Effect of heavy metals on soil microbial quality of an abandoned mining area Sidi Kamber, North-East of Algeria

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 3, 254 - 263, 01.07.2020

Nabil Charchar Laid Bouchaala Hani Bouyahmed Gherib Gherib Amel Lehout

https://doi.org/10.18393/ejss.735971

Cited By: 2

Öz

The ecological importance of soil bacteria is not limited to their number or biomass, although these parameters contribute greatly. Indeed, their main asset lies in their great genetic and functional diversity.This study aims to determine heavy metal contamination levels of the soils of an abandoned mining area of Sidi Kamber (Skikda), impact of heavy metals on bacterial communities and the possible risks that can affect the ecological balance of this area. Soil samples from three zones (Zone A, B and C) were collected from the top layer (0–20 cm) of mining area. Chemical analysis (pH, organic matter, total organic C, total N, available P, and cation exchange capacity, metal content of (Pb, Cu, Cd, Zn and Ni) and bacterial analysis were carried in center for biotechnology research CRBt. Our results show that the mining area is characterized by an acid pH. Significant variations were observed for edaphic parameters (organic matter, total organic C, total N, available P and cation exchange capacity) between three sampling zones. The overall area was severely polluted with Cu, Cd, Pb, Ni and Zn with a total concentration far exceeding international standards. The bacterial load and diversity were relatively high with a significant variation between the three zones. The PCA analysis of the soil's characteristics indicates that the organic matter and the cation exchange capacity affect the distribution of the metallic trace elements in the soil and allowed us thus to a clear separation of the studied zones.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Heavy metals, mining area, Sidi Kamber, bacterial diversity

Teşekkür

The authors wish to acknowledge the Directorate-General for Scientific Research and technological Development (DGRSDT) for funding the work. Additionally, the members of environmental analysis laboratory (CRBt) for their appreciated efforts to carry out this work.

