Characterization of Turkish Edible Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Gene Resources and Their Utilisation in Breeding Programs

Year 2025, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 53 - 59, 31.07.2025

Dürdane Mart

Abstract

Total 70 different genotypes sourced from local edible pea (Pisum sativum L.) populations were obtained from the Izmir
gene bank and sown in the Eastern Mediterranean Agricultural Research Institute to morphologically characterize the
genotypes. This trial was conducted in 2013. Morphological characterization studies were carried out according to the
identification list published by IPGRI for peas and the UPOV feature document for peas. The characteristics of the pea
plants and their seeds were examined and the differences between these characteristics were determined. It was aimed to
determine the vegetative characteristics of the related pea populations, to assist selections of pre-breeding material and
start breeding studies for cultivar development.
Plant height, first pod height, number of main branches and number of pods per plant of the examined pea populations
were 32-135 cm; 17-85 cm; 1-4; 1-26, respectively. The number of full pods per plant, pod length, number of grains per
plant, grain weight per plant and plot yields values were varied between 1-30; 3-9 cm; 2-118; 1-83 g and 50-434 kg/9 m2,
respectively. It was determined that the number of pods, number of full pods, number of grains, plant straw weight and
plant grain weight were effective on the first main component. Seed color, pod length, seed color, hilum color and plot
yield were found to be effective on the second main component. In the third main component, the effect of plant height
and first pod height characteristics was determined. It was concluded that there are promising genotypes in terms of
breeding, and selection work should be continued in these genotypes.

Keywords

Pea , genetic resources , morphological characterization

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