Effects of different fertilization practices on CH4 and N2O emissions in various crop cultivation systems: A case study in Kazakhstan

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 4, 363 - 370, 27.09.2023

Maira Kussainova Maxat Toishimanov Gulnaz Iskakova Nursultan Nurgali Jiquan Chen

https://doi.org/10.18393/ejss.1344462

Öz

The present study investigates the effects of different fertilization practices, including chemical and organic fertilizers, on CH4 and N2O emissions in various crop cultivation systems in Kazakhstan. The research focuses on three staple crops: wheat, barley, and corn, which are commonly grown in the region. A randomized complete block design field trial was conducted with three replications for each crop, totaling 27 plots. Gas sampling was carried out five times between June and September 2021, with cylindrical gas sampling chambers inserted into the soil at a depth of 10 cm. The concentrations of CH4 and N2O were analyzed using GS-MS. Results reveal that all three crops exhibited moderate to high CH4 and N2O emissions, with corn consistently displaying the highest emissions. Both chemical and organic fertilizers led to increased emissions of CH4 and N2O compared to control plots. The organic fertilizer treatment occasionally showed slightly higher emissions compared to chemical fertilizer treatment. However, the differences in CH4 and N2O concentrations between fertilized and unfertilized plots were not drastically significant. Notably, environmental factors, such as soil moisture and temperature, played a more prominent role in influencing CH4 and N2O production than the type of fertilizer applied. These findings underscore the significance of optimizing fertilization practices to minimize greenhouse gas emissions while maintaining crop productivity and promoting sustainable agriculture in Kazakhstan.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Greenhouse gas emissions, fertilization practices, crop cultivation, Kazakhstan.

