Biogas production from the co-digestion of urban solid waste and cattle manure

Yıl 2020, Ejosat Özel Sayı 2020 (ICCEES), 396 - 403, 05.10.2020

Halil Şenol , Mehtap Erşan , Emre Görgün

https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.802272

Öz

In recent years, the need for alternative energy sources has become an urgent concern due to the decline in fossil fuel input and also the disruption of fossil fuels to cause global warming and waste management, which is a human problem. Biogas, an example of alternative energy, can be used to eliminate these problems related to fossil fuels and biodegradable waste management. Since ancient times, biodegradable waste has been the subject of the discovery of environmentally friendly fuel products such as biogas. Animal manure and urban solid wastes produced by humans are the leading ones among these wastes. In this study, anaerobic digestion of different ratios of cattle manure (CM) and municipal solid waste (MSW) was investigated. Anaerobic digestion studies untreated were carried out in mesophilic conditions. In the reactor where CM: MSW mixture ratio is 2: 1, the highest biogas production (222.5 ± 15.7 mL/g solid matter) was realized compared to other mixture ratios. NaOH pretreatments were applied to this mixing ratio with concentrations of 0.1, 0.5, 1 and 2 N in order to increase biogas yield. After NaOH 1N pretreatment, biogas production increased by 47.46% compared to the untreated reactor. As a result of the application of NaOH pretreatment with 2N value, due to possible rapid resolution, biogas production was decreased compared to 1N NaOH pretreated reactor. As a result of the study, it has been understood that CM and MSW can be a good mixture in anaerobic digestion and biogas production can be increased successfully with NaOH pretreatments.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Biogas, Cattle manure, Urban solid wastes, NaOH pretreatment

Destekleyen Kurum

Sivas Cumhuriyet University Scientific Research Projects Unit (CUBAP)

Proje Numarası

M-748

Teşekkür

This study was supported by the Sivas Cumhuriyet University Scientific Research Projects Unit (CUBAP) under project M-748. We appreciate their contribution.

Kentsel katı atık ve sığır gübresinin ko-sindiriminden biyogaz üretiminin incelenmesi

Öz

Son yıllarda alternatif enerji kaynağına duyulan ihtiyaç, fosil yakıt girdisinin azalması ve ayrıca fosil yakıtların çevreyi bozarak küresel ısınmaya neden olması ve insan sorunu olan atık yönetimi nedeniyle acil bir endişe kaynağı olmuştur. Alternatif enerji örneklerinden biri olan biyogaz, fosil yakıtlar ve biyolojik olarak parçalanabilir atık yönetimi ile ilgili bu sorunları ortadan kaldırmak için kullanılabilir. Çok eski zamanlardan beri, biyolojik olarak parçalanabilen atıklar, biyogaz gibi çevre dostu olan yakıt ürünlerinin keşfinin konusu olmuştur. Bu atıkların başında çoğunlukla hayvan gübreleri ve insanların ürettiği kentsel katı atıklar gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada sığır gübresi (SG) ve kentsel katı atıkların (KKA) farklı oranlardaki karışımlarının anaerobik sindirimi incelenmiştir. Ön işlemsiz anaerobik sindirim çalışmaları mezofilik koşullarda yürütülmüştür. SG: KKA karışım oranının 2:1 olduğu reaktörde diğer karışım oranlarına kıyasla en yüksek biyogaz üretimi (222.5 ± 15.7 mL/g katı madde) gerçekleşmiştir. Bu karışım oranına biyogaz verimini artırmak amacıyla NaOH ön işlemler 0,1, 0,5, 1 ve 2 N konsantrasyonlarda uygulanmıştır. 1N NaOH ön işlem sonucunda biyogaz üretimi ön işlemsiz reaktöre kıyasla % 47,46 oranında artmıştır. NaOH ön işlem konsantrasyonun 2N olması muhtemel hızlı çözünürlük nedeniyle 1N NaOH ön işlemli reaktöre kıyasla biyogaz üretimi azalmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda SG ve KKA’ nın anaerobik fermantasyonda iyi bir karışım olabileceği ve NaOH ön işlemler ile biyogaz veriminin başarıyla artırılabileceği anlaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Biyogaz, Sığır gübresi, Kentsel katı atıklar, NaOH ön işlem

