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Bir Havalimanı Otoparkına Kurulabilecek Fotovoltaik Üretim Sisteminin Tasarımı ve Enerji Analizi

Yıl 2020, Sayı: 19, 182 - 188, 31.08.2020
https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.713529

Öz

Dünyada karbon emisyonu azaltımı ile ilgili farkındalık artıkça yenilenebilir enerjiden elektrik üretimi yatırımları buna paralellik göstermektedir. Özellikle ülkemizde son yıllarda güneş enerjisi santralleri (GES) elektrik güç sisteminin gözde konularından biridir. Fakat büyükşehirlerdeki arazi fiyatlarının yüksek olması bu santrallerin önündeki en büyük engeldir. Havalimanları gibi kamu alanlarının otoparklarına yapılacak fotovoltaik üretim sistemleri (FVÜS) hem bu alanların ikincil kullanımına imkân verirken, hem de FVÜS’nin yatırım maliyetini düşürerek yatırıma daha uygun hale gelmesini sağlar. Ayrıca otoparka kurulacak FVÜS ile araçlar için gölgelenme alanı oluşturularak güneşin araçlar üzerindeki etkisi azaltılabilir. Bu çalışmada Adnan Menderes Havalimanının otoparkına kurulabilecek bir FVÜS’nin tasarımı ve ürettiği enerji ile otoparkın enerji ihtiyacını karşılayıp karşılamadığının analizinin yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Bunun için otoparka kurulabilecek FVÜS bir benzetim programı kullanılarak oluşturulmuştur. Aylık üretim gücü benzetim programı tarafından hesaplanan FVÜS’nin bulunduğu konumun ışıma değerleri kullanılarak gün içi saatlerdeki ortalama üretim değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca, FVÜS’nin elektrik projelendirmesi yapılarak bağlantı şeması çizilmiştir. Daha sonra otoparkın yük bilgisi alınarak FVÜS’nin ürettiği enerji ile otoparkın ortalama günlük yük eğrisinin karşılaştırılması yapılmıştır. Otoparka kurulan FVÜS’nin gücü 534 kWp olarak hesaplanmıştır. FVÜS toplamda 2770 m2 alanı kaplamaktadır. FVÜS’nde 1617 adet 330 Wp gücünde LG330N1C-A5 marka monokristal güneş paneli kullanılmıştır. Paneller 21 seri modül ve 77 paralel diziden oluşmaktadır. Daha sonra otoparkın bir aylık saatlik tüketim bilgisi kullanılarak otoparkın ortalama günlük yük eğrisi elde edilmiştir. Bu iki bilgi karşılaştırılarak havalimanının enerji analizi yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın sonucunda adı geçen havalimanı otoparkına FVÜS’nin kurulumu projelendirmesi hazırlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada teorik ile uygulamanın birleştirilmesi de hedeflenmiştir. Ülkemiz güneş enerjisi bakımından dünyada çoğu ülkeden daha iyi durumdadır. Bundan dolayı güneş enerjisinden elektrik üretimini artırmak enerjide dışa bağımlılığı azaltacaktır. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları da bu konuda yapılacak uygulamalara ışık tutacaktır.