Kaynakça

• Anshori, A., Sunarminto, B.H., Haryono, E., Pramono, A., Mujiyo, 2020. Effect of organic fertilizers on CH4 and N2O production from organic paddy field. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 724: 012056
• Bouyoucos, G.J., 1962. Hydrometer method improved for making particle size analyses of soils. Agronomy Journal 54(5): 464-465.
• Bower, C.A., Wilcox L.V., 1965. Soluble Salts. In: Methods of soil analysis. Part 2. Chemical and microbiological properties. Black, C.A., Evans, D.D., White, J.L., Ensminger, L.E., Clark F.E. (Eds.), Soil Science Society of America. Madison, Wisconsin, USA. pp. 933-951.
• Bremner, J.M., 1965. Total nitrogen, In: Methods of soil analysis. Part 2. Chemical and microbiological properties. Black, C.A., Evans, D.D., White, J.L., Ensminger, L.E., Clark F.E. (Eds.), Soil Science Society of America. Madison, Wisconsin, USA. pp. 1149-1176.
• Cassia, R., Nocioni, M., Correa-Aragunde, N., Lamattina, L., 2018. Climate Change and the Impact of Greenhouse Gasses: CO2 and NO, Friends and Foes of Plant Oxidative Stress. Frontiers in Plant Science 9: 273.
• Datta, A., Adhya, T.K., 2014. Effects of organic nitrification inhibitors on methane and nitrous oxide emission from tropical rice paddy. Atmospheric Environment 92: 533–545.
• Dillon, K.A., Walker, T.W., Harrell, D.L., Krutz, L.J., Varco, J.J., Koger, C.H., Cox, M.S., 2012. Nitrogen sources and timing effects on nitrogen loss and uptake in delayed flood rice. Agronomy Journal 104(2): 466-472.
• Dlamini, J.C., Cardenas, L.M., Tesfamariam, E.H., Dunn, R.M., Evans, J., Hawkins, J.M.B., Blackwell, M.S.A., Collins, A.L., 2022. Soil N2O and CH4 emissions from fodder maize production with and without riparian buffer strips of differing vegetation. Plant and Soil 477: 297–318.
• FAO, 2002. Organic agriculture, environment and food security. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Available at [Access date: 11.12.2022]: https://www.fao.org/family-farming/detail/en/c/285489/
• FAO, 2009. Profile for climate change. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Available at [Access date: 11.12.2022]: https://www.fao.org/3/i1323e/i1323e00.pdf Granli, T, Bøckman, O.C., 1994. Nitrogen oxide in agriculture. Norwegian Journal of Agriculture Science 12: 7–128.
• Gu, J.X., Zheng, X.H., Wang, Y.H., Ding, W.X., Zhu, B., Chen, X., Wang, Y.Y., Zhao, Z.C., Shi, Y., Zhu, J., 2007. Regulatory effects of soil properties on background N2O Emissions from agricultural soils in China. Plant and Soil 295: 53–65.
• Gu, J.X., Zheng, X.H., Zhang, W., 2009. Background nitrous oxide emissions from croplands in China in the year 2000. Plant and Soil 320: 307–320.
• Hemathilake, D.M.K.S. Gunathilake, D.M.C.C., 2022. Agricultural productivity and food supply to meet increased demands. In: Future Foods: Global Trends, Opportunities, and Sustainability Challenges highlights. Bhat, R. (Ed.). Academic Press. pp. 539-553.
• IAEA, 1992. Manual on measurement of methane and nitrous oxide emissions from agriculture. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Vienna, Austria. IAEA-TECDOC-674. 88p. Available at [Access date: 11.12.2022]: https://inis.iaea.org/collection/NCLCollectionStore/_Public/24/019/24019160.pdf
• Jena, J., Ray, S., Srichandan, H., Das, A., Das, T., 2013. Role of microorganisms in emission of nitrous oxide and methane in pulse cultivated soil under laboratory incubation condition. Indian Journal of Microbiology 53(1): 92-99.
• Kussainova, M., Tamenov T., Toishimanov M., Syzdyk A., Iskakova G., Nurgali N. 2023. Dynamıc monıtorıng of NDVI ın agronomıc testıng of agro crops usıng an unmanned aerıal vehıcle. Scientific Journal “Bulletin of Science of the S.Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University” 2(117): 148-161. [in Russian]
• Lu, Y.Y., Huang, Y., Zou, J.W., Zheng, X.H., 2006. An inventory of N2O emissions from agriculture in China using precipitation- rectified emission factor and background emission. Chemosphere 65: 1915–1924.
• Malyan, S.K., Bhatia, A., Fagodiya, R.K., Kumar, S.S., Kumar, A., Gupta, D.K., Tomer, R., Harit, R.C., Kumar, V., Jain, N., Pathak, H., 2021. Plummeting global warming potential by chemicals interventions in irrigated rice: A lab to field assessment. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 319: 107545.
• Mosier, A.R., Parton, W.J., Valentine, D.W., Ojima, D.S., Schimel, D.S., Delgado, J.A., 1996. CH4 and N2O fluxes in the Colorado shortgrass steppe. 1: Impact of landscape and nitrogen addition. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 10(3): 387–399.
• Olsen,S.R., Dean, L.A., 1965. Phosphorus. In: Methods of soil analysis. Part 2. Chemical and microbiological properties. Black, C.A., Evans, D.D., White, J.L., Ensminger, L.E., Clark F.E. (Eds.), Soil Science Society of America. Madison, Wisconsin, USA. pp. 1035-1049.
• Pratt, P.F., 1965. Potassium. In: Methods of soil analysis. Part 2. Chemical and microbiological properties. Black, C.A., Evans, D.D., White, J.L., Ensminger, L.E., Clark F.E. (Eds.), Soil Science Society of America. Madison, Wisconsin, USA. pp. 1022-1030.
• Shimizu, N., Hatano, R., Arita, T., Kouda, Y., Mori, A., Matsuura, S., Niimi, M., Jin, T., Desyatkin, A.R., Kawamura, O., Hojito, M., Miyata, A., 2013. The effect of fertilizer and manure application on CH4 and N2O emissions from managed grasslands in Japan. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 59(1): 69-86.
• Tellez-Rio, A., Vallejo, A., García-Marco, S., Martin-Lammerding, D., Tenorio, J.L., Rees, R.M., Guardia, G., 2017. Conservation Agriculture practices reduce the global warming potential of rainfed low N input semi-arid agriculture. European Journal of Agronomy 84: 95–104.
• Umesha, S., Honnayakanahalli, M.G., Manukumar, B.C., 2018. Sustainable Agriculture and Food Security. In: Biotechnology for Sustainable Agriculture: Emerging Approaches and Strategies. Singh, R.L., Mondal, S. (Eds.). Woodhead Publishing. pp. 67-92.
• van den Pol-van Dasselaar, A., van Beusichem, M.L., Oenema, O., 1998. Effects of soil moisture content and temperature on methane uptake by grasslands on sandy soils. Plant and Soil 204: 213–222.
• Walkley, A., Black, C.A., 1934. An examination of the Degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Science 37(1): 29–38.
• Zhao, X., Liu, B.Y., Liu, S.L., Qi, J.Y., Wang, X., Pu, C., Li, S.S., Zhang, X.Z., Yang, X.G., Lal, R., Chen, F., Zhang, H.L., 2020. Sustaining crop production in China's cropland by crop residue retention: A meta-analysis. Land Degradation and Development 31(6): 694 -709.
• Zhao, X., Wang, J., Wang, S., Xing, G., 2014. Successive straw biochar application as a strategy to sequester carbon and improve fertility: A pot experiment with two rice/wheat rotations in paddy soil. Plant and Soil 378: 279-294.