Sowing Time, Variety and Seed Fungicide Application Effect on Grain Quality Properties of Bread Wheat

Abstract

In the present s tudy, Esperia, Genesi, Anapo bread wheat varieties (early, middle and late-maturing time, respectively) were used as materials and the seeds of these varieties were treated with 4 different seed fungicides (Prothioconazole + Tebuconazole, Carboxin + Thiram, Prochloraz + Triticonazole and Control) before sowing. After that, these 3 varieties were sown on November 1, November 15 and November 30. The quality characters such as tes t weight, gluten ratio, gluten index, sedimentation value, sunn pes t damage ratio, black point ratio and protein ratio were inves tigated. When the quality features are analyzed in terms of three different sowing times, the highes t quality values are obtained from 2nd sowing time, while the lowes t values are obtained from the cultivation on 1s t sowing time. Among the wheat varieties, the highes t quality values were obtained in the Esperia variety, while the lowes t values were the earlies t variety Anapo. When the effects of four different seed fungicide applications on the quality characteris tics are examined, the highes t means were in Carboxin + Thiram and Prochloraz + Tiriticonazole fungicide applications for gluten ratio; were in Carboxin + Thiram, Prothioconazole + Tebuconazole and Prochloraz + Tiriticonazole fungicide applications for gluten index and protein ratio. The mos t appropriate seed fungicide applications were Carboxin + Thiram and Prothioconazole + Tebuconazole for tes t weight, black point ratio and sunn pes t damage ratio, and the Prob thioconazole + Tebuconazole seed fungicide application for sedimentation value. Higher quality values were obtained in all three seed fungicide applications for all quality characteris tics compared to control applications.

Keywords

• sowing
• wheat,
• ungicide,
• gluten,
• sedimentation,
• protein ratio

References

1. Akgül DS and Erkılıç A (2016). Effect of wheat cultivars, fertilizers, and fungicides on Fusarium foot rot disease of wheat. Turk J Agriculture and Forestry 40: 101-108.
2. Bağcı SA, Hekimhan H, Gültekin İ, Tunalı B, Nicol JM, Yıldırım AF, Çekiç C, Bolat N, Araz A, Erdurmuş D, Büyük O, Taner A, Ercan B, Güneş A, Topal İ, Aydoğdu M, Şahin M, Arısoy RZ, Kaya Y, Özseven İ, Demir L and Uçkun Z (2006). Buğday ve Arpada Kök ve Kök Boğazı Hastalık Etmenlerinin Belirlenmesi, Dayanıklı Çeşitlerin Geliştirilmesi, Uygun Yetiştirme ve Mücadele Tekniklerinin Belirlenmesi. Ülkesel Proje Sonuç Raporu. Bahri Dağdaş Uluslararası Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü.
3. Bolat N, Nicol JM, Yıldırım AF, Tülek A, Yorgancılar A, Şahin E, Kaplan A and Elekçioğlu H (2004). A national project “Nematode damage and its control in wheat” and Yield losses caused by nematodes. 1st National Pathology Congress, 8-10th Sept., Samsun, Turkey.
4. Hekimhan H, Bagci A, Nicol J, Arisoy Z, Taner S and Sahin S (2004). Dryland root rot: a major threat to winter cereal production under sub-optimal growing conditions. Poster paper presented at “International Crop Science Congress - New directions for a diverse planet”. Proceeding of the 4th International Crop Science Congress, 26th Sep-1st Oct 2004, Brisbane, Australia.
5. Köycü ND and Özer N (2014). Determination of resistance in some wheat cultivars against Fusarium spp. isolates in Trakya region. 14th Mediterranean Phytopathological Union International Society of Mycotoxicology, 25-29 August, Istanbul, Turkey.
6. Nicol JM, Bolat N, Yildirim AF, Yorgancilar A, Kaplan A and Braun HJ (2005). The cereal cyst nematode is causing economic damage on rainfed wheat production systems of Turkey. Paper presented at Joint Meeting Annual Western Soil Fungus Conference and American Phytopathology Society, 28th June-1st July, Portland, USA.
7. Nicol JM and Rivoal R (2008). Global knowledge and its application for the integrated control and management of nematodes on wheat. Pp. 243-287 in A. Ciancio and K. G. Mukerji, (eds.). Integration Management and Biocontrol of Vegetable and Grain Crops Nematodes. Dordrecht, the Netherlands: Springer.
8. Singh RP, Huerta-Espino J, Fuentes G, Duveiller E, Gilchrist L, Henry M and Nicol JM (2005).

9. Resistance to Diseases, Chapter 10 in Durum Wheat Breeding: Current Approaches and Future Strategies. Edited by C. Royo, M. Nachit, N. Di Fonzo, J. Araus, W.P. Pfeiffer, G. Slafer. Food Product Press, New York, USA, Haworth Press Inc. 291-327.
10. Smiley RW, Collins PH and Rasmussen EP (1996). Diseases of Wheat in Long-Term Agronomic Experiments at Pendleton, Oregon. Plant Disease 80: 813-820.
11. Spolti P, Guerra DS, Badiale-Furlong E and Del Ponte EM (2013). Single and sequential applications of Metconazole alone or in mixture with pyraclostrobin to improve Fusarium head blight control and wheat yield in Brazil. Tropical Plant Pathology 38(2):85-96.