Kaynakça

• Alexander, M., 1977. Introduction to Soil Microbiology, 2nd Edition. JohnWiley Sons Inc, NewYork, USA. 331p.
• Allen, S.E., Grimshaw, H.M., Rowland, A.P., 1986. Chemical analysis. In: Methods in Plant Ecology. Moore, P.D., Chapman, S.B. (Eds.). Blackwell Scientific Publication, Oxford, London, UK. pp. 285–344.
• Alloway, J.B., 2010. Sources of heavy metals and metalloids in soils. In: Heavy metals in soils: Trace metals and metalloids in soils and their bioavailability. Alloway, J.B. (Ed.). Environmental Pollution 22, Springer, pp.11-50.
• Babich, H., Stotzky, G., 1985. Heavy metal toxicity to microbe-mediated ecologic processes: A review and potential application to regulatory policies. Environmental Research 36(1): 111–137.
• Baiz, D., 2000. Teneurs totales en « métaux lourds » dans les sols français : résultats généraux du programme ASPITET. Courrier de l'environnement de l'INRA No.39, février 2000 [in French]. Available at [access date: 11.12.2018]: https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01203415/file/C39Baize.pdf
• Bamborough, L., Cummings, S., 2009. The impact of increasing heavy metal stress on the diversity and structure of the bacterial and actinobacterial communities of metallophytic grassland soil. Biology and Fertility of Soils 45:273–280.
• Barrow, G.I., Feltham, R.K.A., 1993. Cowan and Steel’s Manual for the Identification of Medical Bacteria. 3rd Edition. Cambridge University. Press, New York, USA. 352 p.
• Barrutia, O. Artetxe, U., Hernández, A., Olano, J.M., García-Plazaola, J.I., Garbisu, C., Becerril, J.M., 2011. Native plant communities in an abandoned Pb-Zn mining area of Northern Spain: Implications for phytoremediation and germplasm. International Journal of Phytoremediation 13(3): 256–270.
• Batty, L.C., 2005. The potential importance of mine sites for biodiversity. Mine Water and the Environment 24: 101–103.
• Beddai, O.F., 1976, Minéralisation de Sidi-Kamber. Rapport N°2, Laboratoire de Géologie appliquée, Université de. Constantine. [in French].
• Boukhalfa, C., 2007. Heavy metals in the water and sediments of oued Es-Souk, Algeria a river receiving acid effluent from an abandoned mine. African Journal of Aquatic Science 32(3): 245–249.
• Bouskill, N., Barker-Finkel, J, Galloway, T.S., Handy, R.D., Ford, T.E., 2010. Temporal bacterial diversity associated with metal-contaminated river sediments. Ecotoxicology 19: 317-328.
• CCME, 2007. Canada Council of Ministers of the Environment. Canadian soil quality guidelines for the protection of environmental and human health: summary tables. Available at [access date: 11.12.2018]: https://www.ccme.ca/
• Chander, K., Brookes, P.C., 1991. Effects of heavy metals from past applications of sewage sludge on microbial biomass and organic matter accumulation in a sandy loam and silty loam U.K. soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 23(10): 927–932.
• Chodak, M., Gołębiewski, M., Morawska-Płoskonka, J., Kuduk, K., Niklińska, M., 2013. Diversity of microorganisms from forest soils differently polluted with heavy metals. Applied Soil Ecology 64: 7–14.
• Claus, D., Berkeley, R.C.W., 1986. Genus Pseudomonas. In: Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology. Sneath, P.H.A., Mair, N.S., Sharpe, M.E. (Eds.). Vol 1. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, USA. pp 140–219.
• Diaby, N., Dold, B, Pfeifer, H.R, Holliger, C., Johnson, D.B., Hallberg, K.B., 2007. Microbial communities in a porphyry copper tailings impoundment and their impact on the geochemical dynamics of the mine waste. Environmental Microbiology 9(2): 298–307.
• Dong, X.Z., Cai, M.Y., 2001. Determinative Manual for Routine Bacteriology. Scientific Press, Beijing, China.
• Doran, J.W., Parkin, T.B., 1994. Defining and assessing soil quality. In: Defining Soil Quality for a Sustainable Environment. Doran, J.W., Coleman, D.C., Bezdicek, B.A., Stewart, B.A. (Eds.), Soil Science Society of America, Special Publication No. 35, ASA-SSSA, Madison, WI, USA. pp.3–21.
• Edraki, M., Baumgartl, T., Manlapig, E., Bradshaw, D., Frank, D.M., Moran, C.J.,2014. Designing mine tailings for better environmental, social and economic outcomes: a review of alternative approaches. Journal of Cleaner Production 84: 411–420.
• Ellis, R.J., Morgan, P., Weightman, A.J., Fry, J.C., 2003. Cultivation-dependent and -independent approaches for determining bacterial diversity in heavy-metal-contaminated soil. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 69: 3223-3230.
