Clinical Research

Evaluation of Long Term Follow-Up Results of Olfactory Dysfunction in Patients with Viral Infections Using the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center Test.

Volume: 8 Number: 2 August 31, 2025
European Journal of Rhinology and Allergy Cover
European Journal of Rhinology and Allergy
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Evaluation of Long Term Follow-Up Results of Olfactory Dysfunction in Patients with Viral Infections Using the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center Test.

Abstract

Objective: The prevalence of olfactory dysfunction during COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease-19) ranges from 4% to 80%, yet the duration of olfactory impairment and the factors influencing it are unclear. This study investigated the progression and influencing factors of olfactory dysfunction over a 24-month follow-up period in patients who developed olfactory impairment during COVID-19. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Konya Selçuk University Medicine of Faculty Hospital between 01.06.2020 and 31.12.2023. Fifty-one patients with olfactory dysfunction identified during COVID-19 infection were included. Demographics, clinical histories, and laboratory data were recorded for all patients. Olfactory function was evaluated using the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center (CCCRC) test, and the test was repeated at the end of two years in 49 accessible patients. Changes in olfactory function during the two-year period were reassessed. The duration of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction, types of gustatory impairment, and recovery times were recorded. Results: A negative correlation was found between patient age and the duration of olfactory dysfunction. Patients with pulmonary involvement had significantly longer durations of olfactory dysfunction than those without pulmonary involvement. Conclusion: Although various factors influence the development of olfactory dysfunction during COVID-19, it has been concluded that olfactory dysfunctions are more common and longer, especially in young patients and patients with lung involvement.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Otorhinolaryngology

Journal Section

Clinical Research

Authors

Onur Ural
Türkiye

Publication Date

August 31, 2025

Submission Date

May 16, 2025

Acceptance Date

August 12, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 8 Number: 2

DOI

https://doi.org/10.65396/ejra.1700376

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA44AJ56KR

Cite

RIS / Bibtex
APA
Özer, D., Colpan, B., Elsürer, Ç., Aktuğ Demir, N., Ural, O., Sümer, Ş., & Bozkurt, M. K. (2025). Evaluation of Long Term Follow-Up Results of Olfactory Dysfunction in Patients with Viral Infections Using the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center Test. European Journal of Rhinology and Allergy, 8(2), 56-62. https://doi.org/10.65396/ejra.1700376
AMA
1.Özer D, Colpan B, Elsürer Ç, et al. Evaluation of Long Term Follow-Up Results of Olfactory Dysfunction in Patients with Viral Infections Using the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center Test. Eur J Rhinol Allergy. 2025;8(2):56-62. doi:10.65396/ejra.1700376
Chicago
Özer, Derya, Bahar Colpan, Çağdaş Elsürer, et al. 2025. “Evaluation of Long Term Follow-Up Results of Olfactory Dysfunction in Patients With Viral Infections Using the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center Test”. European Journal of Rhinology and Allergy 8 (2): 56-62. https://doi.org/10.65396/ejra.1700376.
EndNote
Özer D, Colpan B, Elsürer Ç, Aktuğ Demir N, Ural O, Sümer Ş, Bozkurt MK (August 1, 2025) Evaluation of Long Term Follow-Up Results of Olfactory Dysfunction in Patients with Viral Infections Using the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center Test. European Journal of Rhinology and Allergy 8 2 56–62.
IEEE
[1]D. Özer et al., “Evaluation of Long Term Follow-Up Results of Olfactory Dysfunction in Patients with Viral Infections Using the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center Test”., Eur J Rhinol Allergy, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 56–62, Aug. 2025, doi: 10.65396/ejra.1700376.
ISNAD
Özer, Derya - Colpan, Bahar - Elsürer, Çağdaş - Aktuğ Demir, Nazlım - Ural, Onur - Sümer, Şua - Bozkurt, Mete Kaan. “Evaluation of Long Term Follow-Up Results of Olfactory Dysfunction in Patients With Viral Infections Using the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center Test”. European Journal of Rhinology and Allergy 8/2 (August 1, 2025): 56-62. https://doi.org/10.65396/ejra.1700376.
JAMA
1.Özer D, Colpan B, Elsürer Ç, Aktuğ Demir N, Ural O, Sümer Ş, Bozkurt MK. Evaluation of Long Term Follow-Up Results of Olfactory Dysfunction in Patients with Viral Infections Using the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center Test. Eur J Rhinol Allergy. 2025;8:56–62.
MLA
Özer, Derya, et al. “Evaluation of Long Term Follow-Up Results of Olfactory Dysfunction in Patients With Viral Infections Using the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center Test”. European Journal of Rhinology and Allergy, vol. 8, no. 2, Aug. 2025, pp. 56-62, doi:10.65396/ejra.1700376.
Vancouver
1.Derya Özer, Bahar Colpan, Çağdaş Elsürer, Nazlım Aktuğ Demir, Onur Ural, Şua Sümer, Mete Kaan Bozkurt. Evaluation of Long Term Follow-Up Results of Olfactory Dysfunction in Patients with Viral Infections Using the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center Test. Eur J Rhinol Allergy. 2025 Aug. 1;8(2):56-62. doi:10.65396/ejra.1700376

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