic jaws. Twelve patients treated at Başkent University between 2008 and 2018, with a minimum follow-up period of 5 years, were included. A total of 67 implants were placed, with a mean patient age of 62.8 years and an average follow-up duration of 83.5 months. The graft success rate was 100%, with no postoperative complications observed at the recipient sites. However, donor site complications were noted in five patients, including gait disturbances and hematomas. A total of six implants (9.2%) failed—four due to lack of osseointegration before prosthetic loading and two after prosthetic use. The findings indicate that the long-term survival rates of implants placed in iliac bone-grafted areas are consistent with existing literature. Nevertheless, some implant losses were attributed to the high resorption potential and embryological origin differences of iliac bone. Future studies assessing techniques to enhance graft stability may contribute to improved clinical outcomes.

Keywords

• iliac bone grafting
• Dental implant
• Osteointegration

İliak Kemik Grefti ile Ogmente Edilmiş Kretlere Yerleştirilen İmplantların Uzun Dönem Sağkalımlarının Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Bu retrospektif çalışma, atrofik çenelerin rekonstrüksiyonunda iliak kemik grefti ile ogmente edilen kretlere yerleştirilen dental implantların uzun dönemli sağkalımını ve komplikasyon profilini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. 2008–2018 yılları arasında Başkent Üniversitesi’nde tedavi edilen, en az 5 yıllık takibi tamamlanmış 12 hasta çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Toplam 67 implant yerleştirilmiş, hastaların ortalama yaşı 62,8 ve takip süresi 83,5 ay olarak hesaplanmıştır. Greft başarı oranı %100 olup, alıcı bölgede cerrahi sonrası komplikasyon izlenmemiştir. Ancak donör bölgede 5 hastada çeşitli komplikasyonlar gözlenmiştir; bunlar arasında en sık yürüme güçlüğü ve hematom yer almaktadır. Toplam 6 implant (%9,2) kaybedilmiş, bunlardan 4’ü osseointegrasyon başarısızlığı nedeniyle, 2’si ise protetik tedavi sonrası kaybedilmiştir. Bulgular, iliak kemik greftleriyle ogmente edilen alanlara yerleştirilen implantların uzun vadeli sağkalım oranlarının literatürle uyumlu olduğunu göstermektedir. Ancak iliak kemiğin yüksek rezorpsiyon oranı ve embriyolojik köken farkı nedeniyle bazı implant kayıpları yaşanmıştır. Greft stabilitesini artırmaya yönelik tekniklerin değerlendirilmesi, gelecekteki çalışmalarda klinik başarının artırılmasına katkı sağlayabilir.

Keywords

• İliak bone greftleme
• Dental implant
• Osteointegrasyon

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