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Alprazolam ve Hidroksizinin Anksiyete Üzerine Etkilerinin Karşılaştırmalı Değerlendirmesi

Year 2024, Volume: 3 Issue: 4, 111 - 119, 24.12.2024

Abstract

Amaç: Bu gözlemsel çalışmanın amacı alprazolam ve hidroksizinin dental anksiyetede kardiyak otonomik aktivite ve fizyolojik parametreler üzerindeki etkilerini karşılaştırmaktır.
Yöntemler: Çalışmaya alprazolam, hidroksizin ve kontrol olmak üzere 3 grupta 90 katılımcı katılmıştır. Her grupta 30 katılımcı bulunmaktadır. Çalışma grupları işlemden bir saat önce 0,5 mg ilaç almışlardır. Kan basıncı, kalp hızı ve oksijen satürasyonu işlemden önce, işlem sırasında ve işlemden sonra ölçülmüştür.
Sonuçlar: Kontrol grubunda, sistolik ve diyastolik kan basıncı ve kalp hızında ameliyat öncesi ve ameliyat sırasındaki ölçümlerde anlamlı bir artış ve ameliyat sonrası ölçümlerde ameliyat sırasındaki değerlere kıyasla anlamlı bir azalma görülmüştür. Hidroksizin grubunda, ameliyat sırasındaki sistolik kan basıncı ve kalp hızı ameliyat öncesi değerlere kıyasla azalmıştır, ameliyat sonrası değerler ise ameliyat sırasındaki değerlere kıyasla anlamlı bir değişiklik göstermemiştir. Diyastolik kan basıncı zamanla anlamlı bir şekilde değişmemiştir. Alprazolam grubunda, tüm değerler zamanla anlamlı bir şekilde azalmıştır. Ayrıca, alprazolam grubu hidroksizin grubuna kıyasla tüm değerlerde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir düşüş gösterdi.
Sonuç: Her iki ilaç da kardiyovasküler değerler açısından bir kontrol grubuna kıyasla etkilidir. Bu bulgular, alprazolam ve hidroksizinin anksiyeteyi önlemede uygulanabilir seçenekler olabileceğini, alprazolamın daha etkili ilaç olduğunu gösterebilir.