Destekleyen Kurum

TÜBİTAK

Proje Numarası

119E646

Teşekkür

Bu çalışma 119E646 Hibe projesi kapsamında Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu (TÜBİTAK) tarafından desteklenmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Alghoul, M. A., Hammadi, F. Y., Amin, N., Asim, N., 2018. "The role of existing infrastructure of fuel stations in deploying solar charging systems, electric vehicles and solar energy: A preliminary analysis", Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 137, 317 – 326.
  • Coffman, M., Bernstein, P., Wee, S., 2017. "Integrating electric vehicles and residential solar PV", Transport Policy, 53, 30 – 38.
  • European Commission, https://ec.europa.eu/clima/policies/strategies/2030_en. Son erişim tarihi: 13 Mart 2020
  • European Commission, Photovoltaic Geographical Information System,
  • https://re.jrc.ec.europa.eu/pvg_tools/en/tools.html. Son erişim tarihi: 13 Mart 2020.
  • Fazelpour, F., Vafaeipour, M., Rahbari, O., Rosen, M. A., 2014. "Intelligent optimization to integrate a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle smart parking lot with renewable energy resources and enhance grid characteristics", Energy Conversion and Management, 77, 250 – 261.
  • Figueiredo, R., Nunes, P., Brito, M. C., 2017. "The feasibility of solar parking lots for electric vehicles", Energy, 140, 1182 – 1197.
  • Hoarau, Q., Perez, Y., 2018, "Interactions between electric mobility and photovoltaic generation: A review", Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 94, 510 – 522.
  • Ingersol, J. G, Perkins, C. A. 1996. " The 2.1 kW photovoltaic electric vehicle charging station in the city of Santa Monica, California", Conference Record of The 25th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, Washington, DC, USA.
  • Lee, J., Park, G. L., 2015. "Dual battery management for renewable energy integration in EV charging stations", Neurocomputing, 148, 181 – 186.
  • Lee, S., Iyengar, S., Irwin, D., Shenoy, P., 2016. "Shared solar-powered EV charging stations: feasibility and benefits", 2016 7th International Green and Sustainable Computing Conference (IGSC), Hangzhou, China.
  • Maryland Energy Administration. "Parking lot solar PV canopy with EV charger grant program" https://energy.maryland.gov/business/Pages/incentives/PVEVprogram.aspx. Son erişim tarihi: 13 Şubat 2020
  • Neyestani, N., Damavandi, M.Y., Shafie-Khah, M., Contreras, J., Catalão, J. P. S., 2015. "Allocation of plug-in vehicles’ parking lots in distribution systems considering network-constrained objectives", IEEE Transaction on Power Systems, 30(5), 2643 – 2656.
  • Nunes, P., Figueiredo, R., Brito, M. C., 2016. "The use of parking lots to solar-charge electric vehicles", Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 66, 679 – 693.
  • Rahmani-Andebili, M., Venayagamoorthy, G.K. 2015. "SmartPark placement and operation for improving system reliability and market participation", Electric Power System. Research, 123, 21 – 30.
  • Root L, Perez R., "Photovoltaic covered parking lots – a survey of deployable space in the Hudson River Valley, New York city, and Long Island, New York" http://asrc.albany.edu/people/faculty/perez/publications/Other%20Papers%20and%20Applications/parkings.pdf. Son erişim tarihi: 13 Şubat 2020.
  • Sedighizadeh, M., Mohammadpour, A., Alavi, S. M. M., "A daytime optimal stochastic energy management for EV commercial parking lots by using approximate dynamic programming and hybrid big bang big crunch algorithm", Sustainable Cities and Society, 45, 486 – 498.
  • Solar Power World. "Photoblog: Assurant celebrates earth day with new solar array" https://www.solarpowerworldonline.com/2013/04/photoblog-assurant-celebrates-earth-day-with-new-solar-array/ Son erişim tarihi: 13 Şubat 2020
  • TC Enerji ve Tabii Kaynaklar Bakanlığı, 2019, http://www.enerji.gov.tr. Son erişim tarihi: 13 Mart 2020.
  • Tulpule, P. J., Marano, V., Yurkovich, S., Rizzoni, G., 2013. "Economic and environmental impacts of a PV powered workplace parking garage charging station", Applied Energy, 108, 323 – 332.
  • Tushar, W., Yuen, C., Huang, S., Smith, D. B., Poor, H. V., 2016, "Cost minimization of charging stations with photovoltaics: an approach with EV classification", IEEE Transaction on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 17(1), 156 – 169.
  • Zakariazadeh, A., Jadid, S., Siano, P., 2015. "Integrated operation of electric vehicles and renewable generation in a smart distribution system", Energy Conversion and Management, 89, 99 – 110.

Desinging and Energy Analysis of PV System Installed in an Airport Parking Lot

Yıl 2020, Sayı: 19, 182 - 188, 31.08.2020
https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.713529

Öz

As the awareness of carbon emission reduction increases around the world, investments from renewable energy sources (RESs) are parallel to this. Especially in our country, photovoltaic (PV) systems are one of the popular subjects of power systems. However, high land prices in metropolitan cities is the biggest obstacle in front of these investments. The PV system to be constructed in the parking lots of public areas such as airports allows both the secondary use of the area of the parking lot and make it more suitable for investors with reducing its investment cost. In addition, the shading area for vehicles can be created to reduce the impact of the sun with the FVUS to be installed in the parking lot. In this study, it is aimed to design a PV system that can be installed in the parking lot of Adnan Menderes Airport and to analyze whether the parking lot meets the energy needs with this PV system. To do this, the PV system is created using a simulation software. Average hourly generation of the PV system is calculated by using hourly irradiation values of the location of the airport and the monthly generation of the PV system which is calculated by the simulation software. In addition, the electrical infrastructure and the connection scheme of the PV system is calculated and drawn. The rated power of the PV system installed in the parking lot is calculated as 534 kWp. The PV system covers 2770 m2 area. In The PV system, 1617 pieces of 330 Wp LG330N1C-A5 brand monocrystalline solar panels are used. The panels consist of 21 serial modules and 77 parallel arrays. Then, the average daily load curve of the parking lot is obtained using one-month hourly consumption information of the parking lot. The energy analysis of the airport is made by comparing these two information. As a result of this work, the project of the installation of PV system is prepared for this airport parking lot. One of the goals of this study is to combine theory and practice. Our country is better than most countries in terms of solar energy. Therefore, increasing electricity generation from solar energy will reduce dependence on foreign energy resources. The results of this study will shed light on the applications to be made in this regard. 

