Research Article

Effect of firings on the lithium disilicate and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate dental ceramics for CAD-CAM procedures

Volume: 60 Number: 1 September 9, 2026
EN

Effect of firings on the lithium disilicate and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate dental ceramics for CAD-CAM procedures

Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this study was to verify the effect of multiple firing cycles on lithium disilicate and zirconia reinforced lithium silicate ceramics.

Materials and Methods

Sixty discs measuring 12 mm x 1.2 mm made with IPS E.max CAD (n=30) or Vita Suprinity (n=30) ceramic systems were divided into 3 subgroups submitted to 2, 3 or 5 firing cycles (C2, C3, and C5, respectively). Surface roughness, gloss, biaxial flexural strength, and Vickers hardness were evaluated, as well as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. Data was submitted to two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test with a 5% significance level.

Results

For surface roughness, Suprinity showed a significant decrease at C5 (p<0.05). For gloss, there was no statistical interaction and C5 showed higher gloss value for both ceramics (p>0.05). For flexural strength, Suprinity showed significant increase (p<0.05) and IPS E.max CAD decreased significantly at C5 (p<0.05). For Vickers hardness, there was no statistical interaction and hardness decreased at C5 for both ceramics (p>0.05). IPS E.max CAD showed no morphological difference while Suprinity showed micro irregularities for C5 in the SEM analysis.

Conclusion

Firing cycles promoted better effect on roughness and biaxial flexural strength parameters for the Suprinity compared with IPS E.max CAD. Both ceramics showed negative effects on the morphological aspect of the crystalline matrix and similar gloss or hardness values.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Prosthodontics, Restorative Dentistry

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

September 9, 2026

Submission Date

February 3, 2025

Acceptance Date

January 25, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 60 Number: 1

APA
Montagner, P., Montagner, A., Sinhoreti, M., & Consani, R. (2026). Effect of firings on the lithium disilicate and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate dental ceramics for CAD-CAM procedures. European Oral Research, 60(1), 267-274. https://doi.org/10.26650/eor.20261631872
AMA
1.Montagner P, Montagner A, Sinhoreti M, Consani R. Effect of firings on the lithium disilicate and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate dental ceramics for CAD-CAM procedures. EOR. 2026;60(1):267-274. doi:10.26650/eor.20261631872
Chicago
Montagner, Pedro, Antonio Montagner, Mario Sinhoreti, and Rafael Consani. 2026. “Effect of Firings on the Lithium Disilicate and Zirconia-Reinforced Lithium Silicate Dental Ceramics for CAD-CAM Procedures”. European Oral Research 60 (1): 267-74. https://doi.org/10.26650/eor.20261631872.
EndNote
Montagner P, Montagner A, Sinhoreti M, Consani R (September 1, 2026) Effect of firings on the lithium disilicate and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate dental ceramics for CAD-CAM procedures. European Oral Research 60 1 267–274.
IEEE
[1]P. Montagner, A. Montagner, M. Sinhoreti, and R. Consani, “Effect of firings on the lithium disilicate and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate dental ceramics for CAD-CAM procedures”, EOR, vol. 60, no. 1, pp. 267–274, Sept. 2026, doi: 10.26650/eor.20261631872.
ISNAD
Montagner, Pedro - Montagner, Antonio - Sinhoreti, Mario - Consani, Rafael. “Effect of Firings on the Lithium Disilicate and Zirconia-Reinforced Lithium Silicate Dental Ceramics for CAD-CAM Procedures”. European Oral Research 60/1 (September 1, 2026): 267-274. https://doi.org/10.26650/eor.20261631872.
JAMA
1.Montagner P, Montagner A, Sinhoreti M, Consani R. Effect of firings on the lithium disilicate and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate dental ceramics for CAD-CAM procedures. EOR. 2026;60:267–274.
MLA
Montagner, Pedro, et al. “Effect of Firings on the Lithium Disilicate and Zirconia-Reinforced Lithium Silicate Dental Ceramics for CAD-CAM Procedures”. European Oral Research, vol. 60, no. 1, Sept. 2026, pp. 267-74, doi:10.26650/eor.20261631872.
Vancouver
1.Pedro Montagner, Antonio Montagner, Mario Sinhoreti, Rafael Consani. Effect of firings on the lithium disilicate and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate dental ceramics for CAD-CAM procedures. EOR. 2026 Sep. 1;60(1):267-74. doi:10.26650/eor.20261631872