References

  • 1. Malamed S. Sedation: A Guide to Patient Management. 4 [sup] th ed. St Louis, MO: CV Mosby Co. 2003:337.
  • 2. Joshi S, Ansari ASA, Mazumdar S, Ansari S. A comparative study to assess the effect of oral alprazolam as premedication on vital parameters of patients during surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars. Contemporary Clinical Dentistry. 2016;7(4):464.
  • 3. Göktay Ö. Gömülü üçüncü molar diş cerrahisinde tramadol ve fentanilin anksiyete ve postoperatif ağrı üzerine etkilerinin karşılaştırılması. Marmara Universitesi (Turkey); 2009.
  • 4. Corah NL, Gale EN, Illig SJ. Assessment of a dental anxiety scale. Journal of the American Dental Association (1939). 1978;97(5):816-819.
  • 5. Ogle OE, Hertz MB. Anxiety control in the dental patient. Dental Clinics. 2012;56(1):1-16.
  • 6. De Jongh A, Adair P, Meijerink-Anderson M. Clinical management of dental anxiety: what works for whom? International dental journal. 2005;55(2):73-80.
  • 7. Verster JC, Volkerts ER. Clinical pharmacology, clinical efficacy, and behavioral toxicity of alprazolam: a review of the literature. CNS drug reviews. 2004;10(1):45-76.
  • 8. Braham R, Bogetz M, Kimura M. Pharmacologic patient management in pediatric dentistry: an update. ASDC journal of dentistry for children. 1993;60(4-5):270-280.
  • 9. Ram D, Mamber E, Chosack A, Fuks AB. The effect of metoclopramide and hydroxyzine in sedation of infants undergoing dental treatment. ASDC journal of dentistry for children. 1999;66(1):49-52, 13.
  • 10. Loevy HT. Dental management of the child patient. Quintessence Publishing (IL); 1981.
  • 11. Hanna M, Chen P, Clarkson E. Update on Medications for Oral Sedation in the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Office. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics. 2022;34(1):9-19.
  • 12. de Oliveira Araújo J, de Cássia Bergamaschi C, Lopes LC, et al. Effectiveness and safety of oral sedation in adult patients undergoing dental procedures: a systematic review. BMJ open. 2021;11(1):e043363.
  • 13. Biro P, Weidmann G, Pietzsch S, Alon E, Brugger P. The dose-dependent effects of oral premedication with midazolam. Anasthesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie: AINS. 1997;32(11):672-677.
  • 14. Lanz E, Schäfer M, Brünisholz V. Midazolam (Dormicum) as oral premedication for local anesthesia. Der Anaesthesist. 1987;36(5):197-202.
  • 15. De Witte JL, Alegret C, Sessler DI, Cammu G. Preoperative alprazolam reduces anxiety in ambulatory surgery patients: a comparison with oral midazolam. Anesthesia & Analgesia. 2002;95(6):1601-1606.
  • 16. Pérez-Piñar M, Ayerbe L, González E, Mathur R, Foguet-Boreu Q, Ayis S. Anxiety disorders and risk of stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis. European psychiatry. 2017;41(1):102-108.
  • 17. Yeh CB, Tsai MC, Teng YH, et al. Association of alprazolam with major cardiovascular events in patients with hypertension. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice. 2020;26(3):983-991.
  • 18. Anwar MJ, Pillai KK, Khanam R, Akhtar M, Vohora D. Effect of alprazolam on anxiety and cardiomyopathy induced by doxorubicin in mice. Fundamental & clinical pharmacology. 2012;26(3):356- 362.
  • 19. Wolf DL, Desjardins PJ, Black PM, Francom SR, Mohanlal RW, Fleishaker JC. Anticipatory anxiety in moderately to highlyanxious oral surgery patients as a screening model for anxiolytics: evaluation of alprazolam. Journal of clinical psychopharmacology. 2003;23(1):51-57.
  • 20. Nishiyama T. Effects of premedication on heart rate variability at induction of anaesthesia: comparison between midazolam and hydroxyzine. Turkish Journal of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation. 2018;46(3):229.
  • 21. Köner Ö, Türe H, Mercan A, Menda F, Sözübir S. Effects of hydroxyzine–midazolam premedication on sevoflurane-induced paediatric emergence agitation: a prospective randomised clinical trial. European Journal of Anaesthesiology| EJA. 2011;28(9):640- 645.
  • 22. Boon J, Hopkins D. Hydroxyzine premedication-does it provide better anxiolysis than a placebo? South African Medical Journal. 1996;86(6)
  • 23. Faytrouny M, Okte Z, Kucukyavuz Z. Comparison of two different dosages of hydroxyzine for sedation in the paediatric dental patient. International journal of paediatric dentistry. 2007;17(5):378-382.

Comparative Evaluation of Alprazolam and Hydroxyzine for Anxiolysis: Effects on Cardiac Autonomic Activity and Physiological Parameters

Year 2024, Volume: 3 Issue: 4, 111 - 119, 24.12.2024

Abstract

Objective: This observational study aims to compare the effects of alprazolam and hydroxyzine on cardiac autonomic activity and physiological parameters in dental anxiety.
Methods: The study had 90 participants in 3 groups: alprazolam, hydroxyzine, and control. Each group had 30 participants. The study groups took 0.5 mg of the drugs an hour before the procedure. Blood pressure, heart rate, and oxygen saturation were measured before, during, and after the procedure.
Results: In the control group, there was a significant increase in systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate from preoperative to intraoperative measurements and a significant decrease in postoperative measurements compared to intraoperative values. In the hydroxyzine group, intraoperative systolic blood pressure and heart rate decreased compared to preoperative values, while postoperative values showed no significant change compared to intraoperative values. Diastolic blood pressure did not significantly change over time. In the alprazolam group, all values decreased significantly over time. Also, the alprazolam group showed a statistically significant decrease in all values compared to the hydroxyzine group.
Conclusion: Both medications are effective compared to a control group for cardiovascular values. These findings may indicate that alprazolam and hydroxyzine may be viable options for preventing anxiety, with alprazolam being the more potent medication.

