Research Article
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CHOICE OF EMERGENCY DISTANCE EDUCATION TOOLS: THE CASE OF AN ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHER EDUCATION PROGRAM

Year 2025, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 220 - 242, 01.01.2026
https://doi.org/10.71362/eltrj.1783995

Abstract

Unexpected events like the Covid 19 pandemic emphasize the growing importance of Distance Education (DE) as an alternative to face-to-face education. While studies have explored emergency DE, user perceptions and comparisons of its tools remain underexplored. This study investigated users’ tool choices (specifically, Zoom, Perculus, instructor-recorded-videos, and YouTube-videos) after two semesters of DE, along with their reasons. Data collected through a questionnaire from 123 preservice teachers (PSTs) and 15 teacher trainers (TTs) of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teacher education program in a Turkish university revealed that participants mostly preferred Zoom, followed by Perculus, further followed by Youtube-videos, and instructor-made-videos. The study also revealed differences among trainees across years of study. Reasons identified via thematic analysis revolved around ease of participation and interaction for Zoom, rewatching and storage for Perculus, and autonomy and self-pacing for instructor-recordings and YouTube-videos. The study bears implications for educational institutions to better tailor their DE for distinct needs and expectations, and thus enhance the effectiveness of DE.

Ethical Statement

Data collection for this study was initiated after obtaining ethical approval from XXX University Rectorate Human Research Ethics Committee on April 5, 2021 (Document issue number: 2021/3-44)

