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Effect of potassium levels on teff (Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter) growth and yield in Central Highland Vertisols of Ethiopia

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 105 - 118, 01.04.2020
https://doi.org/10.18393/ejss.663486

Öz

Nutrient depletion and imbalance are among the major attributes that contribute to declining soil productivity in the highlands of Ethiopia. The blanket fertilizer recommendation, which considered only urea and Di-ammonium phosphate (DAP), was used over the past four decades to improve soil fertility for enhancing crop production. Nevertheless, the average national yields of small cereal including teff were low, despite application of nitrogen and phosphorus (NP) fertilizers. On-farm trials were conducted in the 2015/16 and 2016/17 cropping seasons at 18 locations on Ethiopian highland Vertisols to determine the response of teff to potassium (K) fertilization along with other limiting nutrients. Five K levels (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1) in the form of murate of potash (KCl) were used in randomized complete block design with three replications. Separate analysis of variance was conducted for each sites and year. Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at P ≤ 0.05 was used to separate means whenever there were significant differences. Analysis of variance revealed a highly significant difference (P < 0.01) between treatments in both straw and grain yields and tissue nitrogen (N) and K concentrations of teff over the two-cropping seasons in 67% of the test locations. Additionally, responses to K were obtained on soils with available K test ranging between 166 and 282 mg kg-1. The Ca: K and Mg: K ratios were strongly and negatively correlated with relative yield and the correlations suggest that soil with Ca: K > 50:1 and Mg: K >15:1 are likely to respond to potassium fertilization. The yield advantage accrued due to K application ranged from 30 to 77% in 2015/16 and 8 to 51% in 2016/17 seasons. The economic optimum K fertilizer application rates varied between 60 kg K ha-1 in 44% of the sites to 90 kg K ha-1 in 23% of the sites. The findings highlighted the need for revisiting fertilizer program to enhance the yield and nutrient uptake of teff in K responsive soils and developing critical levels for K in the study sites.

Kaynakça

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Yıl 2020, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 105 - 118, 01.04.2020
https://doi.org/10.18393/ejss.663486

