Research Article

Evaluation of Physicians’ Awareness of MRONJ and Their Referral Practices to Dental Professionals: A Cross-sectional study

Volume: 4 Number: 4 December 22, 2025
TR EN

Evaluation of Physicians’ Awareness of MRONJ and Their Referral Practices to Dental Professionals: A Cross-sectional study

Abstract

Abstract Background: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a severe complication associated with antiresorptive therapy. Physicians prescribing bisphosphonates and denosumab play a central role in prevention through patient education and dental referral. This study aimed to evaluate physicians’ awareness of MRONJ, their prescription habits, and referral practices to dental professionals. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, questionnaire-based survey was conducted among 70 physicians in Ankara, Türkiye, including specialists in orthopedics and traumatology, internal medicine, obstetrics and gynecology, physiotherapy, and urology. The survey assessed demographic variables, prescription preferences, MRONJ awareness, and dental referral behaviors. Categorical variables were analyzed with chi-square tests, with p ≤ 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: Zoledronate (63.5%) was the most frequently prescribed agent, followed by alendronate (27%). Significant variation across specialties was observed in drug preferences (χ²=47.72, p<0.001) and intravenous prescription frequency (χ²=26.99, p=0.003). Dental referral practices were generally poor: 65.7% of physicians reported never referring patients for dental consultation, while only 8.6% consistently did so (χ²=41.62, p<0.001). Similarly, 55.7% never informed patients about MRONJ. Orthopedic specialists most frequently reported never conducting dental referrals or oral examinations, whereas internal medicine physicians demonstrated relatively higher preventive adherence. Conclusion: Despite frequent prescription of antiresorptive agents, physicians’ awareness and preventive behaviors concerning MRONJ were insufficient, particularly in terms of dental referral and patient education. These findings highlight a disconnect between guideline recommendations and clinical practice. As a cross-sectional study, the limited sample size restricts generalizability; however, the results underscore the urgent need for structured educational initiatives, standardized referral protocols, and stronger interprofessional collaboration to improve MRONJ prevention.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

Başkent University

Project Number

D-KA25/20

Ethical Statement

The study was approved by the Başkent University Medical and Health Sciences Research Board and Ethics Committee (Project No: D-KA25/20) and was supported by the Başkent University Research Fund.

References

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  2. 2. Khan AA, Morrison A, Hanley DA, Felsenberg D, McCauley LK, O’Ryan F, et al. Diagnosis and management of osteonecrosis of the jaw: a systematic review and international consensus. J Bone Miner Res. 2015 Jan;30(1):3-23.
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  6. 6. Stopeck AT, Lipton A, Body JJ, Steger GG, Tonkin K, De Boer RH, et al. Denosumab compared with zoledronic acid for the treatment of bone metastases in patients with advanced breast cancer: a randomized, double-blind study. J Clin Oncol. 2010 Dec;28(35):5132-9.
  7. 7. Saad F, Brown JE, Van Poznak C, Ibrahim T, Stemmer SM, Stopeck AT, et al. Incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of osteonecrosis of the jaw: integrated analysis from three blinded active-controlled phase III trials in cancer patients with bone metastases. Ann Oncol. 2012 May;23(5):1341-7.
  8. 8. Yoneda T, Hagino H, Sugimoto T, Ohta H, Takahashi S, Soen S, et al. Antiresorptive agent-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: position paper 2017 of the Japanese Allied Committee on Osteonecrosis of the Jaw. J Bone Miner Metab. 2017 Jan;35(1):6-19.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

December 22, 2025

Submission Date

September 26, 2025

Acceptance Date

October 6, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 4 Number: 4

APA
Enez, A., Öz, S., Gündemir, S., Yıldırım, O. Ö., & Altıparmak, N. (2025). Evaluation of Physicians’ Awareness of MRONJ and Their Referral Practices to Dental Professionals: A Cross-sectional study. EurAsian Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 4(4), 90-95. https://izlik.org/JA46WC37RZ
AMA
1.Enez A, Öz S, Gündemir S, Yıldırım OÖ, Altıparmak N. Evaluation of Physicians’ Awareness of MRONJ and Their Referral Practices to Dental Professionals: A Cross-sectional study. EJOMS. 2025;4(4):90-95. https://izlik.org/JA46WC37RZ
Chicago
Enez, Alaz, Seda Öz, Sarp Gündemir, Oğuz Önem Yıldırım, and Nur Altıparmak. 2025. “Evaluation of Physicians’ Awareness of MRONJ and Their Referral Practices to Dental Professionals: A Cross-Sectional Study”. EurAsian Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 4 (4): 90-95. https://izlik.org/JA46WC37RZ.
EndNote
Enez A, Öz S, Gündemir S, Yıldırım OÖ, Altıparmak N (December 1, 2025) Evaluation of Physicians’ Awareness of MRONJ and Their Referral Practices to Dental Professionals: A Cross-sectional study. EurAsian Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 4 4 90–95.
IEEE
[1]A. Enez, S. Öz, S. Gündemir, O. Ö. Yıldırım, and N. Altıparmak, “Evaluation of Physicians’ Awareness of MRONJ and Their Referral Practices to Dental Professionals: A Cross-sectional study”, EJOMS, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 90–95, Dec. 2025, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA46WC37RZ
ISNAD
Enez, Alaz - Öz, Seda - Gündemir, Sarp - Yıldırım, Oğuz Önem - Altıparmak, Nur. “Evaluation of Physicians’ Awareness of MRONJ and Their Referral Practices to Dental Professionals: A Cross-Sectional Study”. EurAsian Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 4/4 (December 1, 2025): 90-95. https://izlik.org/JA46WC37RZ.
JAMA
1.Enez A, Öz S, Gündemir S, Yıldırım OÖ, Altıparmak N. Evaluation of Physicians’ Awareness of MRONJ and Their Referral Practices to Dental Professionals: A Cross-sectional study. EJOMS. 2025;4:90–95.
MLA
Enez, Alaz, et al. “Evaluation of Physicians’ Awareness of MRONJ and Their Referral Practices to Dental Professionals: A Cross-Sectional Study”. EurAsian Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, vol. 4, no. 4, Dec. 2025, pp. 90-95, https://izlik.org/JA46WC37RZ.
Vancouver
1.Alaz Enez, Seda Öz, Sarp Gündemir, Oğuz Önem Yıldırım, Nur Altıparmak. Evaluation of Physicians’ Awareness of MRONJ and Their Referral Practices to Dental Professionals: A Cross-sectional study. EJOMS [Internet]. 2025 Dec. 1;4(4):90-5. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA46WC37RZ

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