References

  • Barnes, R., Hall, R., Lowe, V., Pottinger, C., & Popham, A. (2020). Lessons from an online teacher preparation program: flexing work experience to meet student needs and regulators’ requirements in the United States. Journal of Education for Teaching, 46(4), 528-535. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2020.1802203
  • Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research
  • Çamlıbel-Acar, Z., & Eveyik-Aydın, E. (2022). Perspectives of EFL teacher trainers and pre-service teachers on continued mandatory distance education during the pandemic. Teaching and Teacher Education, 112, 103635. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2022.103635
  • Cao, J. (2020). Foreign language learners’ preference of e-learning methods: an empirical study. Proceedings of the International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Education (ICAIE), Virtual, China, 311-315. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAIE50891.2020.00080
  • Cankaya, S. & Durak, G. (2020). Integrated systems in emergency distance education: Microsoft Teams. Necatibey Faculty of Education Electronic Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 14(2), 889-920. https://doi.org/10.17522/balikesirnef.827595
  • Conole, G., & Dyke, M. (2004). What are the affordances of information and communication technologies? ALT-J, 12(2), 113–124. https://doi.org/10.3402/rlt.v12i2.11246
  • Correia, A. P., Liu, C., & Xu, F. (2020). Evaluating videoconferencing systems for the quality of the educational experience. Distance Education, 41(4), 429-452. https://doi.org/10.1080/01587919.2020.1821607
  • Creswell, J. W. (2014). A concise introduction to mixed methods research. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
  • Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly.
  • Durak, G., Cankaya, S., & İzmirli, S. (2020). Examining the Turkish universities’ distance education system during the COVID-19 pandemic. Necatibey Eğitim Fakültesi Elektronik Fen ve Matematik Eğitimi Dergisi, 14(1), 787-809. https://doi.org/10.17522/balikesirnef.743080
  • Fidalgo, P., Thormann, J., Kulyk, O., & Lencastre, J. A. (2020). Students’ perceptions on distance education: A multinational study. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 17, 18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-020-00194-2
  • Flores, M. A., & Gago, M. (2020). Teacher education in times of COVID-19 pandemic in Portugal: national, institutional and pedagogical responses. Journal of Education for Teaching, 46(4), 507-516. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2020.1799709
  • Gibson, J. J. (1979). The ecological approach to visual perception. Houghton Mifflin.
  • Göksel, N. (2022). Examination of the effectiveness of live-course recordings in learning English in the Covid-19 period. Inonu University Journal of the Faculty of Education, 23(1), 539-561. https://doi.org/10.17679/inuefd.1043450
  • Gunawardena, C. N., & McIsaac, M. S. (2008). Distance education. In D. H. Jonassen (Ed.), Handbook of research on educational communications and technology (2nd ed., pp.355-395). Routledge.
  • Kalloo, R. C., Mitchell, B., & Kamalodeen, V. J. (2020) Responding to the COVID-19 pandemic in Trinidad and Tobago: challenges and opportunities for teacher education. Journal of Education for Teaching, 46(4), 452-462. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2020.1800407
  • Karadağ, E., Çiftçi, Ş. K., Gök, R., Su, A., Ergin-Kocatürk, H., & Çiftçi, Ş. S. (2021). COVID-19 pandemi sürecinde üniversitelerin uzaktan eğitim kapasiteleri. Üniversite Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(1), 8-22. https://doi.org/10.26701/uad.874799
  • Kentnor, H. (2015). Distance education and the evolution of online learning in the United States. Curriculum and Teaching Dialogue, 17(1), 21-34.
  • Kidd, W., & Murray, J. (2020). The Covid-19 pandemic and its effects on teacher education in England: how teacher educators moved practicum learning online. European Journal of Teacher Education, 43(4), 542-558. https://doi.org/10.1080/02619768.2020.1820480
  • Kohler, S. & Dietrich, T. C. (2021). Potential and limitations of educational videos on YouTube for Science Communication. Frontiers in Communication, 6, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2021.581302
  • Kohnke, L. & Moorhouse, B. L. (2022). Facilitating synchronous online language learning through Zoom. RELC Journal, 53(1), 296-301.
  • la Velle, L., Newman, S., Montgomery, C., & Hyatt, D. (2020) Initial teacher education in England and the Covid-19 pandemic: challenges and opportunities. Journal of Education for Teaching, 46(4), 596-608. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2020.1803051
  • Leonardi, P.M. (2011) When Flexible Routines Meet Flexible Technologies: Affordance, Constraint, and the Imbrication of Human and Material Agencies. MIS Quarterly, 35, 147-168. https://doi.org/10.2307/23043493
  • Lowenthal, P. R., Wilson, B., & Parrish, P. (2009). Context matters: A description and typology of the online learning landscape. In M. Simonson (Ed.), 32nd Annual proceedings: Selected research and development papers presented at the annual convention of the Association for Educational Communications and Technology. Washington D. C.: Association for Educational Communications and Technology.
  • Moyo, N. (2020). Covid- 19 and the future of practicum in teacher education in Zimbabwe: rethinking the ‘new normal’ in quality assurance for teacher certification. Journal of Education for Teaching, 46(4), 536-545. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2020.1802702
  • Nasri, N. M., Husnin, H., Mahmud, S. N. D., & Halim, L. (2020). Mitigating the COVID19 pandemic: a snapshot from Malaysia into the coping strategies for pre-service teachers' education. Journal of Education for Teaching, 46(4), 546-553. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2020.1802582
  • Ng, C. H. (2020). Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) through synchronous online teaching in English language preservice teacher education. International Journal of TESOL Studies, 2(2), 62-73.
  • Nuland, S.V., Mandzuk, D., Petrick, K. T., & Cooper, T. (2020). COVID-19 and its effects on teacher education in Ontario: a complex adaptive systems perspective. Journal of Education for Teaching, 46(4), 442-451. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2020.1803050
  • Osman, M. E (2020). Global impact of COVID-19 on education systems: The emergency remote teaching at Sultan Qaboos University. Journal of Education for Teaching, 46(4), 463-471. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2020.1802583
  • Quezada, R. L., Talbot, C., & Quezada Parker, K. B. (2020) From bricks and mortar to remote teaching: a teacher education program’s response to COVID-19. Journal of Education for Teaching, 46(4), 472-483. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2020.1801330
  • Quiamco, M. S., Abocado, S. M., & Toquero, C. M. (2022). Zoom engagement of pre-service teachers during emergency remote classes. Asian Journal of Distance Education, 17(2), 19-46. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7051923
  • Sepulveda-Escobar, P., & Morrison, A. (2020) Online teaching placement during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile: challenges and opportunities. European Journal of Teacher Education, 43(4), 587-607. https://doi.org/10.1080/02619768.2020.1820981
  • Van Lier, L. (2004). The ecology and semiotics of language learning. Kluwer.
  • Venkatesh, V. and Davis, F.D. (2000) A Theoretical Extension of the Technology Acceptance Model: Four Longitudinal Field Studies. Management Science, 46, 186-204. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.46.2.186.11926