• Epelde, L., Becerril, J.M., Barrutia, O., González-Oreja, J.A., Garbisu, C., 2010. Interactions between plant and rhizosphere microbial communities in a metalliferous soil. Environmental Pollution 158(5): 1576-1583.
• Giller, K.E., Witter, E., McGrath, S.P., 1998. Toxicity of heavy metals to microorganisms and microbial processes in agricultural soils: a review. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 30(10-11): 1398–1414.
• Grunda, B., 1985. Processes of decomposition and the microorganisms in soil milieu of a floodplain forest. (In Czech) Final Research Report, VŠZ Brno, Czechoslovakia.
• Hohl, H., Varma, A., 2010. Soil: The living matrix. In: Soil Heavy Metals. Soil Biology. Vol 19. I. Sherameti, I., Varma, A. (Eds.). Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg. pp.1-18.
• Holt, J.G., Krieg, N.R., Sneath, P.H.A., Staley, J.T., Williams, S.T., 1994. Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology. 9th Edition. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, USA. 799p.
• Kandeler, E., Tscherko, D, Bruce, K.D., Stemmer, M., Hobbs, P.J., Bardgett, R.D., Amelung, W., 2000. Structure and function of the soil microbial community in microhabitats of a heavy metal polluted soil. Biology and Fertility of Soils 32: 390-400.
• Kock, D., Schippers, A., 2008. Quantitative microbial community analysis of three different sulfidic mine tailing dumps generating acid mine drainage. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 74: 5211-5219.
• Kozdrój, J., van Elsas, J.D., 2001. Structural diversity of microorganisms in chemically perturbed soil assessed by molecular and cytochemical approaches. Journal of Microbiological Methods 43(3): 197-212.
• Lehout, A., Charchar, N., Nourine, H., Bouyahmed, H., 2017. The effect of heavy metals on plant communities distribution in an abandonend mining area (Northeast-Algeria). Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences 13(1): 37-45.
• Liao, J.F., 1990. Chemical proprieties of the mangrove solonchak in the northeast part of Hainan Island. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universititis Sunyatsensi (Suppl.) 9: 67-72.
• Lin, P., Su, L., Lin Q.Y., 1987. Studies on the mangrove ecosystems of the Jiulong river estuary in China. II. Accumulation and biological cycle of potassium and sodium elements in Kandelia candel community. Acta Ecologia Sinica 7: 102–110.
• Manskaia, S.M., Drozdova, T.V., 1968. Geochemistry of organic substances. Elsevier Science & Technology. 347 p.
• Mishra, B.K., Nayak, C.R., 2009. Environmental implication of chromite mining in Sukinda valley. Proceedings of National Seminar on Recent trends in monitoring and bioremediation of mine and industrial environment. 10-11 January 2009. North Orissa University, Odisha, India.
• Navarro, E., Baun, A., Behra, R., Hartmann,N.B., Filser, J., Miao, A.J., Quigg, A., Santschi, P.H., Sigg L., 2008. Environmental behavior and ecotoxicity of engineered nanoparticles to algae, plants, and fungi. Ecotoxicology 17(5): 372-386.
• Nielsen, N.M., Winding, A., Binnerup, S., Hansen, B.M., Kroer, N., 2002. Microorganisms as indicators of soil health. National Environmental Research Institute (NERI), Denmark. Technical Report No 388. 85p. Available at [access date: 11.12.2018]: https://www2.dmu.dk/1_viden/2_Publikationer/3_fagrapporter/rapporter/FR388.pdf
• Olsen, S.R., Cole, C.V., Watanabe, F.S., Dean, L.A., 1954. Estimation of available phosphorus in soils by extraction with sodium bicarbonate. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Circular No 939, USA, 19p.
• Oumdjbeur, A., 1986. Assessment of the physico-chemical quality of the waters of the Guénitra dam catchment area (Skikda Province, Algeria). PhD Thesis. Department of Environmental Chemistry, University of Savoie, France. 132 p.
• Pansu, M., Gautheyrou, J., 2006. Handbook of soil analysis. Mineralogical, organic and inorganic methods. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. 993p.
• Pereira., L.B., Vicentini, R., Ottoboni, L.M.M., 2015. Characterization of the core microbiota of the drainage and surrounding soil of a Brazilian copper mine. Genetics and Molecular Biology 38(4): 484-489.
• Pereira., LB., Vicentini, R., Ottoboni, L.M.M., 2014. Changes in the bacterial community of soil from a neutral mine drainage channel. PLoS ONE 9(5): e96605.
