Determination of Variability for Grain Yield and Quality Traits in Gamma-Ray Irradiated Bread Wheat Populations

Abstract

The s tudy was carried out in the experimental area of the Field Crops Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Namik Kemal University in the growing season of 2011-12. In the s tudy, grain yield and its components and some quality traits such as 1000 grain weight, wet gluten content, gluten index, sedimentation value and protein content were inves tigated. The results exhibited significant differences among the tes ted genotypes, for all s tudied characters except spike length, indicating genetic variation among them. The genetic variation was higher for grain yield and its components when compared with quality characteris tics. These differences show that the effects of increasing gamma irradiation are not sys tematically negative for plant height, while positive for all other characters in comparison with controls. In general, it is unders tood that the highes t percent changes are achieved in 200 and 250 Gy of gamma radiation doses for yield components, while are in 300-350 Gy for the quality characteris tics. The values of phenotypic coefficient of variation PCV were slightly higher than their corresponding values of GCV for all traits. Moderate es timates of genotypic coefficient of variation GCV were obtained by grain yield (12.50%), gluten content (11.20%) and grain weight per spike (10.20%), respectively. Low es timates of GCV (less than 10) were recorded for the other characters inves tigated. The h2 values ranged from 37.3%, for sedimentation value, and 86.6%, for plant height, while the values of GA% ranged between 0.09 and 593.0.5% at 10% selection intensity for grain weight per spike and grain yield, respectively. The high values of heritability coupled with high values of genetic advance (%) were recorded by plant height, indicates the importance of the additive gene effects, so, selection would be effective in early generations for the trait. The high values of heritability coupled with moderate values of genetic advance (%) for harves t index and gluten index indicate selection would be a delay in later generations.

Keywords

• Bread wheat
• gamma rays
• yield
• quality
• mutated population

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