Risk Factors for Wound Healing After Surgical Removal of Maxillary Odontogenic Cysts

Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 95 - 101, 10.12.2024

Utku Mete , Fatih Duman Özlem Saraydaroglu Uygar Levent Demir

Abstract

Objective: Odontogenic cyst surgeries are commonly performed procedures, but they may present challenges with
wound healing during the postoperative period. However, insufficient research exists on this topic. This study aimed
to determine the risk factors linked to incomplete wound healing after removing a benign odontogenic cyst in the
maxilla.

Methods: This study involved patients who underwent transoral Caldwell–Luc surgery and endoscopic endonasal
surgery to treat benign odontogenic cysts located in the maxilla between 2014 and 2024 at the University Hospital.
Investigated risk factors included demographic factors (gender, age), medical history (comorbidities, smoking habits),
cyst size, and serum inflammatory markers like neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio,
and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII). After 3 months of the postoperative period, patients were classified
as either having incomplete or optimal healing.

Results: Smoking affected incomplete wound healing (χ² = 6.09, P = .0136). Large cysts are associated with the devel-
opment of poor healing (odds ratio (OR) = 7.5, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.20 to 47.05, P = .0473). Also, high NLR and
SII levels were found to be essential factors in suboptimal wound healing (OR = 4.667, 95% CI 0.42 to 52.12, P = .294;
OR = 9.1, 95% CI 1.39 to 59.62, P = .037, respectively).

Conclusion: This study emphasized the significance of assessing cyst size, smoking status, and inflammatory met-
rics like serum NLR and SII before benign odontogenic cyst surgeries. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and SII, easily
obtained from routine serum tests, may serve as cost-effective prognostic values for wound healing, replacing expen-
sive immunological biomarkers.

Keywords

Biomarkers , immune system , lymphocytes , maxillo-mandibular surgery , neutrophils , odontogenic cysts , platelets , smoking , wound healing

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