Evaluation and Correlation of Friction Head Losses in Smooth and Rough Pipes

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 7 , 357 - 362, 24.11.2019

Abdelkrim Haddad

Öz

In order to transport a fluid, the energy losses mainly due to friction have to be overcome. Expressed in fluid height and referred to as head reduction, they are essentially dependent on pipe roughness and fluid low regime, and constitute the basis for the computation of fluid transportation and distribution networks design and analysis. The present paper reviews the diverse relationships that lead to the computation of friction head losses, and compare the results obtained to those of the experimentations carried out on pipes of diverse roughness and fluid flow regimes. The Hazen-Williams and Strickler relationships have been found to be the most appropriate to predicting the friction head losses in smooth and rough pipes respectively. Second-order polynomial correlations of the experimental results are developed for the cases investigated.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Head loss, Friction, Fluid flow transportation, Distribution networks

Kaynakça

• Blasius, H. (1913). Das ahnlichkeitsgesetz in flussigkeiten, Verein Deutscher Ingenieure, Forschungsheft, 131. Boudebza, C. & Bouachari, A. (1999). Etude des approches de calcul des pertes de charge par frottement et singulières et comparaison avec l’expérimentation, Dipl. Ing., Institut de Génie Mécanique, université 8 Mai 1945, Guelma, Algeria. CEMAGREF (1983), Calcul des réseaux ramifiés sous pression, 506, Antony, France. Colebrook, C. F. (1939). Turbulent flow in pipes with articular reference to the transition region between the smooth and rough pipe laws, J. Inst. of Civil Engrs., I1, 133-156. Darcy H. (1857). Recherches expérimentales relatives au mouvement de l'eau dans les tuyaux, Mallet-Bachelier, atlas, Paris, France. Ger, A.M. & Holly, E.R. (1976). Comparison of single point injections in Pipe Flow, J. Hydraul. Div., Am. Soc. of Civil Engrs., 102(HY6), 731-746. Lahiouel, Y. & Haddad, A. (2002). Evaluation of energy losses in pipes, 6th Saudi Engineering Conference, KFUPM, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia, 5, 577-589. Lamont, P. (1969). The choice of the pipe flow laws for practical use, Water and Water Engineering, 55-63. Manning R., (1891). On the flow of water in open channels and pipes, Transactions of the Institution of Civil engineers of Ireland. Maoui, K. (2016). Approche, application et comparaison des pertes de charge dans les conduites de systèmes de distribution d’eau, Master2, Département de Génie Mécanique, Faculté des Sciences et de la Technologie, université 8 Mai 1945, Guelma, Algeria. Moody, L.F. (1944). Friction factors for pipe flow, Trans. ASME, 66, 671-684. Powell, R.W. (1968). The origin of Manning formula, J. Hydraul. Div., American Society of Civil Engrs., 1179-1181. Scobey, F.C. (1966). The flow of water in commercially smooth pipes, Water Resources Center Archives, Series report 17, Univ. of California, Berkeley, USA. Strickler A., (1923). Beiträge zur Frage der Geschwindigkeitsformel und der Rauhigkeitszahlen fur Ströme, Kanäle und Geschlossene Leitungen, Berna. Weisbach J. (1845). Lehrbuch der Ingenieur - und Maschinen-Mechanik, vol. 1. Theoretische Mechanik, Vieweg und Sohn, Braunschweig, Germany. Williams, G.P. (1970). Manning Formula-A Misnomer?, J. Hydraul. Div., American Society of Civil Engrs., 193-200. Williams, G.S. & Hazen, A. (1933). Hydraulic tables, 3rd Edition, John Wiley & sons inc., USA. Zigrang, D.J.& Sylvester, N.D. (1982). Explicit Approximations to the Solution of Colebrook’s Friction Factor Equation, J. Am. Inst. of Chemical Engrs, 514-515.