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Elektrikli Araçlarda Kullanılan Motorlar ve Motor Sürücüleri

Yıl 2020, Sayı: 19, 105 - 111, 31.08.2020
https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.699699

Öz

Elektrikli araçların (EA) üretimi ve kullanımı yaygınlaşmaktadır. Elektrikli araçlarda en önemli donanımlardan birisi, araçları hareket ettiren elektrik motorlarıdır. Elektrik motorlarının (EM) özellikleri, elektrikli araçların kullanım alanına ve gücüne göre değişmektedir. Küçük güçlü elektrikli araçlar için kullanılan elektrik motorlarında ve orta ile büyük güçlü araçlar için üretilen elektrik motorlarında bazı yapısal değişiklikler vardır. Elektrikli motorların güçlerine ve yapılarına göre, bu motorları kontrol eden sürücülerin özellikleri de değişmektedir. Bu çalışmada, elektrikli araçlarda kullanılan küçük, orta ve büyük güçlü elektrik motorların yapısı, çeşitleri, çalışma özellikleriyle motor sürücüleri sunulmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Adly, A. A., & Huzayyin, A. (2019). The impact of demagnetization on the feasibility of permanent magnet synchronous motors in industry applications. Journal of advanced research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2019.02.002
  • Agamloh, E. B., Boglietti, A., & Cavagnino, A. (2013). The incremental design efficiency improvement of commercially manufactured induction motors. IEEE Transactions on industry applications, 49(6), 2496-2504. doi: 10.1109/TIA.2013.2263212
  • Al-Badri, M., Pillay, P., & Angers, P. (2019). Induction Machine Rapid Performance Test. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 55(5), 4685-4691. 10.1109/TIA.2019.2924409
  • Barot, S. J., Singh, R. P., & Chetwani, S. H. (2019). Development of Premium efficiency IE3 class induction Motors Using same stampings of High efficiency ie2 class induction Motors. Water and Energy International, 62(7), 38-41.
  • Belousov, E. V., Grigor’ev, M. A., & Gryzlov, A. A. (2017). An electric traction drive for electric vehicles. Russian Electrical Engineering, 88(4), 185-188. DOI: 10.3103/S1068371217040034
  • Bhatt, P., Mehar, H., & Sahajwani, M. (2019). Electrical Motors for Electric Vehicle–A Comparative Study. Available at SSRN 3364887.
  • Boldea, I., & Nasar, S. (2009). The Induction Machines Design Handbook, ser. Electric Power Engineering Series. Taylor & Francis.
  • Diab, A. A. Z., Al-Sayed, A. H. M., Mohammed, H. H. A., & Mohammed, Y. S. (2020). Literature Review of Induction Motor Drives. In Development of Adaptive Speed Observers for Induction Machine System Stabilization (pp. 7-18). Springer, Singapore, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2298-7
  • Ehsani, M., Gao, Y., & Gay, S. (2003, November). Characterization of electric motor drives for traction applications. In IECON'03. 29th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IEEE Cat. No. 03CH37468) (Vol. 1, pp. 891-896). IEEE.
  • Gökozan, H., & Taştan, M., 2019). Autonomous Road Vehicles and Electrical-Electronic Equipment. Research & Reviev in Engineering–Summer, 2019, 261.
  • Groza, V., Merabet, A., Pitis, C. D., & Giurgiu, V. D. (2013, August). Novel method of pre-determining induction machine parameters and energetic efficiency. In 2013 IEEE Electrical Power & Energy Conference (pp. 1-6). IEEE. 10.1109/EPEC.2013.6802910
  • Ishikawa, T., Qu, H., & Kasahara, K. (2019). Maximum efficiency of induction motors considering iron loss resistance. IEEJ Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 14(9), 1426-1427. https://doi.org/10.1002/tee.22947
  • Kabir, M. A., Jaffar, M. Z. M., Wan, Z., & Husain, I. (2019). Design, Optimization, and Experimental Evaluation of Multilayer AC Winding for Induction Machine. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 55(4), 3630-3639.
  • Karpe, M., Ghosh, S., Shindhe, N., Birajdar, R., & Bhave, D. (2019, October). Optimization of Single-Phase Induction Motor. In 2019 IEEE Conference on Energy Conversion (CENCON) (pp. 115-120). IEEE. 10.1109/CENCON47160.2019.8974827
  • Kommuri, S. K., Defoort, M., Karimi, H. R., & Veluvolu, K. C. (2016). A robust observer-based sensor fault-tolerant control for PMSM in electric vehicles. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 63(12), 7671-7681. doi: 10.1109 / TIE.2016.2590993
  • Krithika, V., & Subramani, C. (2018). A comprehensive review on choice of hybrid vehicles and power converters, control strategies for hybrid electric vehicles. International Journal of Energy Research, 42(5), 1789-1812. https://doi.org/10.1002/er.3952
  • Krykowski, K., Gałuszkiewicz, Z., Gałuszkiewicz, P., Hetmańczyk, J., & Całus, D. (2019). High-speed Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motors, properties and prospective applications. Przegląd Elektrotechniczny, 95. doi:10.15199/48.2019.08.30
  • Kumar, A., & Thakura, P. R. (2019). Close Loop Speed Controller for Brushless DC Motor for Hybrid Electric Vehicles. In Nanoelectronics, Circuits and Communication Systems (pp. 255-268). Springer, Singapore.
  • Lazari, P., Wang, J., Chen, L., & Chen, X. (2014). Design optimisation and performance evaluation of a rare-earth-free permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance machine for electric vehicle traction.
  • Lu, S. M. (2016). A review of high-efficiency motors: Specification, policy, and technology. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 59, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.360
  • Omaç, Z., Polat, M., Öksüztepe, E., Yıldırım, M., Yakut, O., Eren, H., ... & Kürüm, H. (2018). Design, analysis, and control of in-wheel switched reluctance motor for electric vehicles. Electrical Engineering, 100(2), 865-876. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00202-017-0541-3
  • Thattil, A., Vachhani, S., Raval, D., Patel, P., & Sharma, P. (2019). Comparative Study of using Different Electric Motors for EV.
  • Trianni, A., Cagno, E., & Accordini, D. (2019). Energy efficiency measures in electric motors systems: A novel classification highlighting specific implications in their adoption. Applied Energy, 252, 113481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.113481
  • Zeraoulia, M., Benbouzid, M. E. H., & Diallo, D. (2006). Electric motor drive selection issues for HEV propulsion systems: A comparative study. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular technology, 55(6), 1756-1764.
  • URL1: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wZh5fBFdnVU.
  • URL2: https://www.wardsauto.com/technology/gm-electric-motor-plant-sees-job-one.
  • URL3: https://www.greencarcongress.com/2014/10/20141029-voltec.html.
  • URL4: https://www.analog.com/en/applications/markets/automotive-pavilion-home/ev-and-hevpowertrain /inverter-and-e-motor-systems.html, Date of Access: 16.03.2019.
  • URL5: https://new.abb.com/motors-generators/traction-motors-and-generators/traction-motors/electric-multiple -units.
  • URL6: https://voith.com/corp-en/products-services_drives-transmissions_electric-traction-systems-for-rail-vehicles.html