Uzaktan eğitim araçlarına ilişkin tercihlerin incelenmesi: Bir İngilizce öğretmen eğitimi programı örneği

Year 2025, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 220 - 242, 01.01.2026
https://doi.org/10.71362/eltrj.1783995

Abstract

References

  • Barnes, R., Hall, R., Lowe, V., Pottinger, C., & Popham, A. (2020). Lessons from an online teacher preparation program: flexing work experience to meet student needs and regulators’ requirements in the United States. Journal of Education for Teaching, 46(4), 528-535. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2020.1802203
  • Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research
  • Çamlıbel-Acar, Z., & Eveyik-Aydın, E. (2022). Perspectives of EFL teacher trainers and pre-service teachers on continued mandatory distance education during the pandemic. Teaching and Teacher Education, 112, 103635. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2022.103635
  • Cao, J. (2020). Foreign language learners’ preference of e-learning methods: an empirical study. Proceedings of the International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Education (ICAIE), Virtual, China, 311-315. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAIE50891.2020.00080
  • Cankaya, S. & Durak, G. (2020). Integrated systems in emergency distance education: Microsoft Teams. Necatibey Faculty of Education Electronic Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 14(2), 889-920. https://doi.org/10.17522/balikesirnef.827595
  • Conole, G., & Dyke, M. (2004). What are the affordances of information and communication technologies? ALT-J, 12(2), 113–124. https://doi.org/10.3402/rlt.v12i2.11246
  • Correia, A. P., Liu, C., & Xu, F. (2020). Evaluating videoconferencing systems for the quality of the educational experience. Distance Education, 41(4), 429-452. https://doi.org/10.1080/01587919.2020.1821607
  • Creswell, J. W. (2014). A concise introduction to mixed methods research. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
  • Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly.
  • Durak, G., Cankaya, S., & İzmirli, S. (2020). Examining the Turkish universities’ distance education system during the COVID-19 pandemic. Necatibey Eğitim Fakültesi Elektronik Fen ve Matematik Eğitimi Dergisi, 14(1), 787-809. https://doi.org/10.17522/balikesirnef.743080
  • Fidalgo, P., Thormann, J., Kulyk, O., & Lencastre, J. A. (2020). Students’ perceptions on distance education: A multinational study. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 17, 18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-020-00194-2
  • Flores, M. A., & Gago, M. (2020). Teacher education in times of COVID-19 pandemic in Portugal: national, institutional and pedagogical responses. Journal of Education for Teaching, 46(4), 507-516. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2020.1799709
  • Gibson, J. J. (1979). The ecological approach to visual perception. Houghton Mifflin.
  • Göksel, N. (2022). Examination of the effectiveness of live-course recordings in learning English in the Covid-19 period. Inonu University Journal of the Faculty of Education, 23(1), 539-561. https://doi.org/10.17679/inuefd.1043450
  • Gunawardena, C. N., & McIsaac, M. S. (2008). Distance education. In D. H. Jonassen (Ed.), Handbook of research on educational communications and technology (2nd ed., pp.355-395). Routledge.
  • Kalloo, R. C., Mitchell, B., & Kamalodeen, V. J. (2020) Responding to the COVID-19 pandemic in Trinidad and Tobago: challenges and opportunities for teacher education. Journal of Education for Teaching, 46(4), 452-462. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2020.1800407
  • Karadağ, E., Çiftçi, Ş. K., Gök, R., Su, A., Ergin-Kocatürk, H., & Çiftçi, Ş. S. (2021). COVID-19 pandemi sürecinde üniversitelerin uzaktan eğitim kapasiteleri. Üniversite Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(1), 8-22. https://doi.org/10.26701/uad.874799
  • Kentnor, H. (2015). Distance education and the evolution of online learning in the United States. Curriculum and Teaching Dialogue, 17(1), 21-34.
  • Kidd, W., & Murray, J. (2020). The Covid-19 pandemic and its effects on teacher education in England: how teacher educators moved practicum learning online. European Journal of Teacher Education, 43(4), 542-558. https://doi.org/10.1080/02619768.2020.1820480