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Abebe, B., Workayehu, T., 2015. Effect of method of sowing and time of di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) fertilizer application, on yield and yield components of Tef ((Eragrostic tef) Trotter) at Shebedino, Southern Ethiopia. Advances in Crop Science and Technology 3: 168.
  • Afari-Sefa, V., Kwakye, P.K., Okae-Anti, D., Imoro, I.A., Nyamiah, M., 2004. Potassium Availability in Soils – Forms and Spatial Distribution, The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), Preprint No.110, IC 2004, Trieste, Italy.
  • AgKnowledge, 2011. The fertiliser review. Issue 2. 6p. Available at [Access date: 19.02.2018]: http://agknowledge.co.nz/publications
  • Akhtar, M.E., Khan, M.Z., Rashid, M.T., Ahsan, Z., Ahmad, S., 2010. Effect of potash application on yield and quality of tomato (Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill.). Pakistan Journal of Botany 42(3): 1695–1702.
  • Alam, M.R., Ali, M.A.. Molla, M., Momin, M., Mannan. M., 2010. Evaluation of different levels of potassium on the yield and protein content of wheat in the high Ganges river floodplain soil. Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 34(1): 97-104.
  • Ashok, Singh, J.P., Kumar, N.C., Singh, G.R., 2009. Effect of the levels of potassium and manganese on the uptake of N, P, and K and yield of wheat. Journal of Agricultural Physics 9: 28–32.
  • Astatke, A., Tekalign, M., Peden, D., Diedhiou, M., 2004. Participatory on-farm conservation tillage trial in the Ethiopian highland Vertisols: The impact of potassium application on crop yields. Experimental Agriculture 40(3): 369–379.
  • Ayalew, A., Beyene, S., 2011. The influence of Potassium Fertilizer on the Production of Potato (Solanum tuberosu l.) at Kembata in Southern Ethiopia. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare 1(1): 1–13.
  • Ayalew, A., Kena, K., Dejene, T., 2011. Application of NP Fertilizers for Better Production of Teff (Eragrostis tef (zucc.) trotter) on Different Types of Soils in Southern Ethiopia. Journal of Natural Sciences Research 1: 6–15.
  • Bajwa, M.I., 1994. Soil potassium status, potash fertilizer usage and recommendations in Pakistan. Potash Review No. 3., Basel, Switzerland: International Potash Institute. 4 p.
  • Baque, M.A., Karim, M.A. Hamid, A., Testsushi, H., 2006. Effects of fertilizer potassium on growth, yield and nutrient uptake of wheat (Triticum aestivum) under water stress conditions. South Pacific Study 27(1): 25–35.
  • Bar-Tal, A., Pressman, E., 1996. Root restriction and potassium and calcium solution concentrations affect dry-matter production, cation uptake, and blossom-end rot in greenhouse tomato. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 121(4): 649–655.
  • Bollons, H.M., Barraclough, P.B., 1999. Assessing the phosphorus status of winter wheat crops: inorganic orthophosphate in whole shoots. The Journal of Agricultural Science 133(3): 285–295.
  • Braunschweigh, I.C., 1980. K+ availability in Relation to Clay Content. Results of field experiment. Potash Review 2: 1–8.
  • Brhane, H., Mamo, T., Teka, K., 2017. Optimum potassium fertilization level for growth, yield and nutrient uptake of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in Vertisols of Northern Ethiopia. Cogent Food & Agriculture 3: 1347022.
  • Britzke, D.,.da Silva, L.S., Moterle, D.F., dos Santos Rheinheimer, D., Bortoluzzi, E.C., 2012. A study of potassium dynamics and mineralogy in soils from subtropical Brazilian lowlands. Journal of Soils and Sediments 12(2): 185–197.
  • Cakmak, I., 2005. The role of potassium in alleviating detrimental effects of abiotic stresses in plants. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 168(4): 521–530.
  • Catuchi, T.A., Guidorizzi, F.V.C., Guidorizi, K.A., Barbosa, A.D.M., Souza. G.M., 2012. Physiological responses of soybean cultivars to potassium fertilization under different water regimes. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 47(4):519-527.
  • Chhajro, M.A.,Zia-ul-hassan, Shah, A.N., Talpur, K.H., Kubar, K.A., 2014. Response of two hybrid sunflower genotypes to applied different levels of soil potassium. Persian Gulf Crop Protection 3(2): 45-52.
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  • Debele, B., 1985. The Vertisols of Ethiopia: their properties, classification and management. In: Fifth Meeting of the Eastern African Sub-Committee for Soil Correlation and Land Evaluation, Wad Medani. World Soil Resources Reports, No. 56. FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization), Wad Medani, Sudan, pp. 31–54.
  • El-Wakeel, A., Astatke, A., 1996. Intensification of agriculture on vertisols to minimize land degradation in parts of the Ethiopian Highlands. Land Degradation & Development 7(1): 57–67.
  • Eswaran, H., Cook, T., 1988. Classification and management-related properties of Vertisols. In: Management of vertisols in Sub-Saharan Africa. Jutzi, S.C., Haque, I., Melntire, J., Stares, J.E.S. (Eds.). ILCA, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. pp.64-84.
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  • Loide, V.2004. About the effect of the contents and ratios of soil’s available calcium, potassium and magnesium in liming of acid soils. Agronomy Research 2(1): 71–82.
  • MacLeod, L.B. 1969. Effects of N, P, and K and their interactions on the yield and kernel weight of barley in hydroponic culture. Agronomy Journal 61(1): 26-29.
  • Mamo, T., Richter, C., Heiligtag, B., 2002. Phosphorus availability studies on ten Ethiopian Vertisols. Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics 103(2): 177–183.
  • Marschner, H., 2011. Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants, 2nd Edition. Academic Press, 889p.
  • Marschner, P., 2012. Marschner’s Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants. 3rd Edition. Academic Press, 672p.