Traction Motors and Motor Drivers Used in Electric Vehicles

Yıl 2020, Sayı: 19, 105 - 111, 31.08.2020
https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.699699

Öz

The production and use of electric vehicles (EVs) are becoming widespread. The negative effect of fossil fuel vehicles to environmental pollution also increases incentives and demand for electric vehicles. One of the most important equipment in electric vehicles is the electric motors. The characteristics of the electric motors (EMs), change according to the usage area and power of the electric vehicles. There are some structural changes to the electric motors used for small powerful electric vehicles and electric motors produced for medium and large powerful vehicles. Depending on the power and structure of electric motors, the characteristics of the drives that control these motors also change. In this study, the structure, types, operating characteristics of the small, medium and large powerful electric motors used in electric vehicles and the motor driver circuits required to running the motors are mentioned.

Kaynakça

  • Adly, A. A., & Huzayyin, A. (2019). The impact of demagnetization on the feasibility of permanent magnet synchronous motors in industry applications. Journal of advanced research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2019.02.002
  • Agamloh, E. B., Boglietti, A., & Cavagnino, A. (2013). The incremental design efficiency improvement of commercially manufactured induction motors. IEEE Transactions on industry applications, 49(6), 2496-2504. doi: 10.1109/TIA.2013.2263212
  • Al-Badri, M., Pillay, P., & Angers, P. (2019). Induction Machine Rapid Performance Test. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 55(5), 4685-4691. 10.1109/TIA.2019.2924409
  • Barot, S. J., Singh, R. P., & Chetwani, S. H. (2019). Development of Premium efficiency IE3 class induction Motors Using same stampings of High efficiency ie2 class induction Motors. Water and Energy International, 62(7), 38-41.
  • Belousov, E. V., Grigor’ev, M. A., & Gryzlov, A. A. (2017). An electric traction drive for electric vehicles. Russian Electrical Engineering, 88(4), 185-188. DOI: 10.3103/S1068371217040034
  • Bhatt, P., Mehar, H., & Sahajwani, M. (2019). Electrical Motors for Electric Vehicle–A Comparative Study. Available at SSRN 3364887.
  • Boldea, I., & Nasar, S. (2009). The Induction Machines Design Handbook, ser. Electric Power Engineering Series. Taylor & Francis.
  • Diab, A. A. Z., Al-Sayed, A. H. M., Mohammed, H. H. A., & Mohammed, Y. S. (2020). Literature Review of Induction Motor Drives. In Development of Adaptive Speed Observers for Induction Machine System Stabilization (pp. 7-18). Springer, Singapore, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2298-7
  • Ehsani, M., Gao, Y., & Gay, S. (2003, November). Characterization of electric motor drives for traction applications. In IECON'03. 29th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IEEE Cat. No. 03CH37468) (Vol. 1, pp. 891-896). IEEE.
  • Gökozan, H., & Taştan, M., 2019). Autonomous Road Vehicles and Electrical-Electronic Equipment. Research & Reviev in Engineering–Summer, 2019, 261.
  • Groza, V., Merabet, A., Pitis, C. D., & Giurgiu, V. D. (2013, August). Novel method of pre-determining induction machine parameters and energetic efficiency. In 2013 IEEE Electrical Power & Energy Conference (pp. 1-6). IEEE. 10.1109/EPEC.2013.6802910
  • Ishikawa, T., Qu, H., & Kasahara, K. (2019). Maximum efficiency of induction motors considering iron loss resistance. IEEJ Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 14(9), 1426-1427. https://doi.org/10.1002/tee.22947
  • Kabir, M. A., Jaffar, M. Z. M., Wan, Z., & Husain, I. (2019). Design, Optimization, and Experimental Evaluation of Multilayer AC Winding for Induction Machine. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 55(4), 3630-3639.
