Determination of Resistance to Broomrape and Yield Performances of IMI Type Sunflower Hybrids

Year 2026, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 38 - 45, 01.02.2026

Mehmet İbrahim Yılmaz , Samet Sağlam , Bayram Serkan Cabar , Veli Pekcan

https://izlik.org/JA34JM44JW

Abstract

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is the most widely cultivated oilseed crop in Türkiye. However, sunflower production
is severely constrained by broomrape (Orobanche cumana Wallr.). Herbicide-tolerant sunflower cultivars resistant to
imazamox (IMI) play a crucial role in controlling broomrape and other weeds. In Türkiye, newly emerging broomrape
races are currently present in almost all sunflower-growing areas. This study aimed to evaluate the yield performance and
broomrape resistance of IMI-tolerant hybrid sunflower cultivars developed within the scope of TARI’s National Sunflower
Project. Field experiments were conducted in four locations in 2024. Experimental design was a randomized complete
block design with four replications. Weed control was achieved by applying imazamox (40 g L⁻¹) at a rate of 1.25 L ha⁻¹ at
the 6-8 leaf stage. Statistical analyses were performed using the JMP software. Broomrape resistance was evaluated under
both field conditions in Keşan and artificial inoculation tests in pots. In field trial, plots with two replicates. Each plots
consisted 32 plants. Infection frequency, infection intensity, and aggressiveness levels were assessed, and genotypes were
classified as susceptible, tolerant, or resistant. The results showed that TTAE IMI 23-130 and TTAE IMI 23-135 exhibited
superior seed yield, oil yield, and high tolerance to new broomrape races, and they were identified as the most promising
hybrids for variety registration. The susceptibility of OR7 gene-carrying genotypes further indicates the emergence of new
broomrape races in the region.

Keywords

Sunflower , broomrape , imazamox , inoculation , yield

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