Proje Numarası

119E646

Kaynakça

  • Alghoul, M. A., Hammadi, F. Y., Amin, N., Asim, N., 2018. "The role of existing infrastructure of fuel stations in deploying solar charging systems, electric vehicles and solar energy: A preliminary analysis", Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 137, 317 – 326.
  • Coffman, M., Bernstein, P., Wee, S., 2017. "Integrating electric vehicles and residential solar PV", Transport Policy, 53, 30 – 38.
  • European Commission, https://ec.europa.eu/clima/policies/strategies/2030_en. Son erişim tarihi: 13 Mart 2020
  • European Commission, Photovoltaic Geographical Information System,
  • https://re.jrc.ec.europa.eu/pvg_tools/en/tools.html. Son erişim tarihi: 13 Mart 2020.
  • Fazelpour, F., Vafaeipour, M., Rahbari, O., Rosen, M. A., 2014. "Intelligent optimization to integrate a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle smart parking lot with renewable energy resources and enhance grid characteristics", Energy Conversion and Management, 77, 250 – 261.
  • Figueiredo, R., Nunes, P., Brito, M. C., 2017. "The feasibility of solar parking lots for electric vehicles", Energy, 140, 1182 – 1197.
  • Hoarau, Q., Perez, Y., 2018, "Interactions between electric mobility and photovoltaic generation: A review", Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 94, 510 – 522.
  • Ingersol, J. G, Perkins, C. A. 1996. " The 2.1 kW photovoltaic electric vehicle charging station in the city of Santa Monica, California", Conference Record of The 25th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, Washington, DC, USA.
  • Lee, J., Park, G. L., 2015. "Dual battery management for renewable energy integration in EV charging stations", Neurocomputing, 148, 181 – 186.
  • Lee, S., Iyengar, S., Irwin, D., Shenoy, P., 2016. "Shared solar-powered EV charging stations: feasibility and benefits", 2016 7th International Green and Sustainable Computing Conference (IGSC), Hangzhou, China.
  • Maryland Energy Administration. "Parking lot solar PV canopy with EV charger grant program" https://energy.maryland.gov/business/Pages/incentives/PVEVprogram.aspx. Son erişim tarihi: 13 Şubat 2020
  • Neyestani, N., Damavandi, M.Y., Shafie-Khah, M., Contreras, J., Catalão, J. P. S., 2015. "Allocation of plug-in vehicles’ parking lots in distribution systems considering network-constrained objectives", IEEE Transaction on Power Systems, 30(5), 2643 – 2656.
  • Nunes, P., Figueiredo, R., Brito, M. C., 2016. "The use of parking lots to solar-charge electric vehicles", Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 66, 679 – 693.
  • Rahmani-Andebili, M., Venayagamoorthy, G.K. 2015. "SmartPark placement and operation for improving system reliability and market participation", Electric Power System. Research, 123, 21 – 30.
  • Root L, Perez R., "Photovoltaic covered parking lots – a survey of deployable space in the Hudson River Valley, New York city, and Long Island, New York" http://asrc.albany.edu/people/faculty/perez/publications/Other%20Papers%20and%20Applications/parkings.pdf. Son erişim tarihi: 13 Şubat 2020.
  • Sedighizadeh, M., Mohammadpour, A., Alavi, S. M. M., "A daytime optimal stochastic energy management for EV commercial parking lots by using approximate dynamic programming and hybrid big bang big crunch algorithm", Sustainable Cities and Society, 45, 486 – 498.
  • Solar Power World. "Photoblog: Assurant celebrates earth day with new solar array" https://www.solarpowerworldonline.com/2013/04/photoblog-assurant-celebrates-earth-day-with-new-solar-array/ Son erişim tarihi: 13 Şubat 2020
  • TC Enerji ve Tabii Kaynaklar Bakanlığı, 2019, http://www.enerji.gov.tr. Son erişim tarihi: 13 Mart 2020.
  • Tulpule, P. J., Marano, V., Yurkovich, S., Rizzoni, G., 2013. "Economic and environmental impacts of a PV powered workplace parking garage charging station", Applied Energy, 108, 323 – 332.
  • Tushar, W., Yuen, C., Huang, S., Smith, D. B., Poor, H. V., 2016, "Cost minimization of charging stations with photovoltaics: an approach with EV classification", IEEE Transaction on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 17(1), 156 – 169.
  • Zakariazadeh, A., Jadid, S., Siano, P., 2015. "Integrated operation of electric vehicles and renewable generation in a smart distribution system", Energy Conversion and Management, 89, 99 – 110.
Toplam 22 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Sıtkı Güner 0000-0003-1085-0474

Abdurrahman Muharremoğlu Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-9195-287X

Proje Numarası 119E646
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Ağustos 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Sayı: 19

Kaynak Göster

APA Güner, S., & Muharremoğlu, A. (2020). Bir Havalimanı Otoparkına Kurulabilecek Fotovoltaik Üretim Sisteminin Tasarımı ve Enerji Analizi. Avrupa Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi(19), 182-188. https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.713529