  • Karpe, M., Ghosh, S., Shindhe, N., Birajdar, R., & Bhave, D. (2019, October). Optimization of Single-Phase Induction Motor. In 2019 IEEE Conference on Energy Conversion (CENCON) (pp. 115-120). IEEE. 10.1109/CENCON47160.2019.8974827
  • Kommuri, S. K., Defoort, M., Karimi, H. R., & Veluvolu, K. C. (2016). A robust observer-based sensor fault-tolerant control for PMSM in electric vehicles. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 63(12), 7671-7681. doi: 10.1109 / TIE.2016.2590993
  • Krithika, V., & Subramani, C. (2018). A comprehensive review on choice of hybrid vehicles and power converters, control strategies for hybrid electric vehicles. International Journal of Energy Research, 42(5), 1789-1812. https://doi.org/10.1002/er.3952
  • Krykowski, K., Gałuszkiewicz, Z., Gałuszkiewicz, P., Hetmańczyk, J., & Całus, D. (2019). High-speed Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motors, properties and prospective applications. Przegląd Elektrotechniczny, 95. doi:10.15199/48.2019.08.30
  • Kumar, A., & Thakura, P. R. (2019). Close Loop Speed Controller for Brushless DC Motor for Hybrid Electric Vehicles. In Nanoelectronics, Circuits and Communication Systems (pp. 255-268). Springer, Singapore.
  • Lazari, P., Wang, J., Chen, L., & Chen, X. (2014). Design optimisation and performance evaluation of a rare-earth-free permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance machine for electric vehicle traction.
  • Lu, S. M. (2016). A review of high-efficiency motors: Specification, policy, and technology. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 59, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.360
  • Omaç, Z., Polat, M., Öksüztepe, E., Yıldırım, M., Yakut, O., Eren, H., ... & Kürüm, H. (2018). Design, analysis, and control of in-wheel switched reluctance motor for electric vehicles. Electrical Engineering, 100(2), 865-876. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00202-017-0541-3
  • Thattil, A., Vachhani, S., Raval, D., Patel, P., & Sharma, P. (2019). Comparative Study of using Different Electric Motors for EV.
  • Trianni, A., Cagno, E., & Accordini, D. (2019). Energy efficiency measures in electric motors systems: A novel classification highlighting specific implications in their adoption. Applied Energy, 252, 113481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.113481
  • Zeraoulia, M., Benbouzid, M. E. H., & Diallo, D. (2006). Electric motor drive selection issues for HEV propulsion systems: A comparative study. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular technology, 55(6), 1756-1764.
  • URL1: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wZh5fBFdnVU.
  • URL2: https://www.wardsauto.com/technology/gm-electric-motor-plant-sees-job-one.
  • URL3: https://www.greencarcongress.com/2014/10/20141029-voltec.html.
  • URL4: https://www.analog.com/en/applications/markets/automotive-pavilion-home/ev-and-hevpowertrain /inverter-and-e-motor-systems.html, Date of Access: 16.03.2019.
  • URL5: https://new.abb.com/motors-generators/traction-motors-and-generators/traction-motors/electric-multiple -units.
  • URL6: https://voith.com/corp-en/products-services_drives-transmissions_electric-traction-systems-for-rail-vehicles.html
Toplam 30 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Hayrettin Gökozan 0000-0002-8917-4001

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Ağustos 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Sayı: 19

Kaynak Göster

APA Gökozan, H. (2020). Traction Motors and Motor Drivers Used in Electric Vehicles. Avrupa Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi(19), 105-111. https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.699699