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Tıp Hekimlerinin İlaç İlişkili Çene Osteonekrozu (MRONJ) Farkındalıklarının ve Diş Hekimine Yönlendirme Uygulamalarının Değerlendirilmesi: Kesitsel Bir Çalışma

Year 2025, Volume: 4 Issue: 4, 90 - 95, 22.12.2025
https://izlik.org/JA46WC37RZ

Abstract

Amaç: İlaç ilişkili çene osteonekrozu (MRONJ), antiresorptif tedavi ile ilişkili ciddi bir komplikasyondur. Bifosfonat ve denosumab reçete eden hekimler, hasta bilgilendirmesi ve diş hekimine yönlendirme yoluyla önleyici süreçte temel bir role sahiptir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, hekimlerin MRONJ farkındalık düzeylerini, reçete alışkanlıklarını ve diş hekimine yönlendirme uygulamalarını değerlendirmektir.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı nitelikteki anket çalışması Ankara’da, ortopedi ve travmatoloji, iç hastalıkları, kadın hastalıkları ve doğum, fizyoterapi ve üroloji uzmanlık alanlarında görev yapan toplam 70 hekim üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Anket formu; demografik özellikler, reçete tercihleri, MRONJ farkındalığı ve diş hekimine yönlendirme davranışlarını içermektedir. Kategorik değişkenler ki-kare testi ile analiz edilmiş, p ≤ 0,05 istatistiksel olarak anlamlı kabul edilmiştir.

Bulgular: En sık reçete edilen ajan zoledronat (%63,5) olup, bunu alendronat (%27) izlemiştir. Uzmanlık alanları arasında ilaç tercihleri (χ²=47,72, p<0,001) ve intravenöz uygulama sıklığı (χ²=26,99, p=0,003) açısından anlamlı farklılıklar saptanmıştır. Diş hekimine yönlendirme uygulamaları yetersiz bulunmuştur: katılımcıların %65,7’si hastalarını hiçbir zaman diş hekimine yönlendirmediğini, yalnızca %8,6’sı ise düzenli yönlendirme yaptığını bildirmiştir (χ²=41,62, p<0,001). Ayrıca, hekimlerin %55,7’si hastalarına MRONJ hakkında herhangi bir bilgi vermemektedir. Ortopedi uzmanları en düşük yönlendirme ve muayene oranlarına sahipken, iç hastalıkları uzmanlarının önleyici yaklaşımlarının görece daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Sonuç: Antiresorptif ajanların sık reçetelenmesine karşın, hekimlerin MRONJ konusundaki farkındalıkları ve önleyici yaklaşımları yetersizdir; özellikle hasta bilgilendirmesi ve diş hekimine yönlendirme alanında ciddi eksiklikler gözlenmiştir. Bulgular, kılavuz önerileri ile günlük klinik uygulamalar arasındaki belirgin uyumsuzluğu ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışmanın kesitsel tasarımı ve sınırlı örneklem büyüklüğü genellenebilirliği kısıtlasa da, elde edilen sonuçlar yapılandırılmış eğitim programları, standart yönlendirme protokolleri ve disiplinlerarası iş birliğinin güçlendirilmesine duyulan gereksinimi vurgulamaktadır.

Ethical Statement

Çalışma, Başkent Üniversitesi Tıp ve Sağlık Bilimleri Araştırma Kurulu ve Etik Kurulu tarafından onaylanmış (Proje No: D-KA25/20) ve Başkent Üniversitesi Araştırma Fonu tarafından desteklenmiştir.”