• Pérez-Esteban, J., Escolástico, C., Masaguer, A., Vargas, C., Molier, A., 2014. Soluble organic carbon and pH of organic amendments affect metal mobility and chemical speciation in mine soils. Chemosphere 103:164-171.
• Rashid, M.A., Leonard, J.D., 1973. Modifications in the solubility and precipitation behavior of various metals as a result of their interaction with sedimentary humic acid. Chemical Geology 11(2): 89-97.
• Rattan, R.K., Datta, S.P., Chhonkar, P.K., Suribabu, K., Singh, A.K., 2005. Long-term impact of irrigation with sewage effluents on heavy metal content in soils, crops and groundwater - a case study. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 109(3-4): 310-322.
• Reis, M.P., Barbosa, F.A.R., Chartone-Souza, E., Nascimento, A.M.A., 2013. The prokaryotic community of a historically mining-impacted tropical stream sediment is as diverse as that from a pristine stream sediment. Extremophiles 17: 301-309.
• Rowell, D.L., 1996. Soil Science: Methods and Applications, third ed, Longman, London, UK. 350 p.
• Ryan R., Ryan D., Dowling, D., 2005. Multiple metal resistant transferable phenotypes in bacteria as indicators of soil contamination with heavy metals (6 pp). Journal of Soils and Sediments 5: 95–100.
• Sandaa, R.A., Torsvik, V., Enger, Ø., 2001. Influence of long-term heavy-metal contamination on microbial communities in soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 33(3): 287-295.
• Sevgi, E., Coral, G., Gizir, A.M., Sagün, M. K., 2009. Investigation of heavy metal resistance in some bacterial strains isolated from industrial soils. Turkish journal of Biology 34: 423-431.
• Singer, A., 1977. Extractable sesquioxides in six Mediterranean soils developed on basalt and scoria. European Journal of Soil Science 28(1): 125-135.
• Singh, B.K., Quince, C., Macdonald, C.A, Khachane, A., Thomas, N., Abu Al-Soud, W., Sorensen, S.J., He, Z., White, D., Sinclair, A., Crooks, B., Zhou, J., Campbell, C.D., 2014. Loss of microbial diversity in soils is coincident with reductions in some specialized functions. Environmental Microbiology 16(8): 2408-2420.
• Streten-Joyce, C., Manning ,J, Gibb, KS., Neilan, B.A., Parry, D.L., 2013. The chemical composition and bacteria communities in acid and metalliferous drainage from the wet–dry tropics are dependent on season. Science of The Total Environment 443: 65-79.
• SWS, 2014. Skikda Weather Station (SWS). 20-year climatic data recorded from Oum Toub region.
• Tam, N.F.Y., Li, S.H, Lan, C.Y., Chen, G.Z, Li, M.S., Wong, Y.S., 1995. Nutrients and heavy metal contamination of plants and sediments in Futian mangrove forest. Hydrobiologia 295: 149-158.
• Taylor, J.P., Wilson, B., Mills, M.S., Burns, R.G., 2002. Comparison of microbial numbers and enzymatic activities in surface soils and subsoils using various techniques. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 34(3): 387–401.
• Torsvik, V., Øvreås, L., 2002. Microbial diversity and function in soil: from genes to ecosystems. Current Opinion in Microbiology 5(3): 240-245.
• Uroz, S., Calvaruso, C, Turpault, M.P., Frey-Klett, P., 2009. Mineral weathering by bacteria: ecology, actors and mechanisms. Trends in Microbiology 17(8): 378-387.
• Valverde, A., González-Tirante, M., Medina-Sierra, M., Santa-Regina, I., García-Sánchez, A., Igual, J.M., 2011. Diversity and community structure of culturable arsenic-resistant bacteria across a soil arsenic gradient at an abandoned tungsten–tin mining area. Chemosphere 85(1): 129-134.
• VROM, 2009. Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment (VROM). 2009. Circular on target values and intervention values for soil remediation, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
• Walkley, A.J., Black, I.A., 1934. Estimation of soil organic carbon by the chromic acid titration method. Soil Science 37(1): 29-38.
• Welch, S.A., Barker, W.W., Banfield, J.F., 1999. Microbial extracellular polysaccharides and plagioclase dissolution. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 63(9): 1405-1419.
• Whiting, S.N., Reeves, R.D., Richards, D., Johnson, M.S., Cooke, J.A., Malaisse, F., Paton, A., Smith, J.A.C., Angle, J.S., Chaney, RL., Ginocchio, R., Jaffre, T., Johns, R., McIntyre, T., Purvis, OW., Salt, D.E., Schat, H., Zhao, F.J., Baker, A.J.M., 2004. Research priorities for conservation of metallophyte biodiversity and their potential for restoration and site remediation. Restoration Ecology 12(1): 106-116.