  • Kohler, S. & Dietrich, T. C. (2021). Potential and limitations of educational videos on YouTube for Science Communication. Frontiers in Communication, 6, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2021.581302
  • Kohnke, L. & Moorhouse, B. L. (2022). Facilitating synchronous online language learning through Zoom. RELC Journal, 53(1), 296-301.
  • la Velle, L., Newman, S., Montgomery, C., & Hyatt, D. (2020) Initial teacher education in England and the Covid-19 pandemic: challenges and opportunities. Journal of Education for Teaching, 46(4), 596-608. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2020.1803051
  • Leonardi, P.M. (2011) When Flexible Routines Meet Flexible Technologies: Affordance, Constraint, and the Imbrication of Human and Material Agencies. MIS Quarterly, 35, 147-168. https://doi.org/10.2307/23043493
  • Lowenthal, P. R., Wilson, B., & Parrish, P. (2009). Context matters: A description and typology of the online learning landscape. In M. Simonson (Ed.), 32nd Annual proceedings: Selected research and development papers presented at the annual convention of the Association for Educational Communications and Technology. Washington D. C.: Association for Educational Communications and Technology.
  • Moyo, N. (2020). Covid- 19 and the future of practicum in teacher education in Zimbabwe: rethinking the ‘new normal’ in quality assurance for teacher certification. Journal of Education for Teaching, 46(4), 536-545. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2020.1802702
  • Nasri, N. M., Husnin, H., Mahmud, S. N. D., & Halim, L. (2020). Mitigating the COVID19 pandemic: a snapshot from Malaysia into the coping strategies for pre-service teachers' education. Journal of Education for Teaching, 46(4), 546-553. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2020.1802582
  • Ng, C. H. (2020). Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) through synchronous online teaching in English language preservice teacher education. International Journal of TESOL Studies, 2(2), 62-73.
  • Nuland, S.V., Mandzuk, D., Petrick, K. T., & Cooper, T. (2020). COVID-19 and its effects on teacher education in Ontario: a complex adaptive systems perspective. Journal of Education for Teaching, 46(4), 442-451. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2020.1803050
  • Osman, M. E (2020). Global impact of COVID-19 on education systems: The emergency remote teaching at Sultan Qaboos University. Journal of Education for Teaching, 46(4), 463-471. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2020.1802583
  • Quezada, R. L., Talbot, C., & Quezada Parker, K. B. (2020) From bricks and mortar to remote teaching: a teacher education program’s response to COVID-19. Journal of Education for Teaching, 46(4), 472-483. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2020.1801330
  • Quiamco, M. S., Abocado, S. M., & Toquero, C. M. (2022). Zoom engagement of pre-service teachers during emergency remote classes. Asian Journal of Distance Education, 17(2), 19-46. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7051923
  • Sepulveda-Escobar, P., & Morrison, A. (2020) Online teaching placement during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile: challenges and opportunities. European Journal of Teacher Education, 43(4), 587-607. https://doi.org/10.1080/02619768.2020.1820981
  • Van Lier, L. (2004). The ecology and semiotics of language learning. Kluwer.
  • Venkatesh, V. and Davis, F.D. (2000) A Theoretical Extension of the Technology Acceptance Model: Four Longitudinal Field Studies. Management Science, 46, 186-204. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.46.2.186.11926
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Language Studies (Other)
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Evrim Eveyik-aydın 0000-0003-3375-4442

Zeynep Cumhur Çamlıbel Acar 0000-0002-0382-4852

Submission Date September 16, 2025
Acceptance Date December 30, 2025
Publication Date January 1, 2026
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 14 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Eveyik-aydın, E., & Çamlıbel Acar, Z. C. (2026). CHOICE OF EMERGENCY DISTANCE EDUCATION TOOLS: THE CASE OF AN ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHER EDUCATION PROGRAM. ELT Research Journal, 14(2), 220-242. https://doi.org/10.71362/eltrj.1783995