Supporting Institution

Başkent Üniveritesi

Project Number

D-KA25/20

References

  • 1. Ruggiero SL, Dodson TB, Fantasia J, Goodday R, Aghaloo T, Mehrotra B, et al. American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons position paper on medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw—2014 update. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2014 Oct;72(10):1938-56.
  • 2. Khan AA, Morrison A, Hanley DA, Felsenberg D, McCauley LK, O’Ryan F, et al. Diagnosis and management of osteonecrosis of the jaw: a systematic review and international consensus. J Bone Miner Res. 2015 Jan;30(1):3-23.
  • 3. Allen MR, Burr DB. The pathogenesis of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: so many hypotheses, so few data. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2009 May;67(5 Suppl):61-70.
  • 4. Otto S, Pautke C, Van den Wyngaert T, Niepel D, Schiødt M. Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: prevention, diagnosis and management in patients with cancer and bone metastases. Cancer Treat Rev. 2018 Nov;69:177-87.
  • 5. Russell RGG, Watts NB, Ebetino FH, Rogers MJ. Mechanisms of action of bisphosphonates: similarities and differences and their potential influence on clinical efficacy. Osteoporos Int. 2008 Jun;19(6):733-59.
  • 6. Stopeck AT, Lipton A, Body JJ, Steger GG, Tonkin K, De Boer RH, et al. Denosumab compared with zoledronic acid for the treatment of bone metastases in patients with advanced breast cancer: a randomized, double-blind study. J Clin Oncol. 2010 Dec;28(35):5132-9.
  • 7. Saad F, Brown JE, Van Poznak C, Ibrahim T, Stemmer SM, Stopeck AT, et al. Incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of osteonecrosis of the jaw: integrated analysis from three blinded active-controlled phase III trials in cancer patients with bone metastases. Ann Oncol. 2012 May;23(5):1341-7.
  • 8. Yoneda T, Hagino H, Sugimoto T, Ohta H, Takahashi S, Soen S, et al. Antiresorptive agent-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: position paper 2017 of the Japanese Allied Committee on Osteonecrosis of the Jaw. J Bone Miner Metab. 2017 Jan;35(1):6-19.
  • 9. Supanumpar N, Pisarnturakit PP, Charatcharoenwitthaya N, Subbalekha K. Physicians’ awareness of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw in patients with osteoporosis. PLoS One. 2024 Jan;19(1):e0297500.
  • 10. Kim JW, Kwak MK, Han JJ, Lee ST, Kim HY, Kim SH, et al. Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: 2021 position statement of the Korean Society for Bone and Mineral Research and the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. J Bone Metab. 2021 Nov;28(4):279-96.
  • 11. Mutlu M, Altundoğan S, Kocamaz ÖF. Awareness and attitude towards MRONJ among physicians prescribing antiresorptive drugs: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health. 2025;25(1):1-9.
  • 12. Padeganeh T, Dehghani N, Azarsina M, Mahmoudi X. Knowledge level of physicians prescribing bisphosphonates: prevention and treatment of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw. J Craniomaxillofac Res. 2024 Nov;19.
  • 13. Griffin A, Brain P, Hancock C, Jeyapalina S. A dentist’s perspective on the need for interdisciplinary collaboration to reduce medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw. Sr Care Pharm. 2022 Sep;37(9):458-67.
  • 14. Bissinger O, Greiser J, Maier E, Ehrmann P, Kakoschke T, Wolff KD, et al. How does medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) influence the health-related quality of life after surgery? BMC Oral Health. 2025;25(1).
  • 15. Ruggiero SL, Dodson TB, Aghaloo T, Carlson ER, Ward BB, Kademani D. American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons’ position paper on medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw—2022 update. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2022 Sep;80(9):920-43.

Evaluation of Physicians’ Awareness of MRONJ and Their Referral Practices to Dental Professionals: A Cross-sectional study

Year 2025, Volume: 4 Issue: 4, 90 - 95, 22.12.2025
https://izlik.org/JA46WC37RZ

Abstract

Abstract
Background: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a severe complication associated with antiresorptive therapy. Physicians prescribing bisphosphonates and denosumab play a central role in prevention through patient education and dental referral. This study aimed to evaluate physicians’ awareness of MRONJ, their prescription habits, and referral practices to dental professionals.
Materials and Methods: A descriptive, questionnaire-based survey was conducted among 70 physicians in Ankara, Türkiye, including specialists in orthopedics and traumatology, internal medicine, obstetrics and gynecology, physiotherapy, and urology. The survey assessed demographic variables, prescription preferences, MRONJ awareness, and dental referral behaviors. Categorical variables were analyzed with chi-square tests, with p ≤ 0.05 considered statistically significant.
Results: Zoledronate (63.5%) was the most frequently prescribed agent, followed by alendronate (27%). Significant variation across specialties was observed in drug preferences (χ²=47.72, p<0.001) and intravenous prescription frequency (χ²=26.99, p=0.003). Dental referral practices were generally poor: 65.7% of physicians reported never referring patients for dental consultation, while only 8.6% consistently did so (χ²=41.62, p<0.001). Similarly, 55.7% never informed patients about MRONJ. Orthopedic specialists most frequently reported never conducting dental referrals or oral examinations, whereas internal medicine physicians demonstrated relatively higher preventive adherence.
Conclusion: Despite frequent prescription of antiresorptive agents, physicians’ awareness and preventive behaviors concerning MRONJ were insufficient, particularly in terms of dental referral and patient education. These findings highlight a disconnect between guideline recommendations and clinical practice. As a cross-sectional study, the limited sample size restricts generalizability; however, the results underscore the urgent need for structured educational initiatives, standardized referral protocols, and stronger interprofessional collaboration to improve MRONJ prevention.