References

  • 1. Malamed S. Sedation: A Guide to Patient Management. 4 [sup] th ed. St Louis, MO: CV Mosby Co. 2003:337.
  • 2. Joshi S, Ansari ASA, Mazumdar S, Ansari S. A comparative study to assess the effect of oral alprazolam as premedication on vital parameters of patients during surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars. Contemporary Clinical Dentistry. 2016;7(4):464.
  • 3. Göktay Ö. Gömülü üçüncü molar diş cerrahisinde tramadol ve fentanilin anksiyete ve postoperatif ağrı üzerine etkilerinin karşılaştırılması. Marmara Universitesi (Turkey); 2009.
  • 4. Corah NL, Gale EN, Illig SJ. Assessment of a dental anxiety scale. Journal of the American Dental Association (1939). 1978;97(5):816-819.
  • 5. Ogle OE, Hertz MB. Anxiety control in the dental patient. Dental Clinics. 2012;56(1):1-16.
  • 6. De Jongh A, Adair P, Meijerink-Anderson M. Clinical management of dental anxiety: what works for whom? International dental journal. 2005;55(2):73-80.
  • 7. Verster JC, Volkerts ER. Clinical pharmacology, clinical efficacy, and behavioral toxicity of alprazolam: a review of the literature. CNS drug reviews. 2004;10(1):45-76.
  • 8. Braham R, Bogetz M, Kimura M. Pharmacologic patient management in pediatric dentistry: an update. ASDC journal of dentistry for children. 1993;60(4-5):270-280.
  • 9. Ram D, Mamber E, Chosack A, Fuks AB. The effect of metoclopramide and hydroxyzine in sedation of infants undergoing dental treatment. ASDC journal of dentistry for children. 1999;66(1):49-52, 13.
  • 10. Loevy HT. Dental management of the child patient. Quintessence Publishing (IL); 1981.
  • 11. Hanna M, Chen P, Clarkson E. Update on Medications for Oral Sedation in the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Office. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics. 2022;34(1):9-19.
  • 12. de Oliveira Araújo J, de Cássia Bergamaschi C, Lopes LC, et al. Effectiveness and safety of oral sedation in adult patients undergoing dental procedures: a systematic review. BMJ open. 2021;11(1):e043363.
  • 13. Biro P, Weidmann G, Pietzsch S, Alon E, Brugger P. The dose-dependent effects of oral premedication with midazolam. Anasthesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie: AINS. 1997;32(11):672-677.
  • 14. Lanz E, Schäfer M, Brünisholz V. Midazolam (Dormicum) as oral premedication for local anesthesia. Der Anaesthesist. 1987;36(5):197-202.
  • 15. De Witte JL, Alegret C, Sessler DI, Cammu G. Preoperative alprazolam reduces anxiety in ambulatory surgery patients: a comparison with oral midazolam. Anesthesia & Analgesia. 2002;95(6):1601-1606.
  • 16. Pérez-Piñar M, Ayerbe L, González E, Mathur R, Foguet-Boreu Q, Ayis S. Anxiety disorders and risk of stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis. European psychiatry. 2017;41(1):102-108.
  • 17. Yeh CB, Tsai MC, Teng YH, et al. Association of alprazolam with major cardiovascular events in patients with hypertension. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice. 2020;26(3):983-991.
  • 18. Anwar MJ, Pillai KK, Khanam R, Akhtar M, Vohora D. Effect of alprazolam on anxiety and cardiomyopathy induced by doxorubicin in mice. Fundamental & clinical pharmacology. 2012;26(3):356- 362.
  • 19. Wolf DL, Desjardins PJ, Black PM, Francom SR, Mohanlal RW, Fleishaker JC. Anticipatory anxiety in moderately to highlyanxious oral surgery patients as a screening model for anxiolytics: evaluation of alprazolam. Journal of clinical psychopharmacology. 2003;23(1):51-57.
  • 20. Nishiyama T. Effects of premedication on heart rate variability at induction of anaesthesia: comparison between midazolam and hydroxyzine. Turkish Journal of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation. 2018;46(3):229.
  • 21. Köner Ö, Türe H, Mercan A, Menda F, Sözübir S. Effects of hydroxyzine–midazolam premedication on sevoflurane-induced paediatric emergence agitation: a prospective randomised clinical trial. European Journal of Anaesthesiology| EJA. 2011;28(9):640- 645.
  • 22. Boon J, Hopkins D. Hydroxyzine premedication-does it provide better anxiolysis than a placebo? South African Medical Journal. 1996;86(6)
  • 23. Faytrouny M, Okte Z, Kucukyavuz Z. Comparison of two different dosages of hydroxyzine for sedation in the paediatric dental patient. International journal of paediatric dentistry. 2007;17(5):378-382.
There are 23 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Surgery (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Selen Adiloğlu 0000-0002-5007-9867

Gülin Acar 0000-0002-4414-9662

Alper Aktaş 0000-0002-1977-4431

Publication Date December 24, 2024
Submission Date November 26, 2024
Acceptance Date December 2, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 3 Issue: 4

Cite

Vancouver Adiloğlu S, Acar G, Aktaş A. Comparative Evaluation of Alprazolam and Hydroxyzine for Anxiolysis: Effects on Cardiac Autonomic Activity and Physiological Parameters. EJOMS. 2024;3(4):111-9.

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