  • Mengel, K., Kirkby, E.A., 2001. Principles of plant nutrition, 5th Edition. Kluwer Academic Publishers. Dordrecht, The Netherlands. 807p.
  • Menna, A., Semoka, J.M.R., Amuri, N., Mamo, T., 2015. Wheat response to applied nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorous in three representative areas of the central highlands of Ethiopia –I. International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 8(5): 1–11.
  • Miller, D., 2010. Teff Grass Crop overview and forage production guide. Available at [Access date: 19.02.2018]: https://www.kingsagriseeds.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/Teff-Grass-Management-Guide.pdf
  • Minten, B., Stifel, D., Tamru, S., 2014. Structural transformation in Ethiopia: Evidence from cereal markets. The Journal of Development Studies 50(5): 611–629.
  • Mirutse, F., Haile, M., Kebede, F., Tsegay, A., Yamoah, C., 2009. Response of Teff [Eragrostis (teff) Trotter] to phosphorus and nitrogen on vertisol at North Ethiopia. Journal of the Drylands 2(1): 8-14.
  • Mulugeta, D., Tekalign, M., Sheleme, B., Selamyihun, K., 2019. Potassium critical level in soil for Teff (Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter) grown in the central highland soils of Ethiopia. SN Applied Sciences 1: 958.
  • Mulugeta, D., Tekalign, M., Sokolowski, E., Nachmansohn, J., 2017. Potash fertilization of teff and wheat in the highlands of Ethiopia. International Potash Institute. e-ifc No.48. Available at [Access date: 19.02.2018]: https://www.ipipotash.org/publications/eifc-407
  • Nawaz, I., Zia-Ul-Hassan, Ranjha, A.M., Arshad, M., 2006. Exploiting genotypic variation among fifteen maize genotypes of Pakistan for potassium uptake and use efficiency in solution culture. Pakistan Journal of Botany 38(5): 1689–1696.
  • Nearing, M.A., Jetten, V., Baffaut, C., Cerdan, O., Couturier, A., Hernandez, M., Le Bissonnais, Y., Nichols, M.H., Nunes, J.P., Renschler, C.S., Souchère, V., van Oost, K., 2005. Modeling response of soil erosion and runoff to changes in precipitation and cover. Catena 61(2-3): 131–154.
  • Niu, J., Zhang, W. Chen, X., Li, C., Zhang, F., Jiang, L., Liu, Z., Xiao, K., Assaraf, M., Imas, P., 2011. Potassium fertilization on maize under different production practices in the North China plain. Agronomy Journal 103(83): 822–829.
  • Nukaya, A., Goto, K., Jang. H.G., 1997. Effect of NH4-N levels and K/Ca ratios in the nutrient solution on incidence of blossom-end rot and gold specks on tomato fruits grown in rockwool. In: Plant Nutrition for Sustainable Food Production and Environment. Developments in Plant and Soil Sciences. Ando, T., Fujita, K., Mae, T., Matsumoto, H., Mori, S., Sekiya, J. (Eds.). Vol 78. Springer, Dordrecht. pp. 969-970.
  • Ologunde, O.O., Sorensen, R.C., 1982. Influence of concentrations of K and Mg in nutrient solutions on sorghum. Agronomy Journal 74(1): 41–46.
  • Oosterhuis, D.M., Loka, D.A., Kawakami, E.M., Pettigrew, W.T., 2014. The physiology of potassium in crop production. Advances in Agronomy 126: 203–233. Peck, T.R., Soltanpour, P.N., 1990. The principles of soil testing, In: Soil Testing and Plant Analysis. 3rd Edition. Westerman, R.L. (Ed.). Number 3 in the Soil Science Society of America Book Series. Soil Science Society of America, Inc. Madison, Wisconsin, USA. pp. 1–9.
  • Pettigrew, W.T., 2008. Potassium influences on yield and quality production for maize, wheat, soybean and cotton. Physiologia Plantarum 133: 670–681.
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  • Shunka, E., Chindi, A., W/giorgis, G., Seid, E., Tessma, L., 2016. Response of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) varieties to nitrogen and potassium fertilizer rates in central highlands of Ethiopia. Advances in Crop Science and Technology 4:.50.
  • Voogt, W., 2002. Potassium management of vegetables under ıntensive growth conditions. In: Potassium for sustainable crop production. Pasricha, N.S., Bansal, S.K. (Eds.). International Potash Institute, Bern, Switzerland. pp. 347-362
  • Wahhab, A., Hussain, I., 1957. Effect of nitrogen on growth, quality, and yield of ırrigated wheat in west Pakistan. Agronomy Journal 49(3): 116–119.
  • Wakeel, A., Gul, M., Sanaullah, M., 2013. Potassium dynamics in three alluvial soils differing in clay contents. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture 25(1): 39–44.
  • Wang, M., Zheng, Q., Shen, Q., Guo. S., 2013. The critical role of potassium in plant stress response. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 14(4): 7370–7390.
  • Wubie, A.A., 2015. Review on Vertisol Management for the Improvement of Crop Productivity in Ethiopia. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare 5(12): 92–103.
  • Zia-Ul-Hassan, Arshad, M., 2010. Cotton growth under potassium deficiency stress is influenced by photosynthetic apparatus and root system. Pakistan Journal of Botany 42(2): 917–925.
  • Zia-Ul-Hassan, Kubar, K.A., Rajpar, I., Shah, A.N., Tunio, S.D., Shah J.A., Maitlo, A.A., 2014. Evaluating potassium-use-efficiency of five cotton genotypes of Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Botany 46(4): 1237–1242.
  • Zörb, C., Senbayram, M., Peiter, E., 2014. Potassium in agriculture – Status and perspectives. Journal of Plant Physiology 171(9): 656-669.
Toplam 87 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Articles
Yazarlar

Mulugeta Demiss Bu kişi benim

Tekalign Mamo Bu kişi benim

Sheleme Beyene Bu kişi benim

Selamyihun Kidanu Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Nisan 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Demiss, M., Mamo, T., Beyene, S., Kidanu, S. (2020). Effect of potassium levels on teff (Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter) growth and yield in Central Highland Vertisols of Ethiopia. Eurasian Journal of Soil Science, 9(2), 105-118. https://doi.org/10.18393/ejss.663486