Morphological and Phenological Variability of Ber Genotypes under Semi-Arid Conditions in Haryana, India

Abstract

The study on morphological variability in fruiting characteristics of ber genotypes was conducted at the experimental orchard of CCS Haryana Agricultural University Regional Research Station, Bawal. In this study sixteen genotypes were planted in a randomized block design were grown under uniform agronomic practices and evaluated for variability. Different genotypes showed considerable variation in morphological parameters. The shortest time taken from fruit setting to fruit maturity (118.7 days) was observed in Gola, which was statistically at par with Kaithali (121.3 days) and the maximum time taken from fruit setting to fruit maturity (152.0 days) was reported in Bawal Sel-1. The maturity period of Gola, Goma Kriti and Kakrola Gola was observed early, whereas Umran, Bawal Sel-1, Bawal Sel-2 and Katha Phal had late-maturing fruit. Remaining fruit of eight genotypes (Kaithali, Chhuhara, Thar Sevika, Thar Bhubraj, Narendra Ber Sel-1, Narendra Ber Sel-2, Rohtak Safeda, Mudia Murhara and Illaichi) were maturing in mid of season. The longest fruit (40.99 mm) was recorded in Narendra Ber Sel-1, followed by Chhuhara (38.86 mm), Mudia Murhara (38.03 mm) and Umran (37.22 mm), whereas the minimum fruit length (20.34 mm) was reported in Illaichi. The Narendra Ber Sel-1 had the maximum fruit diameter i.e., 38.90 mm, which was followed by Bawal Sel-2 (29.26 mm) and Bawal Sel-1 (28.85 mm). The minimum fruit diameter (17.57 mm) was recorded in Illaichi. Maximum fruit weight of 37.69 g was recorded in Narendra Ber Sel-1, followed by Umran (26.37 g) and Narendra Ber Sel-2 (26.05 g). In contrast, the lowest fruit weight of 6.05 g was observed in Illaichi. Maximum stone length (28.88 mm) and stone diameter (11.44 mm) were recorded in Chhuhara, while stone weight (1.47 g) was recorded maximum in Narendra Ber Sel-1 whereas minimum stone length (11.94 mm), stone diameter (5.01 mm) and stone weight (0.58 g) were recorded in Illaichi. Maximum pulp/stone ratio (26.64) was noted in Narendra Ber Sel-2, followed by Narendra Ber Sel-1 (24.64) and Kaithali (24.53).

Keywords

• Genotypes
• Indian jujube
• pulp stone ratio
• fruit size
• fruit shape
• stone size

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