Proje Numarası

M-748

Kaynakça

• Dağtekin M., Eybek A., Üçok S., Beyaz A. 2018. The Effect of Adding Corn Silage at Different Ratios to Orange and Tangerine Wastes on Biogas Production Efficiency, Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 24(4): 531-538.
• Şenol, H. 2020. Anaerobic digestion of hazelnut (Corylus colurna) husks after alkaline pretreatment and determination of new important points in Logistic model curves. Bioresource Technology, 300, 122660.
• Aybek A., Üçok S. 2017. Determination and Evaluation of Biogas and Methane Productions of Vegetable and Fruit Wastes with Hohenheim Batch Test Method, International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, 10(4): 207-215.
• Aybek A., Üçok S., İspir M.A., Bilgili M.E. 2015. Türkiye'de Kullanılabilir Hayvansal Gübre ve Tahıl Sap Atıklarının Biyogaz ve Enerji Potansiyelinin Belirlenerek Sayısal Haritalarının Oluşturulması, Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 12(3):109-120.
• Şenol H., Elibol E. A., Açıkel Ü., Yalçın A. 2018. Farklı Ham Sığır Gübresi/Mezbaha Atıkları Karışım Oranlarının Biyogaz Üretimi Üzerindeki Etkisinin Araştırılması, Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(1): 11-21.
• Sakar S., Yetilmezsoy K., Kocak E. 2009. Anaerobic Digestion Technology in Poultry and Livestock Waste Treatment - A Literature Review. Waste Management & Research, 27(1): 3-18.
• Salminen E., Einola J., Rintala J. 2003. The Methane Production of Poultry Slaughtering Residues and Effects of Pretreatments on the Methane Production of Poultry Feather, Environmental Technology, 24(9): 1079 - 1086.
• Patinvoh R. J., Osadolor O. A., Chandolias K., Horváth I. S., Taherzadeh, M.J. 2017. Innovative Pretreatment Strategies for Biogas Production, Bioresource Technology, 224: 13-24.
• Yenigün O., Demirel B. 2013. Ammonia İnhibition in Anaerobic Digestion: a review, Process Biochemical, 48 (6): 901–911.
• Tufaner F., Avşar Y. 2016. Effects of Co-substrate on Biogas Production from Cattle Manure: a Review, International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 13(9): 2303-2312.
• Forster - Carneiro T., Perez M., Romero L.I. 2006. Composting Potential of Different Inoculum Sources In the Modified SEBAC System Treatment of Municipal Solid Wastes, Bioresource Technology, 98 (1): 3354 - 3366.
• Lopes S.M., Leite V.D., Prasad S. 2004. Influence of Inoculum on Performance of Anaerobic Reactors for Treating Municipal Solid Waste, Bioresource Technology, 94(1): 261 - 266.
• Rasopoor M., Ajabshirchi Y., Adl M., Abdi R., Gharibi A. 2016. The Effect of Ultrasonic Pretreatment on Biogas Generation Yield from Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste under Medium Solids Concentration Circumstance, Energy Conversion and Management, 119(1): 444 - 452.
• Ahmadi-Pirlou M., Ebrahimi-Nik M., Khojastehpour M., Ebrahimi S. H. 2017. Mesophilic Co-digestion of Municipal Solid Waste and Sewage Sludge: Effect of Mixing Ratio, Total Solids, and Alkaline Pretreatment, International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 125: 97-104.
• American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association, Water Pollution Control Federation, & Water Environment Federation. 1920. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. American Public Health Association.
• Van Soest P.v., Robertson J., Lewis B.J. 1991. Methods for Dietary Fiber, Neutral Detergent Fiber, and Nonstarch Polysaccharides in Relation to Animal Nutrition. 74 (10): 3583-3597.
• Zheng M., Li X., Li L., Yang X., He Y. 2009. Enhancing Anaerobic Biogasification of Corn Stover Through Wet State NaOH Pretreatment, Bioresource Technology, 100 (21): 5140-5145.
• Jimenez J., Aemig Q., Doussiet N., Steyer JP., Houot S., Patureau D. 2015. A New Organic Matter Fractionation Methodology for Organic Wastes: Bioaccessibility, and Complexity Characterization for Treatment Optimization, Bioresource Technology, 194 (1): 344 - 353.
• Syaichurrozi I., Sumardiono S. 2013. Predicting Kinetic Model of Biogas Production and Biodegradability Organic Materials: Biogas Production From Vinasse At Variation of COD/N Ratio, Bioresource Technology, 149 (1): 390 - 397.
• Salehian P., Karimi K., Zilouei H., Jeihanipour A. 2013. Improvement of Biogas Production from Pine Wood by Alkali Pretreatment, Fuel, 106(1): 484–489.
• Zhu J., Wan C., Li Y. 2010. Enhanced Solid-State Anaerobic Digestion of Corn Stover by Alkaline Pretreatment, Bioresource Technology, 101 (19): 7523-7528.
• Shetty D. J., Kshirsagar P., Tapadia-Maheshwari S., Lanjekar V., Singh S. K., Dhakephalkar P. K. 2017. Alkali Pretreatment at Ambient Temperature: A Promising Method to Enhance Biomethanation of Rice Straw, Bioresource Technology, 226 (1): 80-88.
• Gabriele M., Stefano P., Gerardo R., Piet N.L.L., Giovanni E. 2018. Trace Elements Dosing and Alkaline Pretreatment in the Anaerobic Digestion of Rice Straw, Bioresource Technology, 247: 897 - 903.
• Kaur K., Phutela U.G. 2016. Enhancement of Paddy Straw Digestibility and Biogas Production by Sodium Hydroxide-Microwave Pretreatment, Renewable Energy, 92: 178 - 184.