Ethical Statement

The study was approved by the Başkent University Medical and Health Sciences Research Board and Ethics Committee (Project No: D-KA25/20) and was supported by the Başkent University Research Fund.

Supporting Institution

Başkent University

Project Number

D-KA25/20

References

  • 1. Ruggiero SL, Dodson TB, Fantasia J, Goodday R, Aghaloo T, Mehrotra B, et al. American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons position paper on medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw—2014 update. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2014 Oct;72(10):1938-56.
  • 2. Khan AA, Morrison A, Hanley DA, Felsenberg D, McCauley LK, O’Ryan F, et al. Diagnosis and management of osteonecrosis of the jaw: a systematic review and international consensus. J Bone Miner Res. 2015 Jan;30(1):3-23.
  • 3. Allen MR, Burr DB. The pathogenesis of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: so many hypotheses, so few data. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2009 May;67(5 Suppl):61-70.
  • 4. Otto S, Pautke C, Van den Wyngaert T, Niepel D, Schiødt M. Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: prevention, diagnosis and management in patients with cancer and bone metastases. Cancer Treat Rev. 2018 Nov;69:177-87.
  • 5. Russell RGG, Watts NB, Ebetino FH, Rogers MJ. Mechanisms of action of bisphosphonates: similarities and differences and their potential influence on clinical efficacy. Osteoporos Int. 2008 Jun;19(6):733-59.
  • 6. Stopeck AT, Lipton A, Body JJ, Steger GG, Tonkin K, De Boer RH, et al. Denosumab compared with zoledronic acid for the treatment of bone metastases in patients with advanced breast cancer: a randomized, double-blind study. J Clin Oncol. 2010 Dec;28(35):5132-9.
  • 7. Saad F, Brown JE, Van Poznak C, Ibrahim T, Stemmer SM, Stopeck AT, et al. Incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of osteonecrosis of the jaw: integrated analysis from three blinded active-controlled phase III trials in cancer patients with bone metastases. Ann Oncol. 2012 May;23(5):1341-7.
  • 8. Yoneda T, Hagino H, Sugimoto T, Ohta H, Takahashi S, Soen S, et al. Antiresorptive agent-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: position paper 2017 of the Japanese Allied Committee on Osteonecrosis of the Jaw. J Bone Miner Metab. 2017 Jan;35(1):6-19.
  • 9. Supanumpar N, Pisarnturakit PP, Charatcharoenwitthaya N, Subbalekha K. Physicians’ awareness of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw in patients with osteoporosis. PLoS One. 2024 Jan;19(1):e0297500.
  • 10. Kim JW, Kwak MK, Han JJ, Lee ST, Kim HY, Kim SH, et al. Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: 2021 position statement of the Korean Society for Bone and Mineral Research and the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. J Bone Metab. 2021 Nov;28(4):279-96.
  • 11. Mutlu M, Altundoğan S, Kocamaz ÖF. Awareness and attitude towards MRONJ among physicians prescribing antiresorptive drugs: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health. 2025;25(1):1-9.
  • 12. Padeganeh T, Dehghani N, Azarsina M, Mahmoudi X. Knowledge level of physicians prescribing bisphosphonates: prevention and treatment of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw. J Craniomaxillofac Res. 2024 Nov;19.
  • 13. Griffin A, Brain P, Hancock C, Jeyapalina S. A dentist’s perspective on the need for interdisciplinary collaboration to reduce medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw. Sr Care Pharm. 2022 Sep;37(9):458-67.
  • 14. Bissinger O, Greiser J, Maier E, Ehrmann P, Kakoschke T, Wolff KD, et al. How does medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) influence the health-related quality of life after surgery? BMC Oral Health. 2025;25(1).
  • 15. Ruggiero SL, Dodson TB, Aghaloo T, Carlson ER, Ward BB, Kademani D. American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons’ position paper on medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw—2022 update. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2022 Sep;80(9):920-43.
There are 15 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Alaz Enez 0000-0002-3143-1466

Seda Öz 0000-0002-1906-2506

Sarp Gündemir 0000-0001-8287-3355

Oğuz Önem Yıldırım 0000-0002-4506-3721

Nur Altıparmak 0000-0003-0870-4523

Project Number D-KA25/20
Submission Date September 26, 2025
Acceptance Date October 6, 2025
Publication Date December 22, 2025
IZ https://izlik.org/JA46WC37RZ
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 4 Issue: 4

Cite

Vancouver 1.Enez A, Öz S, Gündemir S, Yıldırım OÖ, Altıparmak N. Evaluation of Physicians’ Awareness of MRONJ and Their Referral Practices to Dental Professionals: A Cross-sectional study. EJOMS [Internet]. 2025 Dec. 1;4(4):90-5. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA46WC37RZ

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