Determination of heavy metal risk and their enrichment factor in intensive cultivated soils of Tokat Province

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 3, 249 - 256, 01.07.2019

Betül Bayraklı , Orhan Dengiz

https://doi.org/10.18393/ejss.567357

Cited By: 9

Öz

Heavy metal contamination
has caused serious environmental and health-related problems around the world.
This research was conducted in arable lands of some basins located on Tokat
province. The aim of this present study was to determine I-) some
physico-chemical properties of soils, ii-) to find heavy metal (HM) content and
their enrichment factor (EF) and iii-) to detect relationship between some
physico-chemical properties and HM concentration. To identify the concentrations
and sources of heavy metals, 280 soil samples (0-20 cm) were collected from the
study area. Subsequently, in order to evaluate natural or anthropogenic sources
of heavy metal content and their EF in agricultural fields, the concentrations
of some HMs (Cd, Co, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb and Zn) and some physico-chemical
properties of soil samples were analyzed. The results showed that mostly the
concentration of Ni followed by Cr exceeded their threshold levels. The local
pollutions from Ni and Cr were attributed to the natural influences
(particularly due to parent material). The concentrations of the other HMs are
relatively lower than the critical values. The mean values of the HMs contents
arranged in the following decreasing order: Ni>Cr>Cu>Zn>Co>Pb>Cd
in the studied soil sample. In addition, it was found significantly positive
relation between Pb and OM while the same relation was also found clay content
and Cd and Pb. On the other hand, according to EF of HMs in total soil samples,
Cd, Ni and Cr have found 16%, 10% and 6% soil samples as moderate enrichment
class, whereas 55% and 1% of the total soil samples were determined
significant  enrichment class in terms of
Cd and Ni elements. Besides, all other HM elements did not exceed minimal
enrichment level. However, in some regions of the study area, the Cu, Cd and Pb
contents were also slightly raised, this case possibly stems from anthropogenic
effects such as excessive P fertilization, field traffic and pesticide using.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Heavy metal risk, enrichment factor, micro basin, Tokat

Kaynakça

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