Assessment of the Level of Knowledge and Awareness of Dentists About Antibiotic Prophylaxis

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 23 - 28, 21.05.2023

Selen Onat Senanur Duruay Alptuğ Kendirci Serhat Polat Nur Altıparmak

Öz

Purpose
Antibiotic prophylaxis defines the practice of antibiotics prior to surgical or non-surgical procedures to prevent local or systemic
bacterial infective complications. Infective endocarditis is a serious infection of the heart valves and endocardium mostly
associated with congenital and acquired cardiac defects. It has also been shown that infective endocarditis is associated with
bacteremia following dental treatment. The aim of the study is to determine the preferences of dentists for the application of
antibiotic prophylaxis and to increase awareness by measuring their level of knowledge.
Material and Methods
This study was carried out in Turkey with dentists and dental students using online. In the survey, which was answered by 417
participants, participants were asked a total of 11 questions in 4 separate sections.
Results
The results of the study showed that the participants most frequently prescribed prophylactic antibiotics in the presence of heart
valve prosthesis with 95.5% and a history of previous infective endocarditis with 92.9%, before surgical tooth extraction with
96.4% and implant surgery with 94.1 %. As a prophylactic antibiotic, 66.5% of the participants routinely preferred amoxicillin
and 77.1% preferred clindamycin if the patient was allergic to penicillin. Answers regarding prophylactic antibiotic dose and
duration were classified according to AHA’s 2007 guidelines, and female participants (58%) and dentistry students (78.1 %) gave
the highest correct answers accordingly.
Conclusion
With this study, it was once again demonstrated that it is extremely important for physicians to follow current guidelines and
minimize the risk of bacteremia by taking detailed anamnesis from the patient, and the need to increase awareness of this issue.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Antibiotic prophylaxis, infective endocarditis, bacteremia, dentists’ knowledge

Kaynakça

• 1. Termine N, Panzarella V, Ciavarella D. Antibiotic prophylaxis in dentistry and oral surgery: use and misuse. International Dental Journal. 2009; 59:263-70.
• 2. Tong DC, Rothwell BR. Antibiotic prophylaxis in dentistry: a review and practice recommendations. J Am Dent Assoc. 2000; 131(6):366–74.
• 3. Solomon M, Raveh D, Schlesinger Y, Yinnon AM. Assessment of knowledge of guidelines for the prevention of infective endocarditis among. J Hosp Infect. 2000;45(4):311-7.
• 4. Pierce D, Calkins BC, Thornton K. Infectious endocarditis: diagnosis and treatment. Am Fam Physician. 2012; 85: 981-6.
• 5. Tierney LM, McPhee SJ, Papadakis MA. Current Medical Diagnosis and Treatment 2002. 41sted. New York: Lange/ Mc Graw Hill; 2002. p. 1410.
• 6. Tomas Carmona I, Diz Dios P, Limeres Posse J, Outumuro Rial M, Caamano Duran F, Fernandez Feijoo J. Pautas de profilaxis antibiotica de endocaditis bacteriana, recommdadas por los odontologos en spana. Med Oral. 2004; 9:56-62.
• 7. Wilson W, Taubert KA, Gewitz M. Prevention of infective endocarditis: guidelines from the American Heart Association: A guideline from the American Heart Association Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki Disease Committee, Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, and the Council on Clinical Cardiology, Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia, and the Quality of Care and Outcomes Research Interdisciplinary Working Group. Circulation 2007;1 16:1736-54.
• 8. Owen CP, Huang WH. Antibiotic prophylaxis for dental procedures: is it necessary? SADJ. 2012;67(7):413-9.
• 9. Suda J, Calip S, Zhou J, Rowan S, Gross E, Hershow C, Perez I, McGregor C, Evans T. Assessment of the appropriateness of antibiotic prescriptions for infection prophylaxis before dental procedures, 2011 to 2015. JAMA Network Open. 2019;2(5): e193909.
• 10. NICE. Prophylaxis against infective endocarditis: antimicrobial prophylaxis against infective endocarditis in adults and children undergoing interventional procedures. NICE Clin Guid 64. 2008;(April 2007).
• 11. Goldman L, Ausiello D. Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 22nd ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 2004:958-967.
• 12. Lauber C, Compton S, Lalh SS, Grace M, Smith MH, West MH. Antibiotic prophylaxis practices in dentistry: a survey of dentists and physicians. J Can Dent Assoc. 2007; 73:263-9.
• 13. Pallasch TJ. Antibiotic prophylaxis: problem in paradise. Den Clin N Am. 2003; 47:665-79.
• 14. Yılmaz Karadağ F, Şimşek Yavuz S, Cınar Aydın G, Tukenmez Tigen E, Sırmatel F, Karadeniz A, Aydın Ö, Ergen P, Yilmaz N, Cabadak H, Tekin R, Aydın M, Koç MM, Şensoy A, Öcalmaz MŞ, Timurkaynak F. Assessment of the knowledge and awareness levels of dentists regarding prophylaxis for infective endocarditis. Med Med J. 2019;34(1):39-46.
• 15. Ryalat S, Hassona Y, Al-Shayyab M, Abo-Ghosh M, Sawair F. Dentists’ knowledge and practice regarding prevention of infective endocarditis. Eur J Dent. 2016;10(4):480-5.
• 16. Palmer NA, Pealing R, Ireland RS, Martin MV. A study of prophylactic antibiotic prescribing in National Health Service general dental practice in England. Br Dent J 2000; 189: 43-46.
• 17. Mikx FH, König KG, van Rossum GM, Bruers JJ. Prescription of antibiotics for the prevention of bacterial endocarditis by dentists in the Netherlands. Ned Tijdschr Tandheelkd. 1995; 102: 337-339.
• 18. Hashemipour M, Baharlooei K, Mohammadi A. Iranian dentits’ knowledge of antibiotic prophylaxis guidelines for prevention of bacterial endocarditis. Shiraz Univ Den J. 2007; 8:46-57.
• 19. Bahammam MA, Abdelaziz NM. Awareness of Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Infective Endocarditis Among Dental Students and Interns at a Teaching Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Open Dent J. 2015; 9:176-80.
• 20. Lockhart PB, Brennan MT, Kent ML, Norton HJ, Wei- nrib DA. Impact of amoxicillin prophylaxis on the inci- dence, nature, and duration of bacteremia in children after intubation and dental procedures. Circulation 2004; 109: 2878-2884.
• 21. Ghaderi F, Oshagh M, Dehghani R, Hasanshahi R. Awareness of Iranian’s General Dentists Regarding the Latest Prophylaxis Guideline for Prevention of Infective Endocarditis. J Dent (Shiraz, Iran). 2013;14(1):6-12.